Physics on the Periphery: A Research School at the University of Lisbon under Salazar's Dictatorship

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Gaspar ◽  
Ana Simões
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Research School ◽  
National Education ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Political Environments ◽  
The University

In this paper we discuss the emergence, consolidation, and dissolution of the research school that blossomed at the Laboratory of Physics of the University of Lisbon under the joint leadership of Cyrillo Soares and Manuel Valadares. From 1929 to 1947, this school flourished by the training of some of its members in European research centers, followed by research activity on x-ray spectrography, radioactivity, and nuclear physics at home. This project was supported by grants awarded by the Board for National Education created in 1929, and then the Institute for High Culture, established in 1936 during the period of Salazar's dictatorship. While the success of the Laboratory of Physics as a research school in a so-called peripheral context follows Gerald Geison's criteria, these criteria are unable to account for its dissolution. Its example illuminates how the interactions of a research school with its immediate social, academic, and political environments may be important to take into consideration. We offer a new historiographical interpretation of the events behind the dissolution of the Laboratory of Physics. Contrary to the received view, we argue that these events were not strictly political, and that discussions within the Faculty of Sciences on the role of scientific research, and on scientific policy generally, generated a hostile academic environment which played a leading role in the dissolution. Finally, we highlight the advantages of rethinking the concept of "periphery" as a perspective, following the suggestion of Gavroglu and colleagues.

A quality evaluation approach to disclosing third mission activities and intellectual capital in Italian universities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Berardino ◽  
Christian Corsi
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Using the quality evaluation approach, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the contribution of intellectual capital (IC) to the development of the third mission in Italian universities, defining the impact of these activities in the regional context. This research aims to verify if the mandatory reporting on quality discloses the contribution of IC to value creation, enhancing the universities’ awareness about IC management and third mission development. Design/methodology/approach The convergence between IC framework and quality evaluation approach is tested through an empirical research on a sample of 71 Italian universities funded by the government. Statistical analyses use data collected for the period 2004-2014 during the national assessment for research activity and third mission performance. The impact of third mission on the university ecosystem is verified using the indexes related to the territorial development rates. Findings This research found significant IC disclosure in the quality evaluation model and it highlights the possible integration between the IC measures and the quality evaluation indicators. The research findings show also a positive impact of third mission activities in the university ecosystem and the relevant role of structural capital and relational capital in the development of third mission. These findings encourage a collegial discussion in the university governance and among academics, stimulating a strategic behavior in the whole system Research limitations/implications The paper focuses the attention on research activity and third mission, considering the final results provided by an external stakeholder of university. Further research must include the role of teaching activity and the opinion of universities’ managers, researchers and administrative staff. Originality/value Following the neo-institutional sociology perspective, this research analyses for the first time the convergence between the solid experience of quality assessment and the immature IC culture in Italian universities. This analysis explores the value created by intangible activities in the university ecosystem, with a longitudinal perspective, contributing to the fourth stage of the IC literature.

scholarly journals Translingual Personality of a Scholar and Researcher: the 60th Anniversary of Prof. Zifa Kakbayevna Temirgazina

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-320
Author(s):  
Elena A. Krasina ◽  
Kanat K. Rakhimzhanov ◽  
Marzhan K. Akosheva
Keyword(s):  
Professional Competence ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
60Th Anniversary ◽  
Research School ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Theoretical Developments

The article is devoted to the professional translingual personality of Dr. of Philology, Professor Z.K. Temirgazina who is a creative and ever-developing professional linguist and researcher. A short survey of her scientific research activities, the review of her main works, to speak about finally - the research school of linguistics help give evidence of her truly active and multidimensional work in the direction from monolingualism towards real translingualism which are both revealed in theoretical and applied planes. Its obvious that in the professional sphere a linguist being a translingual scholar is able to understand better and deeper his own creative translingual self and entity, choosing as an object of the studies various languages involving in his professional competence. Simultaneously the article observes the innovative theoretical contribution of Prof. Z.K. Temirgazina to the studies of evaluation as a linguistic category as well as the studies in semantic syntax, the theory of speech activity, and linguistic gender studies. To sum up, there is surveyed the leading role of Prof. Z.K. Temirgazina to create the Kazakhstan linguo-axiological research school carried out during the latest two decades. Together with theoretical developments, the scholar pays much attention to the applied linguistic tasks, in particular, it concerns implementation and adaptation of polylingual; education at Kazakhstan secondary schools, and development of grammar literacy of schoolchildren by means of the Russian language.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF FORMING FUTURE SOCIAL WORKERS’ TOLERANCE IN THE PROCESS OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

2016 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
A. L. Zadoenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Linear Dynamics ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
The University ◽  
Development Of Tolerance

The paper discusses the problem of formation and development of future social workers’ tolerance in the process of higher professional education. The author presents the factors that hinder the development of tolerance. The research revealed the leading role of education in the formation of tolerance and proved the necessity of developing tolerance in future social workers. Empirically the differences in the formation of tolerance as personality traits of students majoring in “Social Work” and students from non-humanitarian faculties (e.g. the Faculty of Physics) were revealed. The author identified the lack of positive linear dynamics of formation of tolerance as personality traits of future social workers in the learning process at the University. The paper describes the specifics of internalizing tolerance of future social workers in the process of higher education.

scholarly journals Proposals Regarding Work Strategies in Plastic Visual Activities III. Developing The Creative Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Aprotosoaie-Iftimi
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Creative Behavior ◽  
Work Strategies ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
The University

Abstract Contemporary psychologist Didier Anzieu249 speaks of five phases of the process of creation: creative emotion, gaining consciousness, transposition, elaboration, and exposure. Each of the five phases has a correspondent in the stages of development of visual-plastic educational activities, and the role of the teacher is essential in each of them. Starting from the five phases, we propose an approach pattern to the creative process, adapted and developed during the years of experience in pre-university educational environment, and refined throughout the research activity carried out in the university environment.

THE FORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF LA FRANCOPHONIE

2018 ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Darina Vladimirovna NALETOVA
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
International Organization ◽  
French Language ◽  
African Countries ◽  
National Education ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The World ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Institutional System

We examine questions of historical formation of the International Organization of La Francophonie as an institutional system (1950–1980). The characterization and analysis of the initial stages of the International Organization of La Francophonie institutionalization allows a better understanding of its historical and modern ideological principles. It is noted that the world system of Francophonie begins to take shape in the middle of the 20th century. We analyze various projects for the creation of the International Organization of La Francophonie, which influenced the legal structure of the organization, its traditions, as well as relations with french-speaking states and other linguistic associations (International Association of French-Speaking Journalists and Press, The Union of French Culture, The Conference of Ministers of National Education of French-Speaking States, etc.). It shows the importance of both Western European and African countries and their political leaders in the development of the Francophonie project as an international organization, as well as the leading role of France. It is noted that the whole Francophone space became the springboard of the Union’s actions, and the goal was to protect and spread the French language and Francophone culture in the world. We conclude that the process of institutionalization of the International Organization of La Francophonie has played a huge role in maintaining the status of the French language and the role of France in the global space.

A relational perspective on entrepreneurial ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Pittz ◽  
Giles Hertz
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Key Skills ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of the entrepreneurship center (EC) in the larger entrepreneurial ecosystem. Entrepreneurial ecosystems thrive because of complex interdependencies and dynamic relationships between and among its participants. While the university has often been highlighted as a key player in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, the role of the EC within the university, despite its strategically influential position in stimulating entrepreneurship, has not received sufficient attention in scholarship. Design/methodology/approach The authors attempt to address this gap in scholarship using an expert Delphi panel approach to explore the vital role that the EC plays in ensuring the vibrancy of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. In doing so, the authors tackle the question of sustainability of the EC by outlining a structural framework and key job characteristics of the EC director so that it may thrive beyond the tenure of a transformational leader. Findings In analyzing the responses of Delphi panelists and reviewing the theoretical foundations, the authors have identified three areas for discussion: the question of whether the EC director ought to be an academic job, the key skills of an effective EC director and how to sustain the EC after the departure of a transformative leader. Considering the vital role that the EC plays in the university and regional entrepreneurial ecosystems, these questions have importance for the future of the practice of entrepreneurship. Originality/value The role of the EC in the larger regional entrepreneurial ecosystem and the impact of the EC director are subjects that have been largely unaddressed by current scholarship. This is despite the growing number of ECs, the growth of entrepreneurship as a discipline, the desire to foster entrepreneurial universities and the struggle to find suitable EC leadership talent. The EC is critical for bringing together various actors within the regional entrepreneurship ecosystem, creating and maintaining an entrepreneurial culture and fostering co-curricular learning to develop human capital, key benefits that the university provides on top of its research activity.

scholarly journals Short range nucleon correlations studied with electron and photon probes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Nucleon Nucleon ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Nucleon Emission ◽  
Group A ◽  
Three Body ◽  
The University ◽  
Electron And Photon

This paper reviews experimental research into two- and three-body nucleon-nucleon interactions, carried out by the University of Glasgow Nuclear Physics research group. A key aim of these studies has been to elucidate the role of short-range nucleon-nucleon correlations (SRC). Studies of photon-induced two- and three-nucleon emission reactions from a range of light nuclei, carried out at the 840 MeV Mainz electron microtron MAMI-B, have provided detailed information on the contributing mechanisms. More recent electron scattering studies at the 6.0 GeV Jefferson Laboratory have probed SRC at high values of Q^{2}2 and x_{B}B and suggested a connection between SRC and the EMC effect.

scholarly journals Miejsce i zadania Biblioteki Głównej Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu w układzie uczelnia–System Informacji o Szkolnictwie Wyższym POL-on

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Olimpia Małecka ◽  
Mariusz Polarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information System ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Database Structure ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
The University

Place and Tasks of the Main Library of the Poznań University of Life Sciences in arrangement university–information system for higher education POL-onThe paper presents the tasks performed in the Main Library of the Poznań University of Life Sciences, which are associated with the System of information on higher education POL-on. The leading role of the Main Library is to create and update the database Bibliography of publications of the Poznań University of Life Sciences. Collecting data in the database Bibliography was discussed here, as well as organizational solutions implemented after starting POL-on System. The scope of work related to updating the database structure and adapting it to export data to the Reporting Module of Polish Scholarly Bibliography was presented. Another task entrusted to the Main Library is to collect data entry about conferences, awards and honors, patents and protection rights and to introduce it to the POL-on system. The article also presents difficulties arising during the work and their solutions. All work was carried out in close cooperation with the University authorities on the basis of the Rector’s regulations.

scholarly journals 3. The Role of Arts in School Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Aprotosoaie-Iftimi
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
School Education ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
The University

AbstractContemporary psychologist Didier Anzieu220 speaks of five phases of the process of creation: creative emotion, gaining consciousness, transposition, elaboration, and exposure. Each of the five phases has a correspondent in the stages of development of visual-plastic educational activities, and the role of the teacher is essential in each of them. Starting from the five phases, we propose an approach pattern to the creative process, adapted and developed during the years of experience in pre-university educational environment, and refined throughout the research activity carried out in the university environment.

John Henry Carver 1926 - 2004

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
R. W. Crompton ◽  
G. D. Dracoulis ◽  
B. R. Lewis ◽  
K. G. McCracken ◽  
J. S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Small Satellite ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Molecular Physics ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Research School ◽  
Scientific Advisory ◽  
Atomic And Molecular Physics ◽  
The University

John Henry Carver made distinguished contributions to national and international physics, not only through his research in nuclear physics, atomic and molecular physics, and planetary atmospheric physics, but also as a scientific administrator. His years as the Elder Professor of Physics at the University of Adelaide saw him enter the field of rocket-based atmospheric physics by forging strong links with the nearby Weapons Research Establishment through which he had access to rockets to fly equipment developed in his laboratory and, eventually, to launch a small satellite developed and built by his team. This led to his appointment to the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, which he chaired for the record term of twenty-five years. As an academic administrator he was equally distinguished, serving on numerous boards and committees of the University of Adelaide before moving to Canberra as Director of the Australian National University's Research School of Physical Sciences, a position he held for fifteen years. In addition, he served with distinction on numerous national and international scientific advisory bodies. He was a passionate advocate for his School and his leadership will be long remembered.

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