scholarly journals DILEMA KEBERADAAN SEKTOR INFORMAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartati Sulistyo Rini
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Safety Valve ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The City

Sebagai sistem ekonomi alternatif, keberadaan sektor informal mengundang pro dan kontra. Peranannya yang signifikan sebagai katup pengaman ekonomi nasional belum diimbangi dengan proteksi atau perlindungan dari pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membahas peran sektor informal dalam mengatasi masalah sosial ekonomi masyarakat dan dilema yang dialami oleh sektor informal dalam menjalankan perannya tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat peran sektor informal pada bidang ketenagakerjaan dan penyerapan angka pengangguran. Sektor formal dianggap tidak mampu menyediakan kesempatan kerja untuk seluruh lapisan masyarakat, apalagi mereka yang ada pada posisi marjinal. Pada beberapa kasus-khususnya yang berhubungan dengan sektor informal perkotaan perlakuan dan kebijakan negara menjadi sangat diskriminatif karena seringkali berhadapan dengan kebijakan negara yang bahkan berakhir dengan kekerasan.  Perlindungan terhadap sektor informal salah satunya adalah pada pedagang kaki lima di Surakarta.  Kota ini menjadi contoh representatif dalam pengorganisasian kepentingan  pemerintah  dan pedagang kaki lima. Ini dapat menjadi inspirasi positif bagi penanganan sektor informal di tempat yang lain untuk memperluas lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan sosial. As an alternative economic system, the existence of informal sector invites pros and cons. The significant role of informal sector as a safety valve of the national economy has not been matched by government with the protection or support The objective of this study is to discuss the role of the informal sector in addressing social and economic issues, and the dilemma faced by the informal sector in carrying out this role. The results of this study shows that there is an important role of the informal sector in the field of employment and unemployment absorption. The formal sector is not considered able to provide job opportunities to all levels of society, especially those in marginal positions. In some cases, particularly with regard to the urban informal sector-treatment and state policy became very discriminatory because often faced with state policies and even lead to violence. The protection of the informal sector one is on street vendors in Surakarta. The city is become representative example in organizing between the government’s interest and street vendors. It can be a positive inspiration for handling informal sector in other places to expand employment opportunities for the community and increase social welfare.

scholarly journals Experiências Urbanas: Migrantes e Modos de Viver e Trabalhar na Periferia de Campina Grande na Década de 1960 * Urban Experiences: Migrants and Ways of Living and Working in the Outskirts of Campina Grande in the 1960s

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
HILMARIA XAVIER DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Resumo:</strong> A partir do final da década de 1940 e início de 1950, Campina Grande passa por uma significativa urbanização e expansão, favorecida pelo crescimento econômico. Observamos que trabalhadores do campo migraram da zona rural para a zona urbana de Campina Grande à medida que o trabalho na lavoura estava se tornando inviável em razão das secas e viam no centro urbano de Campina possibilidades outras de trabalhar e ter condições de vida mais dignas. Nosso trabalho intenta refletir sobre como alguns populares migraram para Campina Grande no fim da década de 1950 e década de 1960, modificando suas práticas no mundo do trabalho e alterando as características da malha urbana, já que, concentrando-se na periferia, homens e mulheres outrora lavradores passaram agora a desempenhar funções de vigilantes, pedreiros, lavadeiras, vendedores ambulantes, carroceiros, quebradores de pedra, dentre outras.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Migração, Campina Grande, Trabalho.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Campina Grande undergoes a significant urbanization and expansion, favored by economic growth. We observed that rural workers migrated from rural to urban area in Campina Grande in so far as the farming activity was becoming unviable due to droughts and they could see, in the urban center of Campina, other possibilities of working and worthier life conditions. Our work attempts to reflect on how some popular migrated to Campina Grande in the late 1950s and 1960s, changing their practices in the workplace and changing the characteristics of the city, because massing in the periphery, men and women who were ploughpeople in past, have now the role of watchers, bricklayers, washerwomen, street vendors, cart drivers, stone breakers, among others.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Migration – Campina Grande – Work.</p>

scholarly journals Role of Social Capital on Prospering Informal sector Enterprise (Case of Street Vendors in street market Dewi Sartika, Bogor)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedy Yahya Harahap ◽  
Ivanovich Agusta
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Spearman Rank

PERAN MODAL SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PENGUSAHA SEKTOR INFORMAL (Kasus Pengusaha Sektor Informal di Pasar Jl. Dewi Sartika, Bogor)Goal of the study was to test contribution social capital on migration, of the informal sector, social capital education entrepreneurs to improve informal sector entrepreneurs. The research conducts quantitative approach by survey methods and supported by qualitative data. The results showed assosiation between social capital and informal entrepreneur’s welfare. Spearman rank test between social anf welfare showed -0.480. That indicated inverse relationship among them. Spearman rank test between social capital on imigration and welfare showed 0.723. That indicate positive relationship between them. Spearman rank test between social capital an education and welfare showed 1.000. That indicated fully positive relationship between them.Keywords : Welfare, Social Capital, Informal Sector.---------------------ABSTRAK Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menguji kontribusi modal sosial pekerja pengusaha sektor informal, modal sosial migrasi sektor informal, modal sosial pendidikan pengusaha sektor informal dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pengusaha sektor informal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey didukung dengan data kualitatif berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, peran modal sosial terhadap kesejahteraan berhubungan nyata. Uji kolerasi rank spearman menunjukkan bahwa hubungan pengusaha sektor informal dan kesejahteraan sebesar -0.480 dan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0.004. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan hubungan kuat namun berdifat negatif. Hubungan modal sosial migrasi pengusaha sektor informal dan kesejahteraan sebesar 0.723 dan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0.000. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat dan bersifat positif antara kedua variabel. Hubungan modal sosial pendidikan pengusaha sektor informal dan kesejahteraan sebesar 1.000 dan nilai probabiliti sebesar 1.000. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat, bersifat positif antara kedua variabel.Kata Kunci : Kesejahteraan, modal sosial, sektor informal.

scholarly journals Amenities, economic opportunities and patterns of migration at the city level in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonglei Yu ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Zhuolin Tao ◽  
Jinshe Liang
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The City

This paper used a bootstrapped linear regression model to examine the role of amenities and economic opportunities in migration patterns in China based on the 2010 census at the city level. The results reveal that striking disparities characterize migration at the city level in China. Most migrants tend to move into several major cities in urban agglomerations in the eastern coastal region and provincial inland capitals. The cities farther away from provincial capitals have weak inflows and even suffer from serious population loss. The results suggest that job opportunities and wages contribute to the uneven pattern of migration in China even as amenities have also become important pull factors of migration. Regarding amenities, migrants prefer to move into cities with warm winters, less-humid summers, clean urban environments and friendly and open social climates. Social services, including facilities for education, recreation and commuting, also play an important role in attracting migrants. Findings from the study improve our understanding of China's internal migration and contribute to the debate on the role of economic opportunities and amenities in migration.

Mexico City street vendors and the stickiness of institutional contexts

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad H. Alvi ◽  
Jorge Alberto Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
International Business ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Rational Expectations ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Micro Level

Purpose The need for a firm’s business strategy to be responsive to the institutional contexts of emerging markets is well-established in the literature. Often, however, strategic responsiveness is impeded by defining institutional contexts as country-level aggregations (macro-level) and glossing over sub-national variations (micro-level). The purpose of this paper is to investigate micro-level contexts that can defy macro-level assumptions of economic rationality. Design/methodology/approach As a research site, the motivations of street vendors in Mexico City are analyzed in terms staying in one sub-national context, the informal sector, as opposed movement to another, the formal sector. Unanticipated reluctance to move from one context to another is defined as stickiness. Findings Sub-national institutional contexts are found to be sticky, with less movement between informal and formal sectors than would have been anticipated. Unexpectedly, it is found that a significant number of street vendors prefer the hardship of the informal sector to the relative security of the formal sector. Research implications International business research makes assumptions about the growth narrative of emerging markets, often characterizing a growing middle class as a rising tide that lifts all boats. In terms of further research on adapting strategy, however, assumptions of rational expectations ought to be tempered, as demonstrated by the stickiness of the informal sector. Originality/value A contribution is made to the international business literature by showing that macro-level assumptions about institutional context based on rational expectations of wealth-maximizing behavior in emerging markets may result in an incomplete view of institutional context. Ultimately, adaptation of strategy could be impaired as a result.

scholarly journals Model Pengembangan Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL) Kuliner di Kota Singkawang

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Jumhur Jumhur
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Financial Infrastructure

Even though small businesses are informal, they should always be fostered and facilitated in order to develop these businesses to be more independent in the future. Not to mention, the role of small businesses are very real, especially in employment and to alleviate poverty in Indonesia. There are several important aspects that have not been paid attention for the success of culinary street vendors, for instances organizational, financial, infrastructure, sanitation, environmental and marketing aspects. The main aim of this paper is to examine these aspects that affect the culinary street vendors which is the based on the development model of culinary street vendors that is going to be built in Singkawang city. The methodology used in this paper is descriptive research by combining quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The findings of this study show that street vendors culinary have role in developing local economy and empowering local people because they are able to employ the labors that cannot be employed in the formal sector. The developed models of street vendors culinary that is going to be implemented in Singkawang are dispersed and concentrated models. 

scholarly journals Problems of Working Women in the Rural Informal Sector of Punjab (Pakistan)

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Karamat Ali ◽  
Abdul Hamid Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The One

The informal sector plays a significant role in Pakistan’s economy as well as in other developing countries. The role of the informal sector in solving the unemployment problem of Third World countries has become the focus of a conceptual and empirical debate in recent years. Most of the research takes a favourable view of this sector and suggests that it should be used as a policy instrument for the solution of the most pressing problems of developing countries, such as unemployment, poverty, income inequalities, etc. Before proceeding further, we will define the informal sector and differentiate it from the formal sector. There are various definitions, but the one given in an ILO report (1972) is generally considered the best. According to this report, informal sector activities are ways of doing things characterised by a heterogeneous array of economic activities with relative ease of entry, reliance on indigenous resources; temporary or variable structure and family ownership of enterprises, small scale of operation, labour intensive and adapted technology, skills acquired outside the formal school system, not depending on formal financial institutions for its credit needs; unregulated and unregistered units, and not observing fixed hours/days of operation.

scholarly journals The role and linkages of buy-back centres in the recycling industry: Pretoria and Bloemfontein (South Africa)

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M.M. Viljoen ◽  
C. J. Schenck ◽  
P. F. Blaauw
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Mixed Method Approach ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Role Players ◽  
Buy Back ◽  
Method Approach

Purpose/objectives: The aim of this paper is to get a better understanding of the role and linkages of buy-back centres (BBCs) in the recycling industry. The first objective is to analyse the institutional profile of the BBCs in two different geographical areas - namely, Pretoria and Bloemfontein. The second objective is to discuss the role and linkages of BBCs with the informal sector activities and specifically the activities of street waste pickers. The third objective is to explain the linkages that exist between BBCs and recycling companies. Problem investigated: Recycling, and specifically the collection and sorting of waste, is currently receiving much attention on the national as well as municipal level. To understand the recycling industry, and to make informed policy decisions concerning the recycling industry, policy makers need to have an understanding of the role and crucial link of all role players in the industry. Knowledge on the BBCs, who act as a link between the formal and informal sector activities in the recycling industry, is of the utmost importance. Design/Methodology/Approach: A mixed method approach consisting of a quantitative survey coupled with qualitative questions was used. The mixed method approach is used to collect as much data as possible from the BBCs, which is beyond the scope of what a structured questionnaire on its own can achieve. A lack of accurate location information on BBCs necessitated an intensive search for BBCs in the two areas. Findings/Implications: The BBCs in Pretoria and Bloemfontein act as an important link between informal sector activities and recycling companies and therefore promote informal and formal job opportunities. Formal job opportunities are created at the BBC sites as well as formal jobs at the upper end of the recycling chain, namely at formal recycling companies. Informal income generating opportunities are created for the informal waste collectors. Any changes in the formal or informal recycling sectors will have a direct influence on the operations and existence of the BBCs. Originality/Value: The role of BBCs in the recycling chain has been neglected in the literature. This study is the first study on the linkages and role of BBCs in South Africa and addresses a gap in the literature. Conclusion: BBCs play an important role in creating formal jobs and informal income generating opportunities for the poor and unemployable. More research is needed to understand the industry and its role players. This study can form a basis for additional research in this field.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Sektor Informal pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kelurahan Sungai Andai Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara Kota Banjarmasin

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Apriati ◽  
Cucu Widaty ◽  
Syahlan Mattiro ◽  
Rahmat Nur
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

This research describes the increase in the informal sector during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sungai Andai Village, North Banjarmasin District, Banjarmasin City. The purpose of this research is to describe the changes regarding the increase in the informal sector during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sungai Andai Village, North Banjarmasin District, Banjarmasin City. The research method used in this research is to use qualitative research method. The research subjects in this study were the community of traders around the red light of Sungai Andai Village, North Banjarmasin District, Banjarmasin City, which was considered sufficiently supportive for the research focus.  To test the validity of the data, interviews were conducted with informants.  The results of the study show that the livelihoods of a number of people selling around the river road have changed due to the Covid-19 outbreak. People's income tends to decline when compared to income before the Covid-19 pandemic era. This is influenced by the decline in people's income, limited abilities and skills, narrow job opportunities in the formal sector, and the impact of layoffs. Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested for the community, especially traders, as informal sector actors to adapt to the social, economic, and cultural conditions that existed during the Covid-19 period.

scholarly journals WARUNG TEGAL: RELASI KAMPUNG MENYANGGA KOTA JAKARTA (Studi Kasus Pada Warung Tegal di Jakarta Timur)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Maflahah Maflahah ◽  
Akhmad Ramdhon
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Big City ◽  
The City

<p>Abstract : Low of skills and education background lead Tegal society was unable to access the economic formal sector in urban areas. Then, they choose the informal sectors such as street vendors, pedicab, and others to get money. Warung Tegal is one of to be a solution to keep them alive in the city. Warung Tegal become one of the solution to address this problem, moreover Warung Tegal is does not need high education and specific skills to do. The purpose of this research is to identified how Warung Tegal as a informal sector can stay and keep growing as high as city’s development to be a buffer the economic of the city. Theory that use in this research is Pierre Bourdieu’s social capital. The method that use in this research is qualitative research. The approach that use is case study and the sampling method is purposive sampling. Warung Tegal can be one of solution that can stay and compete in economic of the city. It prove that Warung Tegal can give a economic welfare to Tegal society. It can be seen that there are a lot of warteg with high persistent, mutual cooperation, and high social capital between warteg seller give a power to each other to stay in the city. Although they live in a long term in Jakarta, but they do not forget their hometown. Aplusan is a chance for them to back to their hometown. Tegal that seen as a village and Jakarta as a big city can make a strong bond between them. The conclution is Warung Tegal as a informal sector give a different point of view of city, not just a city that full of luxury but a city that look through informal sector as economic buffer zone.<br />Keywords : City, informal sector, social capital, village, warung tegal</p><p>Abstrak : Rendahnya keterampilan dan latar belakang pendidikan menyebabkan masyarakat Tegal tidak dapat mengakses sektor formal ekonomi di daerah perkotaan. Kemudian, mereka memilih sektor informal seperti pedagang kaki lima, becak, dan lain-lain untuk mendapatkan uang. Warung Tegal adalah salah satu solusi untuk membuat mereka tetap hidup di kota. Warung Tegal menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi masalah ini, terlebih lagi Warung Tegal tidak membutuhkan pendidikan tinggi dan keterampilan khusus untuk melakukannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana Warung Tegal sebagai sektor informal dapat tetap dan terus tumbuh setinggi perkembangan kota untuk menjadi penyangga ekonomi kota. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah modal sosial Pierre Bourdieu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dan metode pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Warung Tegal dapat menjadi salah satu solusi yang dapat bertahan dan bersaing dalam ekonomi kota. Ini membuktikan bahwa Warung Tegal dapat memberikan kesejahteraan ekonomi bagi masyarakat Tegal. Dapat dilihat bahwa ada banyak warteg dengan persistensi, kerja sama timbal balik, dan modal sosial yang tinggi antara penjual warteg memberikan kekuatan untuk satu sama lain untuk tinggal di kota. Meskipun mereka hidup dalam jangka panjang di Jakarta, tetapi mereka tidak melupakan kampung halaman mereka. Aplusan adalah kesempatan bagi mereka untuk kembali ke kampung halaman mereka. Tegal yang dilihat sebagai desa dan Jakarta sebagai kota besar dapat membuat ikatan yang kuat di antara mereka. Kesimpulannya adalah Warung Tegal sebagai sektor informal memberikan sudut pandang yang berbeda dari kota, bukan hanya kota yang penuh kemewahan tetapi kota yang melihat melalui sektor informal sebagai zona penyangga ekonomi.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Kota, sektor informal, modal sosial, desa, warung tegal</p>

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