scholarly journals Legal Regulation of the Emerald Network: National and Global Aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Bevz

The article is devoted to the definition of the legal nature of the Emerald network, as well as to the issues of the formation of the Emerald Network in the context of Ukraine's international obligations. In particular, the history of the appearance of the term “Emerald Network” in international acts, the criteria and the procedure for designating territories of the Emerald Network is investigated. In addition, the article deals with the problems connected with the legal provision of the formation of the Emerald Network in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the adoption of the relevant legislation is foreseen by the international obligations of Ukraine as a Member State of Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats and Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part. The provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine "On the Territories of the Emerald Network” are analyzed.

Author(s):  
Sharon Pardo

Israeli-European Union (EU) relations have consisted of a number of conflicting trends that have resulted in the emergence of a highly problematic and volatile relationship: one characterized by a strong and ever-increasing network of economic, cultural, and personal ties, yet marked, at the political level, by disappointment, bitterness, and anger. On the one hand, Israel has displayed a genuine desire to strengthen its ties with the EU and to be included as part of the European integration project. On the other hand, Israelis are deeply suspicious of the Union’s policies and are untrusting of the Union’s intentions toward the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and to the Middle East as a whole. As a result, Israel has been determined to minimize the EU’s role in the Middle East peace process (MEPP), and to deny it any direct involvement in the negotiations with the Palestinians. The article summarizes some key developments in Israeli-European Community (EC)/EU relations since 1957: the Israeli (re)turn to Europe in the late 1950s; EC-Israeli economic and trade relations; the 1980 Venice Declaration and the EC/EU involvement in the MEPP; EU-Israeli relations in a regional/Mediterranean context; the question of Israeli settlements’ products entering free of duty to the European Common Market; EU-Israeli relations in the age of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP); the failed attempt to upgrade EU-Israeli relations between the years 2007 and 2014; and the Union’s prohibition on EU funding to Israeli entities beyond the 1967 borders. By discussing the history of this uneasy relationship, the article further offers insights into how the EU is actually judged as a global-normative actor by Israelis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Maria Buck

While in the early days of the European history of culture the Alps were seen as forbidding, since the 1970s environmental activists have used this description, turning it the other way round — now it is the Alps that are increasingly threatened by today’s environmental problems. Noise, air pollution, deforestation and problems relating to ozone depletion threaten the ecologically sensitive Alpine range. The problems affect not just the Alps, but owing to geographical and topographic conditions their consequences are particularly strong here. Thus the Alps constitute a reference framework as well as a point of origin for the thematisation of ecological problems. Defenders of the Alps were especially critical of the claims — or, more openly, designs — of the European Union in the area of transport, tourism and energy. The relations between the Alps and the European Union constituted a unique moment in the discussion of environmental activists. On the one hand they styled the Alps as a model ecological region in contrast to the economy-focused European Union, and on the other the European Union served as a common enemy, which turned the Alps into a political argument in declaring unity of this space. This unity was, according to the defenders of the Alps, important in the context of securing and forcing through the region’s internal needs. To sum up, the Alps were presented as a place where various, partly opposing, economic, ecological and political interest met, and a place appropriated, depending on the context, as a living, cultural and economic space, as Europe’s roof and water tower, or as a holiday idyll and sports arena. Given the collaboration of Alpine environmentalists crossing state borders south and north of the Brenner Pass, and within the extraordinarily politically and socially heterogenous resistance movement in North Tirol, a question arises: to what extent have the Alps generated unique forms of identification for these figures? The author of the article argues that for Alpine environmentalists the Alps are both a discursive and a physical space, used as an identity-building element and space of activity.


Dialogue ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludger Kaczmarek

Semiotics, the age-old investigation of signs, is still striving for acknowledgement as a scientific (and academic) discipline. Though the ‘linguistic turn’ in the philosophical disciplines seemed to be followed by a ‘semiotic turn’ in many sciences during the 1970s, efforts were not crowned by great success. When seen from a certain distance, a definition of semiotics as a discipline can only be obtained from its history. Research into the sources of the human pre-occupation with signs, and with concepts or conceptions of signs, is really desirable and even necessary when a field of considerable scientific interest at the brink of being awarded the rank of a discipline runs the risk of getting lost between the unificationism of the Morris-type and the elegance of pseudo-mathematical empty classificationism (such as demonstrated in the late Max Bense's Stuttgart School) on the one side, and profitable exploitation of the sign's popularized design qualities on the other.


Author(s):  
Александра Борисовна Гайнетдинова ◽  
Татьяна Константиновна Демидова ◽  
Елена Олеговна Тулупова

At present, the issue of migration to the European Union is very acute, despite many attempts of the under question countries’ leaders to stabilize the situation. On the one hand, European Union authorities are unable to cope with a massive human flow, and on the other hand, local population’ discontent with Europe’s Islamization is mounting. It is obvious that the migrants who have arrived in European countries are reluctant to learn the native language, do not accept the culture, do not accept the rules of conduct in European society, and sometimes dictate their own conditions. It undoubtedly disturbs European society.


Author(s):  
Alison Jones ◽  
Brenda Sufrin ◽  
Niamh Dunne

This chapter discusses the regime for controlling mergers which have an ‘EU dimension’ under the European Union Merger Regulation (EUMR). The chapter examines: the purposes of merger control; the history of the EUMR; the scheme of the EUMR and the concept of the ‘one-stop shop’; jurisdiction under the EUMR, including the definition of a ‘concentration’ and what amounts to an ‘EU dimension’; procedure, including Phase I and Phase II proceedings; the substantive appraisal of horizontal, and non-horizontal mergers under the EUMR and the test of significantly impeding effective competition (SIEC); EUMR statistics; appeals; and international issues.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
V. V. Chistyukhin

The paper is devoted to the study of the types of non-banking financial organizations. A classification  is an integral part of scientific knowledge, which allows us to visually demonstrate the inner content of the  category under consideration and identify the features of each element of the analyzed concept. The research  issue of the paper is predetermined by the lack of legal division between non-banking financial organizations.  The classification given in the paper, according to the author, on the one hand, most fully reflects the range of  financial services provided by non-banking financial institutions, and, on the other hand, allows differentiating the roles that separate non-banking financial institutions play in the organization and functioning of the financial  market. The latter is important for determining the specifics of legal regulation of different groups of non-banking  financial organizations, since each of them has a different meaning for ensuring the stability and sustainability of  the financial market. The paper reflects the author’s position concerning the definition of the concept of "non-banking financial organizations" and the place of individuals providing professional services in the financial market  in the system of financial organizations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-556
Author(s):  
Jürgen R. Grote

AbstractThis paper adopts the wide definition of civil society, namely the one suggested by the EU. It includes all sorts of private collectives from producer groups, trade unions, care and common cause organizations, NGOs, to social and protest movements. Distinguishing between a structural (governance) and an actor-centred perspective (collective action) and, orthogonally, two levels of territorial complexity (the sub-, and the supranational), the history of the relationship between the EU and civil society is presented for the period of the past 35 years. It turns out that despite enormous efforts invested in the relationship from the part of both sides, and of many heroic declamations aimed at pathbreaking reform, the outcome tends to be relatively meagre and disenchanting both in institutional and organizational terms.


2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Eusebi

Volendo sintetizzare la questione cui il principio di autonomia offre risposta, si potrebbe dire che esso attiene al riconoscimento dell’altro. Detto in altri termini e parafrasando Hanna Arendt, la domanda soggiacente è se siamo dei chi o dei che cosa. Dichiarare l’autonomia di ciascun soggetto umano significa, in questo senso, tener per fermo che non si può mai trattare tale soggetto come una cosa. Da ciò deriva la possibilità di una definizione pratica di ciò che debba ritenersi male: si ha male quando un individuo umano non è considerato come un interlocutore, come un tu, bensì, per l’appunto, come una cosa, cioè (solo) come un corpo, vale a dire quando è ridotto a strumento o a oggetto (passivo) di una manipolazione. È proprio della natura umana il prendere decisioni secondo coscienza, operando scelte eticamente responsabili: per cui lo stabilire rapporti con un individuo umano non può che proporsi come un rivolgersi, innanzitutto, al suo essere soggetto morale, cioè alla sua capacità di discernimento, al suo essere morale. L’affermazione del principio di autonomia implica, dunque, una ben precisa opzione etica, se non addirittura l’intuizione fondamentale di tutta la storia dell’etica: quella che, riconoscendo nell’altro, un soggetto morale comporta la rinuncia ad agire strumentalmente nei suoi confronti, aprendo, in questo modo, alla relazionalità. Ora, se il principio di autonomia individua sostiene che il soggetto umano non è riducibile a una cosa, ciò vale anche per il rapporto di ciascuno con se stesso. Da ciò deriva che il principio di autonomia, sebbene frequentemente si sostenga il contrario, non permette di giustificare la scelta del singolo di annullare il suo esistere, cioè il suo essere soggetto morale. Il che, tuttavia, non implica affermare l’assenza di limiti nell’intervento terapeutico. ---------- Wishing to synthesize the matter to which the principle of autonomy offers answer, it could be said that it concerns to the recognition of the other. In other words and Hanna Arendt paraphrasing, the underlying question is if we are some who or some what. In this sense, declaring the autonomy of every human subject means that it is important to fix that it is not possible to treat such subject as a thing. It follows that the possibility of a practical definition of what it has to be considered evil: we have evil when a human individual is not considered like an interlocutor, as a you, but, as a thing, in other words (only) as a body, that is the same when he is reduced to a tool or to a (passive) object of a manipulation. Making decisions according to conscience, operating responsible ethical choices, it is proper of the human nature: it derives that establishing relationships with a human individual can’t be considered as an addressing to his being as a moral subject, or to his ability of discernment, or otherwise to his moral being. The affirmation of the principle of autonomy implicates, therefore, one precise ethical option, if not even the fundamental intuition of the whole history of the ethics: the one that, recognizing in the other, a moral subject involves the renouncement to make it an instrument and opens the way to the relationships. Therefore, if the principle of autonomy says that we can’t reduce subject to a thing, it’s the same for the relationship that everyone has with himself. Its follows that the principle of autonomy, although people often say the contrary, doesn’t justify the choice of the single one to cancel his existence, that is his being a moral subject. Yet, it doesn't implicate to affirm the absence of limits in the therapeutic intervention.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
M. A. Istomin ◽  
A. V. Nechkin

The article examines the history of the development of legal enlightenment in Russia, its modern legal regulation, as well as the theoretical basis associated with its implementation. Revealing the paramount importance of legal enlightenment for the formation of civil society and state of law, the authors point out the need to create a unified system of normative legal acts regulating this activity. Currently, the legal regulation of the activities of various subjects of legal enlightenment is unsystematic, since at different levels there are a large number of unrelated legal acts, which makes it difficult to achieve the goals of legal enlightenment. Among other things, the study carried out a comprehensive theoretical analysis of activities in legal enlightenment, on the basis of which the authors, on the one hand, conclude about the unity of rational and irrational moments in this activity, on the other, about the primary impact on the emotional-volitional side of a person in the process of legal enlightenment. Linking the structure of legal enlightenment with elements of legal awareness legal ideology and legal psychology, the authors point to the unity of legal training and legal literacy with in the framework of legal enlightenment, offering their definition of the concept of legal enlightenment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Maria Buck

While in the early days of the European history of culture the Alps were seen as forbidding, since the 1970s environmental activists have used this description, turning it the other way round — now it is the Alps that are increasingly threatened by today’s environmental problems. Noise, air pollution, deforestation and problems relating to ozone depletion threaten the ecologically sensitive Alpine range. The problems affect not just the Alps, but owing to geographical and topographic conditions their consequences are particularly strong here. Thus the Alps constitute a reference framework as well as a point of origin for the thematisation of ecological problems. Defenders of the Alps were especially critical of the claims — or, more openly, designs — of the European Union in the area of transport, tourism and energy. The relations between the Alps and the European Union constituted a unique moment in the discussion of environmental activists. On the one hand they styled the Alps as a model ecological region in contrast to the economy-focused European Union, and on the other the European Union served as a common enemy, which turned the Alps into a political argument in declaring unity of this space. This unity was, according to the defenders of the Alps, important in the context of securing and forcing through the region’s internal needs. To sum up, the Alps were presented as a place where various, partly opposing, economic, ecological and political interest met, and a place appropriated, depending on the context, as a living, cultural and economic space, as Europe’s roof and water tower, or as a holiday idyll and sports arena. Given the collaboration of Alpine environmentalists crossing state borders south and north of the Brenner Pass, and within the extraordinarily politically and socially heterogenous resistance movement in North Tirol, a question arises: to what extent have the Alps generated unique forms of identification for these figures? The author of the article argues that for Alpine environmentalists the Alps are both a discursive and a physical space, used as an identity-building element and space of activity.


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