Chapter 10: Thousand-seed weight (TSW) determination

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 (1) ◽  
pp. i-10-2
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Is the flag leaf important in perennial ryegrass seed production?

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
J.A.K. Trethewey ◽  
M.P. Rolston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Seed Fill ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

In cereals, the importance of the flag leaf for contributing carbohydrate during seed fill is well documented. However, in ryegrass this relationship is not so clear. This paper reports on an investigation of the effect on seed yield components of reduced photosynthetic capacity to the flag leaf, stem and head of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The hypothesis was that reduced photosynthetic capacity of the flag leaf does not affect seed yield components in perennial ryegrass. Following flowering, photosynthetic capacity was reduced by defoliation or shading the flag leaf, stem, or head of individual tillers. Seed yield components were measured at harvest. Reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) to the flag leaf and stem did not affect thousand seed weight or seed yield when compared with control plants whereas reducing PAR to the head had a significant effect. The seed head itself may be more important than the flag leaf during seed fill, but when the seed head is shaded substantial re-mobilisation of stored carbohydrates can occur. Keywords: flag leaf, green leaf area, Lolium perenne, photosynthetically active radiation, seed fill, seed yield, thousand seed weight, water-soluble carbohydrates

AAC Asher field pea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengjin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne ◽  
Debra L. McLaren ◽  
Richard Cuthbert ◽  
Hamid Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AAC Asher is a semi-leafless, medium to large seeded yellow cotyledon field pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. It has high yielding potential, early to medium maturity and good lodging resistance. AAC Asher has maturity of 94 days, and one-thousand-seed weight of 257 g. AAC Asher is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi Syd.), moderately tolerant to mycosphaerella blight (caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes) and fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum). AAC Asher is adapted to all field growing regions in western Canada.

scholarly journals Estimation of heterosis for yield-related traits for single cross and three-way cross hybrids of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wolko ◽  
Agnieszka Dobrzycka ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Iwona Bartkowiak-Broda
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Silique Length ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Rapeseed breeding programs are focused mainly on improving plant potential and seed yield. One of the ways to improve seed yield in oilseed rape is heterosis, which is hybrid vigor that results in a greater biomass, increased seed yield, and faster development. The purpose of this study was to estimate yield-related trait heterosis for single cross and three-way cross hybrids of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). A population of 60 doubled-haploid (DH) lines and two generations of hybrids were evaluated in field trials to assess six yield-related traits: plant height, number of branches per plant, number of siliques per plant, silique length, number of seeds per silique, and thousand seed weight. Heterosis effects for each trait were estimated by a comparison of the particular hybrid with: (1) the trait mean over both parents—mid-parent heterosis and (2) to the value of better parent—best-parent heterosis. Traits with clear positive heterosis and traits with varied heterosis were observed in this study. For the first group, we include plant height, silique length, and the number of seeds per silique—a large number of hybrids expressed significant positive heterosis for these traits, independent from the year of observations and the type of hybrid. For the second group, with varied heterosis, we can include the number of branches and siliques per plant and thousand seed weight. For these traits, hybrids exhibited both positive and negative significant heterosis, without a clear pattern for the years and types of hybrids.

AAC Olive marrowfat pea

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 780-782
Author(s):  
Deng-Jin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne ◽  
Debra McLaren ◽  
Yantai Gan ◽  
Parthiba Balasubramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Development Centre ◽  
Green Cotyledon ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AAC Olive is a semi-leafless, green cotyledon, and high-yielding marrowfat pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at the Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. It has a maturity of 102 d, average thousand-seed weight of 344 g, and is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi). AAC Olive was certificated on 16 Apr. 2019 by the Canadian Seed Growers Association under the authority of the Canada Seeds Act. The certificate number is 2165-2019.

scholarly journals Enrichment, quality, and productivity of soybean seeds with cobalt and molybdenum applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Dionatam Cortese ◽  
Clovis Pierozan Junior ◽  
Jilvana Barbara Walter ◽  
Diaine Cortese ◽  
Silas Maciel de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Mo Content ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Abstract: Cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) are vital nutrients for biological fixation and nitrogen assimilation by soybean. This study aimed to evaluate the increase of Co and Mo contents in soybean seeds by leaf applications. The experiment was carried out in a seed production field in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme with three Co and Mo doses and three treatments (times). Each treatment consisted of two application times: R3+R5.1 (T1), R3+R5.4 (T2), and R5.1+R5.4 (T3). Doses were 0, 400, and 600 g.ha−1 of Mo and 0, 40, and 60 g.ha−1 of Co. No difference was observed for productivity, one thousand-seed weight, and germination. An interaction was observed between dose and application time in the Mo content. The application of 400 g ha−1 of Mo in T1 (R3+R5.1) provided a higher Mo content in the seeds (13.5 g.kg−1), which is 1350% higher when compared to the control. For Co, there was a difference only for doses, and the application of 40 or 60 g.ha−1 of Co increased seed nutrient content by 30%. Therefore, a higher enrichment of Co and Mo was observed in seeds with applications of 40 and 400 g.ha−1, respectively, applied in R3+R5.1.

Tolerance of flax (Linum usitatissimum) to fluthiacet-methyl, pyroxasulfone, and topramezone

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 509-517
Author(s):  
Moria E. Kurtenbach ◽  
Eric N. Johnson ◽  
Robert H. Gulden ◽  
Christian J. Willenborg
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AbstractFlax yield can be severely reduced by weeds. The combination of limited herbicide options and the spread of herbicide-resistant weeds across the prairies has resulted in a need for more weed control options for flax producers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of flax to topramezone, pyroxasulfone, flumioxazin, and fluthiacet-methyl applied alone as well as in a mix with currently registered herbicides. These herbicides were applied alone and in mixtures at the 1X and 2X rates and compared with three industry standards and one nontreated control. This experiment was conducted at Carman, MB, and Saskatoon, SK, as a randomized complete block with four replications. Data were collected for crop population, crop height, yield, and thousand-seed weight. Ratings for crop damage (phytotoxicity) were also taken at three separate time intervals: 7 to 14, 21 to 28, and 56+ d after treatment. Crop tolerance to these herbicides varied between site-years. This was largely attributed to differences in spring moisture conditions and the differences in soil characteristics between sites. Herbicide injury was transient. Hence, no herbicide or combination of herbicides significantly impacted crop yield consistently. Flumioxazin was the least promising herbicide evaluated, as it caused severe crop damage (>90%) when conditions were conducive. Overall, flax had excellent tolerance to fluthiacet-methyl, pyroxasulfone, and topramezone. Flax had excellent crop safety to the combination of pyroxasulfone + sulfentrazone. However, mixing fluthiacet-methyl and topramezone with MCPA and bromoxynil, respectively, increased crop damage and would not be recommended.

scholarly journals Character Association and Path Analysis of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Genotypes under Different Irrigation Regimes

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaosar BARDIDEH ◽  
Danial KAHRIZI ◽  
Mohammad E. GHOBADI
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Character association and path analysis were performed for black seed cultivars using a split-plots design based on RCBD with three replications. Three cultivars (‘Varzaneh’, ‘Semirom’ and ‘Mobarakeh’) were studied under three levels of irrigation (normal irrigation, irrigation with drought stress before and after flowering). Under normal and abnormal irrigations the relation of seed yield and three characters biological yield, number of capsule per plant and thousand seed weight were high, positive significantly (p≤0.01); the relation between yield and number of sub branch was positive significantly (p≤0.05). In terms of abnormal irrigation there was a positive significant correlation between essence percent and yield (p≤0.05). Under normal irrigation the most direct effect of traits on yield was obtained from biological yield (0.778) followed the number of capsules per plant (0.245). The most indirect effect of traits on yield was obtained from biological yield through thousand seed weight (0.576) followed stem diameter through biological yield (0.468). Under water deficiency conditions the most direct effect of traits on yield was obtained from biological yield (0.811) followed the number of capsules per plant (0.231). The most indirect effect of traits on yield was obtained from biological yield through thousand seed weight (0.562).

scholarly journals The effect of herbicides on the yield structure elements and the productivity of oil flax

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00028
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Bushnev ◽  
Gennady I. Orekhov ◽  
Sergei P. Podlesny ◽  
Yulia V. Mamyrko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Bulk Weight ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Manual Weeding ◽  
Western Ciscaucasia ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The article provides the research results concerning the effect of antidicotyledonous herbicide Sekator Turbo, OD (a.i. amidosulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium + mefenpyr-diethyl) in a tank mixture with various graminicides Quickstep, FEM (a.i. clethodim + haloxyfop-P-methyl), Bagheera, EC (a.i. quizalofop-P-tefuryl), Fuzilad Forte, EC (a.i. fluazifop-P-butyl), Miura, EC (a.i. quizalofop-P-ethyl), and Zellek-super, EC (a.i. haloxyfop-P-methyl) on the yield structure elements and the productivity of lowlinolenic (Nilin) and linolenic (FLIZ) varieties of oil flax on leached chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia. We have found that the treatment of sowings with herbicides did not have a significant effect on the yield structure elements (thousand-seed weight and bulk weight of seeds). The treatment of sowings of the variety Nilin with the composition of Sekator Turbo + Bagheera or Sekator Turbo + Miura, and the variety FLIZ with Sekator Turbo + Bagheera, Sekator Turbo + Quickstep, Sekator Turbo + Fuzilad Forte, Sekator Turbo + Miura contributes to the receiving of oil flax yield at the level of the control with manual weeding. Tank mixtures of Sekator Turbo + Bagheera, Sekator Turbo + Miura decreased the oil content of seeds of the variety Nilin by 0.5 %. The application of herbicides Sekator Turbo, OD (0.1 l/ha) + Bagheera, EC (1.5 l/ha) provided the highest oil yield of the variety Nilin – 0.34 t/ha, and of the variety FLIZ – 0.54 t/ha. The composition of Sekator Turbo + Zellek-super led to a significant decrease in the productivity and oil content of seeds of the variety FLIZ – by 0.15 t/ha and 0.6 %, respectively.

scholarly journals Impact of management practices on Italian ryegrass seed quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Simic ◽  
Savo Vuckovic ◽  
Branko Cupina ◽  
Djordje Krstic ◽  
Rade Stanisavljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Thousand-seed weight and total germination from the first production year and two seed harvests were measured in tetraploid Italian ryegrass (cv. Tetraflorum) to study variations in seed quality. Four-year field experiments were carried out (2002-2006) in western Serbia and Italian ryegrass was established with three row spacings (20, 40 and 60 cm), four seeding rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha-1) and using four spring nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1). High seed quality was obtained, except for the first experimental year (2003) and the second seed harvests which yielded the seed of unsatisfactory quality and validity. Applied factors and treatments did not change seed quality significantly unlike environmental conditions of production years which had considerable influence on seed quality.

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