scholarly journals Socio-Economic and Legal Analysis on Forest Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-504
Author(s):  
Andika Bangun Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Ecological Balance ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Forest Economic ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Economic Function

The protection of forests today is not just a problem is regional (national) but it is a world problem (global). This is related to the function of forests in maintaining ecological balance which also affects the global climate, such as the effect of 'global warming' which can threaten the safety of living things. Nevertheless, reality shows that the economic function of the forest, ie as a source of the eye livelihood for a group of people, as a means of accumulation capital (capital) for entrepreneurs (capitalist), and as a source of foreign exchange for countries, often defeating forest functions in maintaining equilibrium ecological (including global climate). The continued pressure of population increased is one of the factors that contribute to accelerating forest destruction. This is due to the need for more land and more building materials, both for settlement and land for activities farming, and materials for new buildings. Utilization excessive forest economic functions by a human (forest exploitation) without caring about ecological balance can be catastrophic for humans themselves, and require far-reaching economic and social costs greater than the economic results that have been obtained.

scholarly journals Legal regulation of price formation in Mengjiang in the context of economic function of the Mongolian Statehood: a historical-legal overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Pavel Nikolaevich Dudin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Price Formation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Economic Function

The object of this article is legal regulation of the economic policy of Japan in the occupied territories of Northeast China. The subject of this research is the legal mechanism for regulating price formation in Inner Mongolia during the existence of Mengjiang State. Based on the fact that the Japanese side sought to ensure that the new political unit, i.e. the State of Mengjiang would formally comply with the attributes of an independent state, the author infers the substantive part from the economic function of the state. The goal of the article consists in carrying out a historical-legal analysis of the legal regulation of price formation in Mengjiang. The author sets the task to give characteristics to the normative legal acts of Mengjiang that pertain to price formation; reveal their meaning, content, as well as the legal and social consequences of their application. The author concludes on the effectiveness of legal instruments of economic policy implemented for controlling price formation, with reservation that the military and economic efficiency should not be confused with social and humanitarian efficiency, as it was practiced by the Mengjiang government. The author’s special contribution consists in reconstruction of the legal instruments for economic management of a large region in East Asia, as well as in updating the existing information with new facts. The scientific novelty lies in introduction into the scientific discourse of new data that was previously unknown to a broad array of researchers.

scholarly journals PREREVOLUTIONARY PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION AGAINST CRIME IN THE FIELD OF FOREST FUND

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Dmytro Sinyushko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Times

The article, based on historical and legal analysis, examines the evolutionary development of criminal law support for combating crime in the field of forest resources in modern Ukraine. The author identifies trends in the historical and legal development of criminal law counteraction to forest violations in Ukraine, which were associated with the peculiarities of land ownership, political and socio-economic status of society. The study found that criminal law counteraction to forest violations in independent Ukraine is characterized by the search for an effective model, which should largely include historical experience. Generalizations were made, recommendations were given to improve the fight against crimes in the field of forest resources. The study of historical and legal literature makes it possible to conclude that the history of Ukrainian criminal law in the field of forest protection covers three chronological periods: the first period (pre-revolutionary) – from the times of «Ruska Pravda» and until 1917; second period (Soviet) – from 1917 to 1991; third period (post-Soviet) – since 1991. It is important to note that natural conditions have developed so that the boundary between the forest and the steppe was not clearly expressed. The location of settlements has solved a number of important issues. First, the forest served as an object of crafts, hunting, boarding. Secondly, the trees were cut down, cocturns for expansion of agricultural areas, pastures for grazing livestock, meadows for harvesting hay. Thirdly, in the woods could always be hiding from raids of nomads. So іn addition, can conclude that the historical experience of the formulation of norms regulating the responsibility for criminal offices is now relevant: by introducing in the norm of such elements, which maximally motivate the foresters to hold from criminal encroachments and cause moral condemnation of such acts; use of stimulating the rails to conscientious forest use, even in the case of committing a violation, by reporting it and the inclusion of an enhanced punishment for concealing such a violation; by differentiation of responsibility, depending on the degree of fire hazard in forests; introduction to the signs of a crime committed by destroying or damaging forest plantations, the location of such acts near settlements.

The Legal Regime of the Technologies and Products Obtained Using GMOs: Discussion Questions

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
Alexey Anisimov ◽  
◽  
Olga Popova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
World Market ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The World

Introduction: the paper examines the problems associated with the definition of the legal regime of the technologies and products obtained using GMOs. The experts in the field of genetics have not yet come to an unambiguous conclusion about the degree of harm or benefit of products obtained using genetic modifications. Russia has strict restrictive measures for the production of genetically modified products. Consequently, there is virtually no market for genetically modified seeds produced in Russia. Nevertheless, the world is actively developing industries for the production of genetically modified agricultural products, and the market for the production of seeds is “captured” by a small number of foreign companies. On the other hand, climate change dictates the inevitability of using genetically modified products, the need to accelerate genetic research, and the production of GMO seeds and food. In this context, the authors set a goal to find a compromise (balanced) legal regulation of the legal regime of the technologies and products obtained using GMOs. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the formal-legal method and the method of comparative legal analysis are the leading positions. Results: the authors propose to consider the bans or support for GMO products in the context of trends in global climate change and ensuring food security. The authors have made a comparative analysis of the provisions of the international norms and the Russian legislation on the research and application of GMO technologies and products, which helped to identify an unbalanced legal regulation of the use of the GMO technologies in Russia, which reduces its competitiveness in this area on the world market. Conclusions: the Russian legislation needs to minimize this legal imbalance, which puts researchers in the field of plant genetics and producers of GMO seeds and food in unequal (worse) conditions. The legal regulation should ensure the coexistence of organic (environmentally friendly) agriculture, traditional agriculture, and the use of the GMO technologies; the introduction of special labeling of GMO products; the broadening of the powers of regional authorities in the use of GMO technologies; as well as the application of the principle of “traceability” to GMO products.

Historic building materials from Alhambra: Nanoparticles and global climate change effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 751-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos L.S. Oliveira ◽  
Carolina Dario ◽  
Bernardo F. Tutikian ◽  
Hinoel Z. Ehrenbring ◽  
Caliane C.O. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
Climate Change Effects

The Interpretation and Inheritance of Green Local Building Material System in Modern Architecture - Case Study of Century Fishing Village Eelgrass Cottage Resort in Dayu Island, Shidao Bay, Jiaodong Peninsula

2018 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Ying Ding ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Material System ◽  
Fishing Village ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
New Buildings

Dayu island sea cottage is the most typical carrier of the fish culture in the coastal area of Jiaodong. In recent years, economic development, changes in fishermen's living habits led to a the dismantling of a large number of traditional sea cottages and gradual disappearing of unique Dayu island building materials system comprising of eelgrass roof, local granite stone wall and soil kang chimney. In order to protect the local cultural characteristics so they can be passed down, the paper sorted out the original traditional eelgrass cottage building material system. The project of Century Fishing Village Eelgrass Cottage Resort represents experimentation and innovation on the original material system, forming a novel construction material system. Such a system not only satisfies the requirement of new buildings on thermal insulation, energy and space conservation, but also enhances safety and resistance to wind, erosion. The wide adoption of the new material system in new buildings enhances the technique of integrating traditional construction materials and modern architecture in both form and function, making it an ideal design strategy.

“Cement-Free Product” for Settlement of Ceramic Tiles: An Approach for Greener Construction

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 403-408
Author(s):  
Otávio Luiz do Nascimento ◽  
Alexandra Ancelmo Piscitelli Mansur ◽  
Herman Sander Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Free Product ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
The Impact

Increased public awareness of the threats posed by global warming has led to greater concern over the impact of anthropogenic carbon emissions on the global climate associated with the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Hence, without radical market, technological, and cultural changes, the CO2 concentrations are expected to rise to unbearable levels within just few decades ahead. The production of cement is estimated to be responsible for approximately 5% of the global carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, aiming for creating a more sustainable world, engineers and scientists must develop and put into use greener building materials that may revolutionize the entire construction industry. This study presents an innovative product for settlement of ceramic tiles as a potential alternative for replacing the conventional cement based mortar in some specific building applications. Essentially, the novel system is based on a double face polymer-adhesive sheet (“cement-free product”). Thus, the main goal was to evaluate the performance and estimate the durability of the developed system. Pull-off tests were conducted in order to compare this new system to the traditional one, with polymer modified mortar, under different procedures and conditions of cure. In addition, both systems were modeled using Finite Element Method (FEM) to obtain the stresses at the interface between ceramic-tile and adhesive. Based on the results, the recommended limits of bond strength for the innovative “cement-free product” of ceramic tile installation could be lower than those specifications used for the equivalent mortar systems. Therefore, these results give some preliminary evidence that by using the new “cement-free” product for ceramic-tile installation may lead to some increase in the productivity and, more important, in the sustainability of a relevant sector of the construction industry.

Low Embodied Energy Sustainable Building Materials and Technologies

2015 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
P.S. Chani ◽  
Rajesh Deoliya
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
The World ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Sustainable Building Materials

Construction industry is one of the largest consumers of the natural resources and responsible for substantial amount of CO2emission in the world. The purpose of this paper is to carry out comprehensive literature review on the low embodied energy materials and techniques used in the existing and / or new buildings in India. The paper also compares the conventional building materials and techniques, with alternative ones to assess their superiority. An investigation into the energy consumed by the building materials and techniques is computed to find out the embodied energy requirements to prove superiority of innovative construction techniques over traditional materials.

scholarly journals Legal protection of forests in Kievan Rus

Legal Ukraine ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Yurkevich
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Feudal Society ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
Ancient Monument ◽  
Organizational Principles

The article considers the issues of legislative regulation in the ancient monument of law – Ruska Pravda, issues of forest protection in the territory of Kievan Rus, in order to form a general comprehensive concept of forest protection in Ukraine in different periods of state formation. The relevance of the study is justified by the change of economic, political, social and legal development of Ukraine, which influenced the transition from the monistic paradigm of legal reality research methodology to the pluralism of research paradigms and allows a new assessment of development of forest protection norms on the territory of Ukraine. The most important factors that led to the formation of forest protection legislation of Kievan Rus are highlighted. A comparative legal analysis of the Short and Spatial editions of Russkaya Pravda was carried out. It is established that the Spatial edition differs from the Short edition by a larger number of articles on the protection of forestry, which is due to the process of formation of feudal society and the need for more detailed regulation of property rights. The features of this monument of law, which distinguished it from the legal acts created in subsequent periods, are indicated. Attention is drawn to the enshrinement in Russkaya Pravda of the norms of customary law, according to which «what is given by nature belongs to the whole society». Therefore, deforestation was not prohibited, but liability for theft of firewood was imposed by imposing a fine of 9 kunas, and for each cart with firewood – 2 kunas separately, while the law regulated fishing related to forests. The system of fines provided by Ruska Pravda for offenses related to forestry is described. Organizational principles of forest protection in Kievan Rus are considered. It is established that in this period there were no special organizational structures in this area and that law and order in the forests was provided by princely warriors with the participation of hunters. Key words: «Russian Law», Kievan Rus, forest protection, forestry, liability for violation of forest protection norms, theft, fine.

scholarly journals Recycling of construction and demolition waste during renovation of territories and pavements of large cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitali Chulkov ◽  
Bakhruz Nazirov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City ◽  
New Buildings

In the process of urbanization of large cities in different countries, there are similar problems of reorganization, involving the demolition of physically and morally obsolete buildings and structures, as well as the subsequent construction reorganization of the territories vacated or re-cut to the city. In the process of demolition of obsolete buildings and structures, as well as the construction of new buildings, inevitably significant amounts of waste and construction debris arise that should be recycled as much as possible into secondary building materials (to carry out the so-called «recycling» of waste). Types of construction reorganization of urban areas are divided into traditional, widely known and standardized (repair, reconstruction, restoration), and innovative, arising in the processes of reorganization of society. Among the innovative types of construction reorganization, renovation is currently the most relevant, meeting the need to renovate the dilapidated housing stock of cities. The article discusses the main types of construction waste generated during demolition and new construction, as well as the technologies used for recycling these wastes during the renovation of territories and pavements of large cities.

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