scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF A TOOL TO MEASURE KNOWLEDGE OF LABOUR LAWS AMONG EMPLOYEES

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-104
Author(s):  
M. M. Sulphey ◽  
Awad Ali Alanzi ◽  
Martin Klepek
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Labour Legislation

Labour legislations provide guidelines to prevent unfair labour practices and organizational injustice. All employment and labour laws propose standards regarding wages, wellbeing, safety, and equitable treatment, which reduces conflicts. However, informational imbalances between employers and employees prevent employees from having adequate knowledge about labour legislation. Consequently, some employers treat employees inconsistently and that could be detrimental to them. A practical solution to this problem is making employees aware of the provisions of labour laws. As an initial step towards this, there is a definite need to assess employees’ awareness regarding labour laws. Nevertheless, there is a lack of a standardized tool to measure the knowledge level of labour legislation, which has impaired empirical examinations. Using randomly collected 346 samples from two different types of industries, the present study constructed and validated a tool to measure labour law knowledge. The study has followed a simple scale development framework consisting of item generation, scale development, and psychometric evaluation. The measurement tool has been developed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The final questionnaire consists of 17 items under four factors, exhibited significant reliability and validity. The developed tool is expected to fill the gap in the literature and stimulate further empirical research. The study also examined the difference in the knowledge level based on the demographics of the sample. The results show a significant difference between the knowledge levels based on gender, citizenship, type of industry, and qualifications. Future research directions are proposed at the end of the paper, together with the limitations of this study.

Adversity Interpreted: A Scoping Review of Adversity Appraisal Measurement

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802098554
Author(s):  
Stephanie Gusler ◽  
Jessy Guler ◽  
Rachel Petrie ◽  
Heather Marshall ◽  
Daryl Cooley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
The Future

Although evidence suggests that individuals’ appraisals (i.e., subjective interpretations) of adverse or traumatic life events may serve as a mechanism accounting for differences in adversity exposure and psychological adjustment, understanding this mechanism is contingent on our ability to reliably and consistently measure appraisals. However, measures have varied widely between studies, making conclusions about how best to measure appraisal a challenge for the field. To address this issue, the present study reviewed 88 articles from three research databases, assessing adults’ appraisals of adversity. To be included in the scoping review, articles had to meet the following criteria: (1) published no earlier than 1999, (2) available in English, (3) published as a primary source manuscript, and (4) included a measure assessing for adults’ (over the age of 18) subjective primary and/or secondary interpretations of adversity. Each article was thoroughly reviewed and coded based on the following information: study demographics, appraisal measurement tool(s), category of appraisal, appraisal dimensions (e.g., self-blame, impact, and threat), and the tool’s reliability and validity. Further, information was coded according to the type of adversity appraised, the time in which the appraised event occurred, and which outcomes were assessed in relation to appraisal. Results highlight the importance of continued examination of adversity appraisals and reveal which appraisal tools, categories, and dimensions are most commonly assessed for. These results provide guidance to researchers in how to examine adversity appraisals and what gaps among the measurement of adversity appraisal which need to be addressed in the future research.

Development and Validation of the Affect Intolerance Scale to Assess Maladaptive Beliefs and Avoidance of Emotion

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexine A. Stapinski ◽  
Maree J. Abbott ◽  
Ronald M. Rapee
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Maladaptive Beliefs ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Unique Relationship

Cognitive processes are considered integral to the conceptualisation of emotional disorders and distress. Contemporary models have emphasised the importance of individual differences in the interpretation of internal events, including emotions. Maladaptive beliefs about emotional experience may motivate unhelpful control strategies, and impact negatively on psychological wellbeing. Building on existing measures of emotion, an integrative scale was developed to assess a range of maladaptive beliefs about the experience of negative emotions. Psychometric evaluation provided preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the Affect Intolerance Scale (AIS). Furthermore, the scale demonstrated a unique relationship with clinical symptomatology (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress and worry) above and beyond existing measures assessing dimensions of emotional experience. Potential utility of the measure for clinical practice and avenues for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Lithuanian version of the Nursing Outcomes Classification Use Survey: development and psychometric evaluation

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 895
Author(s):  
Olga Riklikienė ◽  
Kazimieras Pukėnas
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Nursing Outcomes ◽  
Instrument Translation ◽  
Nursing Outcomes Classification ◽  
Methodological Procedures

Cross-cultural tests and research instruments are broadly used to adapt questionnaires developed in different countries and cultures. The Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) – a comprehensive, standardized classification of patient outcomes – can be used to evaluate the results of nursing interventions. Objective. To develop and test psychometrically the Lithuanian version of the Nursing Outcomes Classification Use Survey. Material and methods. A Lithuanian version of the Nursing Outcomes Classification Use Survey was developed following traditional methodological procedures of research instrument translation and adaptation. The newly developed instrument was tested with a sample of 70 staff nurses from nursing and supportive care hospitals. The content and practical feasibility of the Lithuanian version of NOC was measured for its reliability and validity. Psychometric analysis was conducted with the statistical package SPSS 13.0 for Windows. Results revealed a successful translation of NOC from English to Lithuanian with validity and acceptability of a shortened Lithuanian version (244 items instead of the original 330 items). Satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach alpha >0.80 in 18 classes and in 6 classes out of 28 Cronbach alpha between 0.70 and 0.80) was defined, and stability in time was very good with a 7-day break between repeated translations (Spearman- Brown coefficient for the whole instrument was 0.806, ranging from 0.707 to 0.970). The majority of items in the Lithuanian version correlated with measurement class (correlation coefficients >0.40). Conclusions. The Lithuanian version of Nursing Outcomes Classification Use Survey is a reliable, valid, and applicable to outcome identification in clinical practice and nursing research. Future research and further evaluation of the newly developed Lithuanian version of NOC is suggested.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Short Version of the Time Perspective Inventory

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Danner ◽  
Lisa Treiber ◽  
Michael Bosnjak
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Short Scale ◽  
Gender Groups

Abstract. Time perspective describes to what extent people draw on past memories, experience the present, or focus on future goals. Five dimensions of time perspective can be distinguished: past negative, present hedonistic, future, past positive, and present fatalistic. Based on a probability-based sample ( N = 2,031) representative for the general population in Germany, we developed a 10-item time perspective scale that can be used in data collection contexts with limited resources for assessing specific constructs, such as large-scale surveys of the general population. Starting with a comprehensive German instrument assessing time perspective, we selected 10 items based on expert ratings and factor loadings. The reliability and validity of our short scale and its measurement invariance for women and men were assessed. The results suggest that the short scale is sufficiently reliable, allows the valid measurement of all five time perspective dimensions, and can be used for both gender groups. Reference statistics for the German general population are reported, limitations are being discussed, and avenues for future research are being sketched.

A Patient-guided Measure of Functional Status Following Traumatic Brain Injury: The Bob Brown Scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Ann Carney ◽  
Molly Stillwell ◽  
Hugo du Coudray
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Responses

Abstract Background: While technology for treating traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to improve, unexplained variation in outcomes persists. A growing body of literature provides evidence for the influence of subjective experience on objective physiological processes. We worked with TBI survivors and their family/caregivers to develop a model of recovery that incorporates patients’ subjective experience with objective measures of functional status (FS) to investigate factors that foster recovery. We then developed a measure of FS that reflects the priorities and perspectives of the patient population. The purpose of this report is to present our process for establishing the reliability and validity of the FS measure.Methods: Through an iterative process we elicited from TBI survivors their priorities for evaluation and measurement of FS. We assembled their responses into an 18-item measure and administered the pilot survey to 68 people with TBI from support groups in Oregon. Final administration was a survey mailed to 837 TBI survivors. Reliability analyses were conducted to evaluate internal consistency. A Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated for each sub-construct of the scale. A Difficulty Function was calculated to compare patient responses to family responses within each construct. Content validity analysis was conducted comparing constructs and items from the measure to those of 11 established, validated TBI outcome measures. an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to investigate the relationship between survivors’ FS scores and their post-trauma socio-economic status.Results: There were 248 complete cases in the sample. Reliability analysis provided adequate inter-item correlations. Difficulty functions ranged from .69 to .47. Construct validity was established with 11 validated instruments used to evaluate TBI. The ANOVA revealed a significant difference between FS scores and post-trauma SES; survivors with lower FS scores experienced lower post-trauma SES.Conclusions: Our goal was to develop a measure of functional status following TBI using the advice and assistance of survivors of TBI and their families. In this paper we present our process for developing and assessing the reliability and validity of the Functional Status measure of the Bob Brown Scale. Future research will be use of the BBS in a prospective sample of TBI survivors.

scholarly journals The development of Organization and Management Perception's Scale and comparison in terms of some professional variables for inspectors

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Ahmet Akbaba
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Perception Management ◽  
High Level ◽  
Organizational Perception ◽  
Scale Of Education

The general aim of this research is to compare the scores obtained from the scale in terms of some professional variables and the development of Organization and Management Perceptions' scale for the inspectors of education. This research is consisted of total 157 education inspectors as the research group of working in the scan model in Ağrı 9, in Bitlis14,in Elazıg 40, in Erzurum 31,in Hakkari 13, and Van, 50. Organization and Management Perceptions Scale of education ispectors is used in this study as collecting data within the scope of this study, and developed by researchers. It has determined that education inspectors have the threshold values determined on the averages, both the sub-scale scores and in total scale points of organizational perception management. When considering the scores obtained from the measurement tool, it was found a difference to the lower branches and sizes according to educational status. During the service there was not any significant difference. It is thought to provide a contribution to your writing, directed developing a measurement tool of the high level of reliability and validity of the study. In addition, the properties of education inspectors are compared in accordance with professional some variables.

An empirical research on developing a logistics performance scale

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Artuğ Eren Coşkun ◽  
Ramazan Erturgut
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Scale Development ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Scale

PurposeThe main objective of this study is to identify reliable and valid performance dimensions for both the identification and quantification of logistics performance that continues its development in the academic literature.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative research approach was used in the scale development process. First, the logistical performance literature was analyzed in detail, and it was evaluated that the logistics performance consists mainly of logistics efficiency, logistics differentiation, logistics agility and logistics effectiveness dimensions. During the scale development process, opinions were obtained from academics, industry managers and pilot applications were carried out. For the implementation of the developed scale, a total of 108 companies engaged in logistics activities in Turkey were identified, and the developed scale was applied to 398 logistics professionals.FindingsA 28-item logistics performance scale has been developed based on the resource-based theory to measure totally five-dimensional performance. First, the three items under the logistics agility dimension were separated from this dimension as a result of the exploratory factor analysis, and it was understood that these items belong to the “logistics flexibility” dimension. The established structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and validity of the scale are within the range of acceptable values.Research limitations/implicationsThe research data were collected from the Western Mediterranean region. The scale should be tested in different geographies.Originality/valueBy means of establishing a valid and reliable scale for logistics performance and its sub-dimensions, it is evaluated that this study will contribute to future research based on the measurement of logistics performance.

scholarly journals Developing an Instrument to Assess Children's Capacity for Assent in Research Settings: Considering the Capacity of Five-year-olds in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Ishiyama ◽  
Kimiko Akama ◽  
Zentaro Yamagata ◽  
Izumi Ishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Child Friendly

Abstract Background: When children are considered for research participation, international guidelines suggest that they should provide assent in addition to the consent of their parents or legally authorised representatives. Guidelines indicate that the assent-capable age of children, as a reference, is above seven years. However, previous studies that have clarified the appropriate age for assent are unavailable in Japan. If it can be shown that children under the age of seven have capacity for assent, it will clarify that assent is possible above the age of seven years. Therefore, we aimed to develop an instrument to assess children’s capacity for assent among four- to six-year-olds and research their capacity for studies with no invasion or intervention. Methods: To develop the instrument, we referenced a semi-structured interview instrument for assessing decision-making capacity to consent to participation in human subject research. Our instrument is composed of three sections based on 10 question items. Each answer is scored 0–2, and the total score is in the range of 0–20. Assent information was modified to be understood by four-year-olds in Japanese. To examine an instrument and to assess children’s capacity for assent, we conducted a study with 68 participants, aged to four to six years. The scores were analysed using a factor analysis, reliability analysis, one-way analysis of variance, t-test, and χ2 test.Results: The average age of participants was 5.4 years, the average interview time was 9.6 min, and the average scale score (range 0–20) was 14.4±3.8 points in total. Results showed a significant difference between four-year-olds and five-year-olds in the scale scores of assent capacity, largely attributable to differences in understanding and appreciation. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of this scale was indicated as sufficient. For studies with no invasion or intervention, five-year-olds may have the capacity for assent if provided adequate information about the research, tailored to their level of maturity with a child-friendly assent process. However, it cannot be stated that five to six-year-olds fully understand the significance of participating in a study that includes potential benefits for someone other than themselves. Future research may consider comparing six and seven-year-olds or older children.

Development of a German-Language Questionnaire to Measure Collective Orientation as an Individual Attitude

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Language ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Collective Orientation ◽  
Team Research ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The individual attitudes of every single team member are important for team performance. Studies show that each team member’s collective orientation – that is, propensity to work in a collective manner in team settings – enhances the team’s interdependent teamwork. In the German-speaking countries, there was previously no instrument to measure collective orientation. So, I developed and validated a German-language instrument to measure collective orientation. In three studies (N = 1028), I tested the validity of the instrument in terms of its internal structure and relationships with other variables. The results confirm the reliability and validity of the instrument. The instrument also predicts team performance in terms of interdependent teamwork. I discuss differences in established individual variables in team research and the role of collective orientation in teams. In future research, the instrument can be applied to diagnose teamwork deficiencies and evaluate interventions for developing team members’ collective orientation.

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