scholarly journals Exposure To Cytotoxic Drugs Threatens The Health Of Staff In Oncology Wards

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Momeni ◽  
Mehrdad Askarian ◽  
Hossein Azad ◽  
Mina Danaei
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Acute Complications

Background — Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Using cytotoxic drugs for cancer treatment is increased. The hazardous effects of occupational exposure to cytotoxic drugs are challenging. Objective — This study aimed to compare the frequency of adverse effects and using personal protective equipment (PPE) between the staff of oncology wards and other hospital wards staff in Iran. Methods — A cross-sectional study with a control group was conducted on female staff members in educational hospitals, selected through convenience sampling. A data collection form was designed for this study. It includes demographic data, acute complications (allergic and neurologic reactions), chronic complications (infertility, menstrual disorders, malignancy, and congenital malformations), and use of PPE. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software through Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results — The frequencies of chronic complications were not statistically different between the two groups. The frequency of itching (P=0.001), hair loss (P=0.003), itchy eyes (P=0.001), watery eyes (P=0.001), runny nose (P=0.003), headache (P=0.001), vertigo (P=0.007), and nausea (P=0.008) were significantly higher in oncology wards nurses. Among different PPE, only the frequency of using the mask (P= 0.001), and glasses (P=0.027) were significantly higher in the staff of oncology wards. Conclusion — Despite the frequency of acute complications of exposure to cytotoxic drugs, oncology staff does not fully adhere to the standard precautions. Providing effective training and emphasis on implementing accreditation laws can improve the existing situation.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety levels and sleep quality indexes among the spouses of people with epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil ONDER ◽  
Ersin Kasim ULUSOY ◽  
Caner BAYDAR ◽  
Mustafa KIRAZ ◽  
Muhammet Okay ORUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

ABSTRACT Background: Psychiatric problems and sleep disturbances are comorbidities that are frequently encountered among people with epilepsy. However, their presence among the spouses of peoples with epilepsy remains to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the spouses of people with epilepsy (PWE), with and without a history of seizures during sleep, in terms of depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in three groups of 18 to 65-year-olds. Group 1 consisted of healthy spouses of 127 healthy volunteers without any known neurological disease; group 2 comprised spouses of 63 PWE who had no history of seizure during sleep; and group 3 consisted of spouses of 63 PWE who had a history of at least one seizure during sleep in the course of the previous year. Questionnaires seeking demographic data and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied to all participants. Results: The depression scores of the group of spouses of PWE were higher than those of the control group and were higher in group 3 than in group 2 (p = 0.017). The anxiety scores of the group of spouses of PWE were significantly higher than those of the control group, but no difference in anxiety scores was found between group 2 and group 3 (p = 0.170). The mean PSQI score of group 3 was higher than that of group 2 (p = 0.029). However, regression analyses did not show any difference between these groups. Conclusion: We found that the PSQI scores, which reflected sleep quality, were higher among the spouses of PWE who had seizures during sleep and who had more severe epilepsy.

scholarly journals Prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH defects in Sudanese children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Elhassan Abdalla ◽  
Amal Hussein Abuaffan ◽  
Arthur Musakulu Kemoli
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Background: Molar incisos hypomineralization (MIH) has serious impact on oral health-related quality of life for a child, due to its effects on tooth structure, aesthetics and behavior of the child. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH in school children in Sudan.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 568 children, aged 8-11 years from schools in Khartoum State. After collecting their socio-demographic data, the children were examined for hypomineralization on the 12 MIH indexed teeth, and assessed on the MIH pattern and distribution. The data collected were analyzed to obtain descriptive statstics, and the results related to the socio-demographic and other dental-related factors of the children using chi-square test and Spearman Rank Correlation, with the significant level set at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%. Majority of the affected teeth were permanent first molars (PFMs) (12.5%), but there was no statistical significant difference between the occurrence of hypomineralization on mandibular and maxillary molars (p=0.22). However, in the case of incisors, there was a statistical significant difference between the maxillary incisors that had higher hypomineralization rate when related to the mandibular incisors ( p=0.00). In terms of the pattern of hypomineralization, demarcated opacities were the commonest MIH defects (69.9%) in the study group.Conclusions: While the prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%, both molars and incisor teeth were frequently affected in both dental arches, and the demarcated opacity type were the most frequent form of defect found in the teeth of the participants.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN RURAL NIGERIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY AND A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
Anthonia A. Ikpeme*,Nchiewe E. Ani, Edoise M. Isiwele, Andrew E. Ekpenyong,Emmanuel E. Ekanem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross River State

Introduction: Over 80% of cardiovascular deaths take place in low and middle incomecountries. These cardiovascular deaths are caused by modifiable risk factors. Evidenceis emerging that some of these factors maybe even more prevalent in rural areas whichare generally underserved.Aim: The aim of this study was to record risk factors for cardiovascular disease inrural communities in south southern Nigeria and review some related literature.Methods: A cross sectional study during clinical outreach activities that took placein 2016 to 2018 in several rural and few urban communities in Cross River State,Nigeria. Participating individuals gave full consent and ethical clearance obtained.Socio-demographic data, Anthropometric data and Blood sugar measurements wereobtained. Data extracted was transferred into EXCEL thereafter analysis was doneusing SPSS version 21. p values less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant.Tests of significance included Anova, chi square and student t- tests.Results: Total population investigated over the 3 year period was 504. (2016-33.1%),(2017 -37.9%), (2018 – 28%) with a Female: Male distribution of 1:1.Most participants tended to be overweight across the years 59.7%, 59.1%, 73.7%,2016, 2017, and 2018 respectively. The prevalence of Hypertension was 10.71%. Nosignificant gender difference in the prevalence of Hypertension (6.94% males to 3.77%females, p=0.097). The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was 10.67%. There was nosignificant gender prevalence (6.67% males to 4.00% females, p =0.431)Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease remains relatively uncommon in Sub-SaharanAfrica, despite an increasing prevalence of risk factors, but it’s incidence is rising.Steps should be taken in Sub-Saharan Africa to prevent an epidemic. This involvesdetailed and regular screening for cardiovascular risk factors in rural communities.Key words: RISK FACTORS, Cardio vascular disease, South South Nigeria.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CERVICAL SAGITTAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Kaio Rodrigo Barreto Ramiro ◽  
Sylvio Mystro Neto ◽  
Ivan Guidolin Veiga ◽  
André Frazão Rosa ◽  
Mauricio Coelho Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thoracic Inlet ◽  
Sagittal Parameters

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the cervical sagittal parameters of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and compare them with the parameters obtained from healthy patients in a sample of the Brazilian population. Methods: Epidemiological data were collected and 72 radiographs of the cervical spine in the sagittal plane were evaluated by measuring the cervical sagittal parameters COG-C7 (distance measured between the center of gravity of the head and the C7 plumb line -cranial offset), C2-C7 lordosis (vertebrae from C2 to C7), T1S (T1 slope), TIA (thoracic inlet angle) and NT (neck tilt). Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s t and chi-square tests. Results: The TIA and NT values in the RA group were 88.8° ± 12.6° and 54.5° ± 9.3°, respectively, while for the control group, they were 77.7° ± 7.9° and 50.5° ± 7.7°, respectively, the RA group values being statistically higher than the control group values (p <0.001 and p = 0.050, respectively). The values obtained for COG-C7, C2-C7 lordosis and T1S for the RA group were 9.4 ± 16.4mm, 25° ± 22.4° and 2.6° ± 10.1°, respectively, while for the control group they were 11.8 ± 17.6mm, 26.8° ± 12.5° and 30.9° ± 8.4°, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with RA present changes in the thoracic inlet parameters as compared to the control group, with a statistically significant increase in the TIA and NT values, outlining a characteristic compensatory pattern for maintaining cervical sagittal balance. Level of evidence III; Controlled cross-sectional study.

Contraception and fertility counseling in patients receiving chemotherapy.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23055-e23055
Author(s):  
Alexa Calfee ◽  
Taylor Hasley ◽  
Laura Becca Daily ◽  
Todd D. Tillmanns ◽  
Adam ElNaggar
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive History ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Fertility Counseling ◽  
Contraception Counseling

e23055 Background: Cancer care advances allow more patients to pursue fertility. Unfortunately, treatments may have detrimental effects both on fertility and risks to fetus should pregnancy occur. This study examines patient perceptions of fertility and contraception counseling, as well as physician documentation thereof. Methods: After IRB approval, a cross-sectional study was performed identifying men and women, ages 18-50, seen between May 2017 and 2018 with newly diagnosed malignancy. Patients with previous sterilization procedures, a secondary or synchronous cancer, or prior lines of chemotherapy, were excluded. Consented patients received a survey regarding their perception receipt and quality of counseling. Demographic data, including contraception use, reproductive history, and physician documentation were obtained. Differences in receipt of counseling and perception of received counseling were evaluated using chi-square tests. Results: Of 179 patients identified, 53 ultimately participated. Majority were women (75 v 25%). Counseling documentation for contraception and fertility occurred in 5% and 32% of charts, respectively. Though 42% and 49% perceived receipt, respectively. Of those receiving counseling, it was perceived as sufficient by 64% regarding contraception and 72% regarding fertility. Race, gender, and reproductive history were not found to be associated to whether patients perceived counseling on contraception (p > 0.1). Men were more likely than women to be perceive counseling regarding fertility (85 v 43%, p = 0.010). However, both felt fertility counseling to be sufficient with similar rates of documentation. Caucasians were more likely to perceive receipt of fertility counseling and to perceive it to be sufficient, then African Americans (68 v 29% and 70 v 40%, respectively) at same rate of documentation (35%). Conclusions: Significant discrepancies in perception of contraception and fertility counseling were seen, though documentation rates were similar across all groups examined. Despite equal rates of physician documentation, gender and race were important factors for the perception of fertility counseling, while race was a factor to quality of perceived counseling.

scholarly journals Specific Treatment Exists for SARS-CoV-2 ARDS

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Badar Kanwar ◽  
Chul Joong Lee ◽  
Jong-Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Death ◽  
1918 Influenza

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), seems to be difficult to overcome. A pandemic of such a scale has not been seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Although the predominant clinical presentation is respiratory disease, neurological manifestations and sequelae are increasingly being recognized. We observed a case series of rapid recovery of ARDS within 24 h in the preliminary clinical features of COVID-19 ARDS-associated neurological disease. It was also noted that by 15 April, 2021, there was no SARS-CoV-2 ARDS on Sorok Island in South Korea, where lepers had been living together. We compared each of dapsone’s effects on humans and considered those of SARS-CoV-2. Dapsone showed different effects in the brain. The Sorokdo National Hospital reported a relationship between dapsone and the neuroinflammasome of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Sorok Island from January 2005 to June 2020. AD prevalence was low in the leprosy patient group who took dapsone regularly. The preliminary cross-sectional study of the trial group (22 subjects) and the control group (22 subjects) in the Hunt Regional Hospital reported the following results: The chi-square statistic is 5.1836. The p-value is 0.022801. The result is considered significant at p < 0.05. The results from the medical treatment from 21 December to 29 December 2020 were considered. The mortality rates at the ARDS onset stage were 0% with dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment and 40% without dapsone administered as a standard COVID-19 treatment, respectively. Based on the respiratory failure and sudden high death rate originating from the involvement of the brainstem, especially the pre-Bötzinger complex, dapsone can be used to significantly reduce the incidence of the cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses caused by SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Impact of HIV Infection and Zidovudine Therapy on RBC Parameters and Urine Methylmalonic Acid Levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewumi Adediran ◽  
Vincent Osunkalu ◽  
Tamunomieibi Wakama ◽  
Sarah John-Olabode ◽  
Akinsegun Akinbami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Zidovudine Therapy ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background. Anaemia is a common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of HIV infection and zidovudine on red blood cells (RBC) parameters and urine methylmalonic acid (UMMA) levels in patients with HIV infection.Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study involving 114 subjects, 94 of which are HIV-infected nonanaemic and 20 HIV negative subjects (Cg) as control. Full blood count parameters and urine methylmalonic acid (UMMA) level of each subject were determined. Associations were determined by Chi-square test and logistic regression statistics where appropriate.Results. Subjects on zidovudine-based ART had mean MCV (93 fL) higher than that of control group (82.9 fL) and ART-naïve (85.9 fL) subjects and the highest mean RDW. Mean UMMA level, which reflects vitamin B12 level status, was high in all HIV-infected groups but was significantly higher in ART-naïve subjects than in ART-experienced subjects.Conclusion. Although non-zidovudine therapy may be associated with macrocytosis (MCV > 95 fL), zidovudine therapy and ART naivety may not. Suboptimal level of vitamin B12 as measured by high UMMA though highest in ART-naïve subjects was common in all HIV-infected subjects.

scholarly journals Rural Social Participation through Osekkai during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5924
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Ohta ◽  
Akiko Yata ◽  
Yuki Arakawa ◽  
Koichi Maiguma ◽  
Chiaki Sano
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Process Outcomes ◽  
High Social Support

We investigated the effects of enabling Osekkai, the traditional Japanese behavior of creating a helping culture, on social participation among rural people in rebuilding social connections that can be vital during the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The subjects of this cross-sectional study were people interested in the Osekkai conference (control group) and those actively involved in Osekkai activities (exposure group). The primary outcome of social participation was measured as the frequency of meeting and the number of friends or acquaintances. The demographic data of the participants and process outcomes were measured using a questionnaire provided to all 287 registered participants. The effective response rate was 64.5% (185 responses). The involvement in Osekkai conferences was statistically associated with a high frequency and number of meetings with friends or acquaintances (p < 0.001 and 0.048, respectively). A health check was significantly associated with the number of friends or acquaintances met in the previous month, while high social support was significantly associated with loneliness. Thus, we confirm that Osekkai contributes to high social participation, although we see no relationship with loneliness. Future studies should investigate this cause-and-effect relationship and promote culturally sensitive activities to improve social and health outcomes in rural Japan.

scholarly journals Demographic factors and turnover intentions of teachers’ in public secondary schools in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-374
Author(s):  
Onesmus Kamau ◽  
Stephen Muathe ◽  
Lawrence Wainaina
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study aims to investigate the effect of demographic factors on the turnover intentions of teachers in public secondary schools in Murang’a county Kenya. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: To investigate the association between age and education and turnover intentions; to establish the association between gender and turnover intentions; to determine the association between tenure and turnover intentions and to establish the association between educational level and turnover intentions. The study was guided by the Social exchange and Organization equilibrium theories.  This study was a cross-sectional study and adopted descriptive and explanatory research designs. The target population was 3752 Teachers Service Commission (TSC) teachers in 304 public secondary schools in Murang’a county Kenya.  The study thus used multi-stage random to select a sample size of 400 teachers and 40 schools. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data. Data were analyzed using cross-tabulation and Pearson Chi-square statistics.   The study findings indicated that age has a significant association with turnover intentions while employee tenure, gender, and educational level have no significant association with turnover intentions.

scholarly journals A Study to Assess the Anxiety Level among People Residing in Various Parts of Assam during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Namita Chetri ◽  
June Chiring
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

COVID-19 pandemic is seen to create a panic situation among the people, keeping mental health at stake. Therefore monitoring the mental health during such crisis is an immediate priority. The purpose of this study was to assess the anxiety level among people residing in various parts of Assam during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of the study is to find the level of anxiety among the people and also to find the association between the demographic data. A total of 150 people living in Assam participated in this cross-sectional web-based study. A standardized anxiety related questions based on (coronavirus anxiety scale) was generated using the Google Form, and the link was shared through social media-whatsapp. Data collection was done within 5 days by the google form. The result was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Among 150 people 43.3% is the highest who have mild anxiety, 12.7% have moderate anxiety, 3.3% have severe anxiety and 40.7% have no anxiety. The chi square indicates that there is a significant relationship between anxiety and age of the respondents (chi-square with 3 degree of freedom = 33.3946, p<0.05*) and the age group of 25-34 years have the highest level of anxiety. It is expected that both the government and the people together can fix this pandemic and reduce the anxiety level. Keywords: COVID-19; Anxiety; pandemic; cross-sectional web –based study; coronavirus anxiety scale; mental health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document