Thailand in 2012

Asian Survey ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ockey
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

In 2012, Thailand continued to take steps toward the creation of a new normal. That new normal encompassed, not always successfully, reconciliations between Red and Yellow adherents, the government and the military, the government and the courts, factions in the Pheu Thai Party, and between the government and Southern insurgents. By year’s end, some normalcy had been achieved, although the future of Thaksin, reconciliation between the colors, and the violence in the South remained unresolved.

The Price of Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-569
Author(s):  
Jerome Greenfield
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Military Leaders ◽  
Fiscal System ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

Abstract Much of the nature of French imperialism in Algeria can be explained through an analysis of its financial underpinnings, a subject generally neglected by historians. This article recounts the creation of a colonial fiscal system during the period of the French conquest of Algeria from the 1830s to the 1850s. It argues that money played a decisive role in shaping relations between metropolitan officials and the military leaders who comprised the “men on the spot.” While the French presence in Algeria was to an extent rationalized in terms of imparting “civilization,” the need for money exacerbated the army's tendency to rule through violence. This brutality alienated metropolitan elites, pushing the government to exert greater control over Algerian affairs. Here, money provided crucial leverage, given Algeria's financial dependence on the metropole. In this manner, finance decisively shaped the formation of the French state in Algeria. Souvent négligée par les historiens, l'étude des finances est essentielle pour comprendre l'impérialisme français en Algérie. Cet article traite de l'essor du système fiscal colonial pendant la conquête de l'Algérie. Il souligne le rôle que l'argent a joué dans les relations entre les fonctionnaires métropolitains et les commandants de l'armée en Afrique, « les hommes sur place ». Alors que la présence française en Algérie était en partie justifiée par le projet de « civilisation », les besoins financiers ont exacerbé la disposition de l'armée à gouverner par la violence. Cette brutalité a désenchanté les élites métropolitaines, encourageant le gouvernement à exercer plus de contrôle en Algérie, et pour cela l'argent était indispensable, compte tenu de la dépendance financière de la colonie sur la métropole. Les finances ont donc exercé une influence décisive sur le développement de l'Etat français en Algérie.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Levin
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
New England ◽  
Black People ◽  
White Population ◽  
The South ◽  
Confederate Army ◽  
The Future ◽  
War Effort ◽  
The Military

The introduction begins by discussing Edmund Ruffin, a pro-secession Virginian who published Anticipations of the Future, to Serve as Lessons for the Present Time, a novel in which the South secedes and maintains the institution of slavery and even spreads it to states sick of aggressive New England abolitionists. Ruffin accurately predicted that the south would use its enslaved population to sustain the war effort while remaining subservient to the white population. He did not imagine African Americans fighting alongside whites as soldiers. Despite Ruffin’s and other Confederates’ aversion to allowing African Americans to enlist in the army, claims that racially integrated units existed in the confederate army are widespread. The Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) was the first organization, beginning in the late 1970s, to insist there were black Confederate soldiers. They hoped this narrative would negate any claims that the south fought to preserve slavery. In reality, most black people directly involved with the Confederate army were camp slaves or were forced to perform labor to keep the military running.

20. The Future in a Post-COVID World

2021 ◽  
pp. 689-716
Author(s):  
Alisdair A. Gillespie ◽  
Siobhan Weare
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Legal System ◽  
New Normal ◽  
New Ways Of Working ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The Future ◽  
Justice Systems ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This chapter considers the impact that COVID-19 has had on the English Legal System. The chapter is broken down into sections that mirror the parts of this book. The chapter begins by noting that the manner in which laws are passed differed because of coronavirus. The government were given wide-ranging powers to introduce new laws that restricted liberty. In many instances, these were not subject to Parliamentary debate or judicial analysis. The chapter also considers how the courts had to adjust to new ways of working. While traditionally, the courts rely on live proceedings, with everyone gathered in court, this was not possible throughout the pandemic. Remote hearings became the new normal until so-called ‘Nightingale Courts’ were introduced to allow for socially-distant trials to resume. However, this has led to significant delays in both the civil and criminal justice systems that will have a lasting impact. The chapter considers not only what has happened during the coronavirus pandemic, but also what lessons have been learnt that can carry through to the future.

scholarly journals The influence of Calvinism on the South African Council of Churches

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G.J. Meiring
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Council ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prophetic Witness

The impact of Calvinist theology and of reformed leadership on the South African Council of Churches (SACC) is vast. After a brief history of the SACC, the author notes the contribution that a number of reformed and presbyterian clergy and theologians have made – as presidents, general secretaries or as theo- logians who helped develop the SACC’s message. At least five principles that Calvin held dear, are reflected in the SACC’s agenda during the past decades: the quest for unity, the con- cern for mission, covenanting for justice, providing a prophetic witness in the community, and when the need arose, the willingness to confront the government of the day. The article concludes with a brief look at the future of the SACC and of the continued input that reformed theologians may be able to make.

Postcolonial Land Governance in Pakistan: Exclusionary Practices on State-Owned Farms

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-235
Author(s):  
Asif Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
Unresolved Issue ◽  
Exclusionary Practices ◽  
State Response ◽  
Basic Rights ◽  
Emerging Patterns ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Military

Current developments in Pakistan highlight the unresolved issue of proprietary rights for long-standing tenants of state-owned farms comprising thousands of acres in various districts of Punjab. The pendulum of state response to the hereditary claims of people who have lived and worked on this land for generations swings presently towards expropriation, rather than respect for rural people’s basic rights. The scenario is further complicated because the military is a significant party to these disputes. This article scrutinises the handling of these protracted disputes over land rights and identifies emerging patterns of land governance in Pakistan that will alter the future relationship of these farmers with the government. The article shows that in this specific case, the problems are not merely a continuation of traditional local feudal powers, but now relate to new postcolonial realities, especially Pakistan’s economic co-operation with China.

scholarly journals Preliminary results of XRF and XRD analyzes for lithofacial characteristics of the Doirentsi Formation reservoir carbonates in the south-central part of the Moesian Platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-143
Author(s):  
Eva Marinovska ◽  
Nikola Botoucharov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
The South ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
South Central ◽  
Reservoir Models ◽  
The Future ◽  
Moesian Platform ◽  
The Creation

The main objective of the study is to determine the lithofacial characteristics of the Doirentsi Formation reservoir carbonates in the range of the south-central part of the Moesian platform by XRD and XRF analyzes. The obtained results demonstrate the chemical and phase composition and supplement the field description of the Middle Triassic limestones and dolomites. This will allow the creation of realistic 3-D reservoir models for gas condensate fields Pisarovo and Devetaki in the future.

Policing History

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
Ruth Streicher
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Military Officers ◽  
Southern Population ◽  
The South ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
Muslim Culture

This chapter examines a handbook produced for military officers stationed in the South, relating some of its central notions to an imperial construction of history in the modern Thai state formation that simultaneously erases the state's conquest of the Islamic sultanate while marking Patani as its Muslim feminized Other. The epistemological grounds on which the handbook rests are central to the whole military project of building understanding. In this narrative, Patani emerges as an ancient Buddhist land incorporated into Siam by mere administrative reform, Siam's crushing of the legal and political power of the former Islamic sultanate is elided, and the Patani population is characterized as adhering to a private Muslim culture. Based on this narrative, the handbook constructs state officers as paternal protectors of the southern population. The military aligning itself with objectivity is especially noteworthy in a conflict region where claims to knowledge — about history, in particular — are among the stated reasons for violence, and in a country where the government restricts open discussions about Patani's history.

scholarly journals STUDY OF SATISFACTION: OPEN SPACE HOUSING IN THE SOUTH TANGERANG REGION

SINERGI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Mona Anggiani ◽  
Rona Fika Jamila
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
The South ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Future ◽  
Private Housing ◽  
The Government

Housing is one of the necessities that must be fulfilled by every human being so that in the procurement of housing, the government has issued its own rules and regulations. Human needs are no less important that related to house is the existence of facilities. One of the essential means that needs to be held on housing is to conduct social activities or interaction among citizens. However, developers as providers of commercial houses in private housing have provided open space is also intended as one place for residents to social activities and did not escape the requirements of reforestation. The problem is what needs to be studied, what the problem is. This research is designed to find out the extent of the successful use of open space that has been provided by developers in private housing. By evaluating open space user satisfaction on house, referring to certain variables both from the non-physical and physical side is the method to be done in this research. The results of the study state that open space in Grand Serpong 2 housing is quite good from accessibility factors. But the less maintained condition of the open space made the residents less interested in visiting the room so that the occupants' attachment to the space was not good enough. Hopefully, if the discovery of the response of housing, residents can be used as one of thought or consideration for the future for housing providers, to provide open space that can be utilized by the citizens.

scholarly journals Estratégias das Apaes federadas para impactar a educação e assistência dos excepcionais no Brasil: Uma análise histórica entre os anos de 1960 e 1970

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Giovani Ferreira Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Military

This text discusses strategies mobilized by Apaean leaders in their work in the field of exceptionality, with a view to obtaining public attention, political power and financial resources from the Brazilian federal government before the creation of the National Center for Special Education (Cenesp), in 1973. Historical and documentary research is used, compiling the data through legislation and documents issued by the government, newspapers of general circulation, edited during the 1960s and 1970s, as well as copies of the periodical Mensagem da Apae from 1963 to 1973. It was evident that the Apaean leaders acted with the power established during the military governments installed after 1964, expanding their network of influences and having some government support. Based on national and international contingencies designed in the early 1970s, the creation of Cenesp established a new dynamic in the field of Special Education, which became officially designated and institutionalized, directed and regulated by the federal government, although private-philanthropic interference in the direction of this educational modality has not ceased.

scholarly journals The idea of creating a national armed forces in the socio-political discourse of the Ukrainian SSR in the 80s–90s of the 20th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Andriy Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Military Development ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the process of initiation and implementation of the idea of creating the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the social and political discourse of the USSR in the late 1980s – early 1990s. The positions of key pro-Ukrainian public associations and movements, their programs, and statements concerning the "Ukrainianization" of the military forces that were located in the USSR are explored. An estimation of the position of these forces on public policy in the military sphere is given. It has been found out that the majority of the public associations and movements created under the conditions of "restructuring" insisted on the need for de-ideologization and demilitarization of social and political life. In most cases, members of such organizations required on the need to form military units based on the existing USSR armed forces exclusively from residents of the republic, who would report directly to the leadership of the USSR. Besides, the demand for military service by USSR citizens only within the republic remained one of the principal in the speech of Ukrainian associations and movements. The main proposals for possible reform of the military sphere on the territory of the republic are outlined. The author points out that among the Ukrainian intelligentsia, there were different visions regarding the ways of creating such forces. One part insisted on the creation of armed forces subordinated to the government based on and in the composition of the armed forces of the USSR. The other required a complete reboot of the military sphere, the introduction of a new approach to the army formation, and, ultimately, the creation of an army of an independent Ukraine. Much attention is given to the youth’s opinion about the ideologization and militarization of the Soviet high school. Representatives of the student youth were much more active than other social groups, expressing their dissatisfaction with the current situation, which resulted in spontaneous protests against the authorities. It was concluded that, at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, the issue of military development was one of the key issues in the activities of Ukrainian unions, movements, and the first political parties. The members of these organizations were aware of the need to create an armed force in Ukraine that could counteract potential threats to state sovereignty. Such policies have resulted in numerous political actions, strikes, and demonstrations, which have been used as a mechanism to put pressure on the authorities to achieve individual political goals. In the end, under public pressure, as well as in the context of disintegration processes in the USSR, these requirements were fulfilled, which created the necessary basis for the creation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

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