Commitment is Not Enough: A Longitudinal Investigation of Goal Commitment, Confidence, and Depressive Symptoms in Personal Goal Pursuit

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Moss ◽  
Jennifer S. Cheavens
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Goal Progress ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Goal Striving

Introduction: Symptoms of depression are associated with difficulty achieving personal goals. Empirical investigations suggest that depressed individuals do not differ from healthy controls in their commitment to personal goals (i.e., goal commitment), though they express less confidence in their abilities to achieve goals (i.e., goal-related confidence). Despite the relevance of motivational constructs, including goal commitment and confidence, to both depression and goal striving, there is a dearth of research examining these variables as they relate to depressive symptoms and goal progress across time. Method: To address this gap, we tracked the goal pursuits of 139 undergraduate participants oversampled for elevated symptoms of depression at a large, Midwestern university at three time-points. Participants completed a baseline assessment that included The Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression Scale (CES-D; Radloff, 1977) and a free-response goal-setting activity. They were asked to report goal progress and re-rate commitment and confidence for any not-yet-attained goals 2 weeks later and, finally, to report on goal attainment at a 2-month follow-up. Results: As predicted, the association between depressive symptoms and concurrently-reported goal commitment was not significant. However, less goal progress and early decreases in goal commitment and confidence reported at 2-week follow-up acted as indirect paths through which baseline depressive symptoms predicted poor longer-term goal outcomes. Discussion: Future investigators could experimentally test the associations between these variables to better understand the ways in which manipulating one aspect of goal striving might causally influence the others.

scholarly journals Dietary Inflammatory Index and Recurrence of Depressive Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnime N. Akbaraly ◽  
Clarisse Kerleau ◽  
Marilyn Wyart ◽  
Nathalie Chevallier ◽  
Louise Ndiaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Circulating Inflammatory Markers

There is a growing interest in understanding the role of inflammation in the diet–depression relationship. The present study examined whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII; a measure of the inflammatory potential of individuals’ diets) is associated with recurrent depressive symptoms (DepS) (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score > 16 or taking antidepressants both at baseline and follow-up) assessed over 5 years in middle-aged men ( n = 3,178) and women ( n = 1,068) from the Whitehall II Study. For each increment of 1 SD of DII score, odds of recurrent DepS increased by 66% (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.30, 2.12]) in women, whereas no significant association between DII and recurrent DepS was observed in men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12; 95% CI = [0.92, 1.36]). This association was little attenuated after adjustment for confounders and after taking into account levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. In conclusion, there is an association between proinflammatory diet and recurrent DepS in women that seems to not be driven by circulating inflammatory markers.

scholarly journals Prospective study on the association between serum amino acid profiles and depressive symptoms among the Japanese working population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256337
Author(s):  
Takako Miki ◽  
Masafumi Eguchi ◽  
Takeshi Kochi ◽  
Ami Fukunaga ◽  
Sanmei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Serum Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles

Objective Accumulating evidence suggests that amino acids, particularly tryptophan and glutamate, play an important role in the pathology of depression, but prospective epidemiologic data on this issue is scarce. We examined the association between circulating amino acids and the risk of depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population. Methods Participants were 841 workers who were free from depressive symptoms and provided blood at baseline and completed 3-yr follow-up survey. 30 varieties of amino acid concentrations in serum were measured using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Depressive symptoms were defined using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios of depressive symptoms according to serum amino acids with adjustment for lifestyle factors. Results A total of 151 (18.0%) workers were newly identified as having depressive symptoms at the follow-up. Baseline tryptophan and glutamate concentrations in serum were not appreciably associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. Risk of depressive symptoms tended to increase with increasing arginine concentrations; the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for the highest versus lowest tertile of serum arginine was 1.65 (95% confidence interval: 0.96–2.83; P for trend = 0.07). No clear association was found for other amino acids. Conclusions Results of the present study do not support a significant role of circulating amino acids in the development of depressive symptoms among Japanese.

Sex Differences in the “Depressed Affect” Factor among Selected University Students

1989 ◽  
Vol 64 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1245-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley E. Hawkins ◽  
Robert J. McDermott ◽  
Laurene Sheilds ◽  
S. Marie Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
University Students ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Depressed Affect ◽  
Affect Factor

The present study examined symptoms of depression among university students. On the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 96 men and 138 women did not differ in over-all reporting of depressive symptoms, but women were significantly more prone to experience symptoms measured by a scale factor known as “depressed affect.”

scholarly journals DASH and Mediterranean-Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated With Fewer Depressive Symptoms Over Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Cherian ◽  
Yamin Wang ◽  
Thomas Holland ◽  
Puja Agarwal ◽  
Neelum Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Observational Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Mind Diet

Abstract Background Depression is common in older adults and more prevalent in those with cognitive impairment, vascular risk factors, or stroke. Nonpharmacologic strategies to reduce depression, such as diet, may be effective; however, few studies have investigated the relation. Methods A total of 709 participants (23.3% men, mean age 80.4), from an observational prospective cohort study were assessed annually for an average of 6.53 years of follow-up. Participants with missing or invalid baseline dietary evaluations or fewer than two depression assessments were excluded. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. High burden of depressive symptoms was defined as the presence of four or more depressive symptoms. Diet scores were computed using a validated food frequency questionnaire for the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, and Western diets. Diet scores were modeled in tertiles. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was performed for the longitudinal analysis of depression as a binary outcome. Results Participants in the highest tertile of the DASH (β = −0.10, confidence interval [CI]: −0.20, −0.0064) and MIND (β = −0.12, CI: −0.23, −0.0092) diet scores had lower rates of depressive symptoms over time when compared to those in the respective lowest tertiles. The Western diet was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time (β = 0.093, p-trend = .05). Conclusions Diet may be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in older adults. A diet intervention trial may be needed to determine the optimal nutritional components for prevention of late onset depression.

scholarly journals Association Between Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Hazardous Drinking: Findings From the Korea Welfare Panel Study (2013–2018)

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Hoon Jeong ◽  
Doo Woong Lee ◽  
Soo Hyun Kang ◽  
Seung Hoon Kim ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Hazardous Drinking ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between changes in depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking among South Korean adults.Participants/Methods: This study was conducted using a sample drawn from participants enrolled in the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) from 2013 to 2018. Hazardous drinking was defined as a score of 11 points for men and seven points for women on the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using an 11-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A generalized estimating equation model was used to analyze the association between changes in depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking.Results: Of the 12,878 people registered with KoWePS and without follow-up losses from 2013 to 2018, a total of 2,341 were included in this study, excluding those under the age of 19 and those with missing data. Persistent depressive symptoms (men, odds ratio [OR]: 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–3.21; women, OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.66–4.22) and the changes from non-depressive symptoms to depressive symptoms (men, adjusted OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.80–2.64; women, OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.27–2.29) increased the likelihood of hazardous drinking.Conclusions: Persistent depressive symptoms and changes from non-depressive to depressive symptoms are associated with increased prevalence of hazardous drinking. This suggests that an evaluation of the underlying mental illness or emotion should be made when counseling for abstaining from alcohol for chronic drinkers or the general public.

scholarly journals Association between Bullying Victimization and Symptoms of Depression among Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3316
Author(s):  
Songli Mei ◽  
Yueyang Hu ◽  
Mengzi Sun ◽  
Junsong Fei ◽  
Chuanen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Bullying victimization and its effect on symptoms of depression have received attention from researchers, but few studies have considered the potential mechanism. The aim of this study was to examine a moderated mediation model for the association between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms in terms of it being mediated by social anxiety, and investigated whether sleep duration would show moderating effects in this relationship. Methods: In this study, there were 2956 students, who completed three questionnaires, including a bullying victimization scale, as well as a social anxiety and epidemiologic studies depression scale. Results: Bullying victimization’s effects on depressive symptoms were mediated by social anxiety. Furthermore, sleep duration moderated the relationship between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The research contributes by clarifying the mechanisms underlying the relationship between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Neighbourhood social environment and depressive symptoms in mid-life and beyond

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAI STAFFORD ◽  
ANNE MCMUNN ◽  
ROBERTO DE VOGLI
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Sense Of Control ◽  
Perceived Safety

ABSTRACTThis prospective study examines the relationship between aspects of the neighbourhood social environment and subsequent depressive symptoms in over 7,500 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Neighbourhood social environment at baseline was operationalised using four items capturing social cohesion and three items capturing perceived safety and associations with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) at two-year follow-up were assessed. Friendship quality and personal sense of control were tested as mediators of this relationship using structural equation modelling. Neighbourhood social cohesion was found to be associated with reporting fewer depressive symptoms independent of demographic and socioeconomic factors and baseline depressive symptoms. Friendship quality and sense of control mediated this association. The study highlights that greater personal sense of control, higher quality friendships and fewer depressive symptoms are found in neighbourhoods seen to be characterised by higher social cohesion.

scholarly journals Validation of the Japanese Version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised: A Preliminary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Hirohito Tsuboi ◽  
Yui Takakura ◽  
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽  
Sakae Miyagi ◽  
Keita Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Study Population

To make the Japanese version of the CESD-R—a revised version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale (CES-D)—in the assessment of depressive symptoms in a general population. The English version of CESD-R was translated into Japanese, and back-translated into English by three native speakers of Japanese and English; then, we selected the version most completely consistent with the original items. The CESD-R was applied to 398 community-dwelling people (191 men: 48.0%, and 207 women: 52.0%) who were over 40 years old. The Japanese version of the CES-D was also carried out in the same population. Factor analysis was performed. Additionally, the correlations between the CESD-R and CES-D results were identified. The CESD-R scores showed a significantly positive correlation with CES-D scores (r = 0.74, p < 0.0005). Analysis of the CESD-R yielded a Cronbach’s alpha result of 0.90. Factor analysis revealed one principal factor in the CESD-R, whereas the original CES-D had two factors because of reversed items. The Japanese version of the CESD-R appears to have the reliability to be applicable for assessing depressive symptoms in population-based samples. However, because the Japanese expressions for some items might be unusual, our study population was also limited; further studies on other populations and on incorporating improved Japanese terminology will be needed.

scholarly journals Association of FKBP5 genotype with depressive symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (12) ◽  
pp. 1651-1662
Author(s):  
Julia Brandt ◽  
Katharina Warnke ◽  
Silke Jörgens ◽  
Volker Arolt ◽  
Katja Beer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
A Prospective Study

AbstractDepression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are prevalent and often co-occurring disorders. Both have been associated with a dysregulated stress system. As a central element of the stress system, the FKBP5 gene has been shown to be associated with depression. In a prospective design, this study aims to investigate the association of FKBP5 with depressive symptoms in CHD patients. N = 268 hospitalized CHD patients were included. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) at four time points (baseline, and after 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months). The functional FKBP5 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1360780 was selected for genotyping. Linear regression models showed that a higher number of FKBP5 C alleles was associated with more depressive symptoms in CHD patients both at baseline (p = 0.015) and at 12-months follow-up (p = 0.025) after adjustment for confounders. Further analyses revealed that this effect was driven by an interaction of FKBP5 genotype with patients’ prior CHD course. Specifically, only in patients with a prior myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization, more depressive symptoms were associated with a higher number of C alleles (baseline: p = 0.046; 1-month: p = 0.026; 6-months: p = 0.028). Moreover, a higher number of C alleles was significantly related to a greater risk for dyslipidemia (p = .016). Our results point to a relevance of FKBP5 in the association of the two stress-related diseases depression and CHD.

scholarly journals Prospective association between adherence to dietary recommendations and incident depressive symptoms in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moufidath Adjibade ◽  
Cédric Lemogne ◽  
Chantal Julia ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
Pilar Galan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractA posteriorihealthier dietary patterns and several nutrients have been associated with lower risks of depression in various studies; however, evidence is lacking with regard to the prospective association between adherence to nutritional recommendations (food-based and nutrient-based recommendations) and incident depression or depressive symptoms. In this study, we investigate such associations in the NutriNet Santé cohort. The study sample included 26 225 participants (aged 18–86 years) who were initially free of depressive symptoms. Adherence to nutritional recommendations was measured by four scores namely modified French Programme National Nutrition Santé-Guideline Score (mPNNS-GS), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake Dietary Score (PANDiet) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), using non-consecutive dietary record data during the first 2 years of follow-up (mean number of recording days=8,sd2). Depressive symptoms were defined by a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score ≥17 for men and ≥23 for women. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios and 95 % CI, modelling the dietary scores as standardised continuous variables and as tertiles. Over a mean follow-up of 6 years, we identified 2166 incident cases of depressive symptoms. All dietary scores with the exception of the AHEI-2010 were significantly inversely associated with incident depressive symptoms. In the fully adjusted model, an increase of 1sdin the mPNNS-GS, PANDiet and DQI-I was, respectively, associated with an 8 % (95 % CI 4, 13), 5 % (95 % CI 1, 9) and 9 % (95 % CI 5, 13) reduction in the risk of depressive symptoms. Overall, these findings suggest that diet in accordance with national or international guidelines could have beneficial effects with regard to mental health.

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