scholarly journals Norway’s Development Assistance Policy: Legal Framework, Conceptual Ground and Current Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 93-109
Author(s):  
Iryna Lukianova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
High Scientific Level ◽  
Score Result

Goal – the goal of the present article is to put into perspective the conceptual framework of Norway’s development assistance policy. It argues that the Norwegian approach to development assistance stems from the welfare-state ideology, the position of moralism and the humane internationalism formed due to Norway’s identity as a small state. In this vein, Norway regards development assistance as a crucial way to promote its socio-political values and maintain international stability. Being one of the most generous donors of ODA in proportion to the size of its economy, Norway demonstrates its readiness to have a moral responsibility for the global common good. Research methodology – the methods used in the article are external research of offi cial documents and reports of Norwegian governmental agencies and international organizations, as well as historical analysis of key pillars and trends of Norwegian development assistance. Score/result – the article is distinguished by a high scientific level. Originality/value – the article represents the original complex approach to the pro blem of Norwegian development assistance providing substantial analysis of its legal framework and conceptual ground.

Movies Without Mercy: Race, War, and Images of Japanese People in American Films, 1942-1945

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-36
Author(s):  
Wang Xiaofei
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Power Struggle ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
American Films ◽  
Production Code ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Film Studios ◽  
Race War

AbstractHistorian John Dower titles his book War Without Mercy. Similarly, wartime Hollywood showed no mercy when depicting Japanese. Negative portrayals were often based on actual atrocities, but it was racism to demonize an entire people and culture. The story of how politics in Hollywood and Washington, the conduct of war, and international relations shaped and changed film racism involves a much more complex approach than has been practiced to date. Using archives of film studios, the Production Code Administration (PCA), and governmental agencies such as the Office of War Information (OWI), this article traces the power struggle among them and a new racism which emerged after 1941. Filmmakers now projected favorable images of Chinese to distinguish their new allies from the Japanese enemy. OWI struggled to promote a liberal agenda which saw the enemy as world fascism, not the Japanese people. The article analyzes more than two dozen films to trace the complications in three types of wartime screen racism: (1) "Verbal racism," such as derogating words like "Jap." (2) "Physical racism," which dramatized and ridiculed physical characteristics of Japanese people. (3) "Psychological racism," which saw all Japanese people as cruel and treacherous.

scholarly journals A Review of the Canada Petroleum Resources Act and the Canada Oil and Gas Operations Act as the Legal Framework for Future Development in the Northwest Territories

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Raymond E. Quesnel
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Tenure System ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations

This article examines the current core legislation that governs oil and gas activity in Canada's North. While there has been increased industry interest in the Northwest Territories, there has thus far been a lack of actual oil and gas projects against which to measure the efficacy of the current regime in the context of northern development. An historical analysis of the legislative developments indicates that the northern regime formed the basis for the legislative framework now governing east coast megaprojects. The author evaluates the current basis on which rights are granted and recorded, the tenure system, the royalty regime, and the project approval process. He concludes that, while the northern regime is suitable for large scale developments, it may require certain changes to accommodate smaller, more conventional projects likely to be undertaken.

scholarly journals Keeping on employment through workers’ self- management: The case of the Argentinian empresas recuperadas

Sociologija ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-264
Author(s):  
Slobodan Cvejic ◽  
Irena Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Self Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Political Economic

The phenomenon of ERTs in Argentina (Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores) gains popularity from the financial crisis years of 1999-2002. The resulting drastic fall in gross national product, high rates of inflation, increased levels of unemployment, poverty etc., reflected the severe weaknesses and limitations of the neoliberal institutions in Argentina. This phenomenon was also determined by specific historical patterns, such as the state interventionism, a long tradition of trade unionism and workers? struggles as well as a long and extensive tradicion of cooperativism. According to the latest survey, there are more than 300 ERT in Argentina (311), employing over 13.000 workers. (Ruggeri et al 2014). The survey results show that 95% of the ERT are self-organized under the organizational and legal framework of workers? cooperatives. The main objective of this paper is to provide a political economic and social overview of the rise and establishment of ERTs in Argentina over the past two decades. Moreover, the legal and institutional preconditions that significantly encourage, limit, and condition the scope of workers? cooperatives, will be analyzed. In this analysis we will rely on the results of research on ERT that have been done in last 10 years, as well as on historical analysis of legal and institutional framework.

scholarly journals Urban Regeneration as a New Trend in the Development Policy in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Ciesiółka
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Physical Planning ◽  
Significant Element ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Regeneration of degraded areas takes an important position in the Polish development policy. It is included in the legal framework resulting from the Regeneration Act and the Physical Planning and Spatial Development Act. It constitutes a significant element in the programming of socio-economic and spatial development. This is largely thanks to the EU funds which are the basis for financing the projects and programmes for regeneration. In the country’s development policy a complex approach to regeneration is promoted, manifested by the concentration of activities in the most neglected areas, integrated activities carried out with a broad social participation which will be continuously monitored and evaluated on this basis. The Polish model of regeneration, formulated in such a way, gives hope for the elimination of critical situations in cities and communes.

scholarly journals The main trends in the development of public-private partnership in the field of education in historical retrospective

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Natalia Simachkova ◽  
Oksana Trotsenko ◽  
Sergey Slukin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Further Development

The growing interest to public-private partnership (hereinafter PPP) projects in the field of education in the conditions that lead to more intensive social and economic development of Russia is the basis for studying domestic and global historical experience in this issue. The article examines the main trends of the PPP development in education through the prism of historical retrospective. On the basis of the analysis of the historiography and modern scientific opinions in the study of the formation and development of PPP in the field of education, researchers formed their understanding regarding this issue in the historical past and in modern socio-economic space of Russia. The historical analysis allows determining the main milestones in the emergence and further development of various forms of interaction between the state, business and education. The conclusions, to which the authors came, allow identifying the main trends and characteristic features of public-private partnership in the sphere of education. The purpose is to define basic directions of the PPP development through the prism of historical retrospective and analysis of contemporary scientific opinions. Methodology of the work: retrospective, systemic and comparative methods were used in the paper. Results: the research of historical experience in the development of PPP in education in Russia was carried out. The latest scientific opinions regarding this issue were analyzed that allowed identifying current trends in the development of PPP in education.

scholarly journals Judicial review and the future of UK development assistance: On the Application of O v Secretary of State for International Development (2014)

Legal Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-335
Author(s):  
John Harrington ◽  
Ambreena Manji
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
National Income ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Development Spending ◽  
Accountability Gap ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn this paper we explore a case for judicial review brought against the Secretary of State for International Development by an Ethiopian national, Mr O. The claimant alleged that the Department for International Development (DfID) had failed adequately to assess evidence of human rights violations in Ethiopia to which funds provided by DfID had contributed. Warby J ruled that the claim merited a full hearing. DfID is unaccustomed to judicial review: the O case is the first time since the 1995 Pergau Dam case that UK development aid has been reviewed by the courts. We study Warby J's judgment and its implications for accountabiity for aid decisions. We argue that both the wider context for aid and the legal framework governing development assistance have changed significantly in the 20 or so years since Pergau. In particular, we show that despite the UK's new legal commitment, made in 2015, to spend 0.7% of gross national income (GNI) on official development assistance, the existing mechanisms for scrutinising aid decisions are inadequate. We argue that there is an accountability gap in relation to the UK's now considerable development spending and explore the role of judicial review in this context.

FOOD STANDARDS AND CONTROLS IN CANADA1

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 392-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Kempa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Organization And Administration ◽  
Food Protection ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Consumer Demands

The organization and administration of food controls in Canada are reviewed briefly. Because of increasing consumer demands in recent years, more attention is being given to food protection by the Federal, Provincial, and Municipal Governmental Agencies and by the voluntary associations. There are relatively few microbiological standards established. A number of unpublished microbiological standards are used as guidelines in enforcement programmes. Current trends are to transfer more responsibility to the food industry to develop their own quality assurance programmes and compliance.

scholarly journals Analysis and Сlassifiсatiоn оf the Main Faсtоrs Determining Mоdern Internatiоnal Connections оf Regiоns оf States

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 270-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim I. Kоlykhalоv
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Ethnic Factors

Intrоduсtiоn. International connections of regions are a dynamic category that is influenced by a whole range of factors related to the geopolitical position of the country, its ethnic composition, and the current political situation in the world. Therefore, the study of this issue is of considerable relevance. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and classify the factors that determine the modern international connections of regions of states. Materials and Methods. Modern works by leading scientists and the current legal framework in the field of international connections of regions of states were used as materials of the study. The systematic analysis, structural and functional analysis, specific historical analysis as well as political and legal analysis formed the methodological basis. Results. The author has analyzed the factors determining the modern international connections of regions of states, compiled a classification of these factors. The main groups of factors determining the international connections of regions of states have been identified: the form of government and features of the implementation of regional powers in international cooperation, geopolitical factors, factors of socio-economic development, factors of special types of regions of states in international cooperation, confessional factors, and ethnic factors. Based on the modern scientific knowledge and the relevant legal framework, it has been identified that the form of government structure determines the powers of regions in international cooperation and is a major factor in the international connections of regions. Discussion and Conclusion. Analysis and classification of the factors determining the modern international connections of regions of states make it possible to contribute to the assessment of the current state of Russia’s international connections. The results of the study can be used by the relevant authorities when determining new areas of development of international connections of Russia’s regions.

scholarly journals Submissão de Documentos e Informações Comerciais a Autoridades Estrangeiras: o Regime Jurídico do art. 181 da CRFB/88 e as Leis de Bloqueio

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Fernandes Dias
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Mutual Legal Assistance ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Theoretical Issues

SUBMISSÃO DE DOCUMENTOS E INFORMAÇÕES COMERCIAIS A AUTORIDADES ESTRANGEIRAS: O REGIME JURÍDICO DO ART. 181 DA CRFB/88 E AS LEIS DE BLOQUEIO SUBMISSION OF COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS AND DATA TO FOREIGN AUTHORITIES: THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF ARTICLE 181 OF CFRB/88 AND THE BLOCKING STATUTES Bruno Fernandes Dias* RESUMO: Este estudo objetiva examinar as questões práticas e teóricas relacionadas ao art. 181 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 – CRFB/88. Inicialmente, são registradas algumas tendências atuais sobre o armazenamento de informações comerciais por parte de empresas e o panorama geral em que diferentes jurisdições podem interagir nessa matéria. Posteriormente, as circunstâncias de aplicação do art. 181 da CRFB/88 são examinadas, com destaque para os principais desdobramentos do procedimento de origem de requisição de dados por parte de autoridades estrangeiras. Na sequência, o art. 181 é cotejado com os institutos tradicionais da cooperação jurídica internacional, a saber: a homologação de sentenças estrangeiras, as cartas rogatórias e o auxílio direto. Os capítulos seguintes são dedicados, respectivamente, ao exame do art. 181 à luz dos princípios constitucionais da ordem econômica e financeira; e ao estudo dos núcleos conceituais existentes no dispositivo. Em seguida, são examinadas algumas leis de bloqueio no cenário internacional, para, ao final, serem apresentadas as colocações conclusivas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cooperação Jurídica Internacional. Leis de bloqueio. Dados comerciais. ABSTRACT: This paper aims at examining the practical and theoretical issues related to article 181 of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, of 1988 – CFRB/88. Initially, one comments current trends on the storing of commercial data by companies and the general landscape whereby different jurisdictions interact in this regard. Thereupon, the circumstances of application of article 181 of CFRB/88 are examined and one delves into the main developments of the procedure by which data is requested by a foreign authority. Additionally, article 181 is compared to the traditional tools of international legal cooperation, to wit: recognition of foreign judgments, letters rogatory and mutual legal assistance. The following chapters concern, respectively, the analysis of article 181 in light of the constitutional principles of the financial and economic order, and the study of the conceptual cores of the article. International blocking statutes are then assessed and, finally, the concluding remarks are presented. KEYWORDS: International Legal Cooperation. Blocking Statutes.; Commercial Data. SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1. Circunstâncias de aplicação do art. 181 da CRFB/88. 2. A cooperação jurídica internacional e o art. 181 da CRFB/88. 3. A ordem econômica e financeira e o art. 181 da CRFB/88. 4. Núcleos conceituais do art. 181 da CRFB/88. 5. Breves notas sobre o cenário internacional. Considerações finais. Referências.* Mestre em Direito Internacional pela Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e Procurador do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

scholarly journals Idea of common good (el bien general) in the series of etchings “The Disasters of War” (“Los Desastres de la Guerra”) by Francisco Goya (based on the Bohdan and Varvara Khanenko Museum of Art funds)

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Illia Levchenko ◽  
Oleksandra Kotliar ◽  
Stefaniia Demchuk
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
Text And Image ◽  
Double Numbers ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
French Enlightenment ◽  
Francisco Goya ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis

The ideas of the Enlightenment (first of all the French, with the most famous of its representatives – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu and François-Marie Arouet Voltaire) not only influenced the political sphere of the Eighteenth century but also art. Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828) was directly convinced by these ideas: he took a passive part in the Napoleonic wars and was a friend of the prominent representatives of the Spanish Enlightenment. The study aims at analyzing interactions between text and image in the series of etchings of F. Goya “The Disasters of War” and the reception of the idea of «common good» in the etching 71 “Against the common good”. We have chosen several theoretical and methodological tools to deal with narrative and visual sources. Hermeneutics and semiotics belong to the specific methods used in the process of analysis of engravings. Comprehensive approach is determined by the usage of F. Goya both extraverbial and verbal (double numbers of etchings and artionims, ekfrasis) means. The methodological basis of the study is made up wit the principles of complexity, historicism and scientific character. The main methods were iconographic and iconological; empirical, prosopographical, method of synthetic and analytical source criticism; comparative-historical analysis. Probably, Francisco Goya, who also criticized the contemporary obscurantism in Spain (which is especially reflected in the series of etchings “Los Caprichos”), turned to the ideas of the French enlightenment, which gave rise to possibly unconscious reminiscences and allusions in his work. Thus, we are interested mainly how Goya indirectly or even unconsciously borrowed ideas from the Enlightenment movement, which spread rapidly all over Europe. In this case studying direct borrowings from J.-J. Rousseau’s ideas played only minor role.

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