scholarly journals Anthropology of the Ukrainian Cossacks’ Military Potential (XVIIth–XVIIIth Centuries)

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Serhiychuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Russian Empire

The publication deals with the widespread use by the Russian Empire of the Ukrainian people’s armed forces in its wars of conquest after the 1654 Pereyaslav Council. In particular, given are the facts of the Ukrainian Cossacks’ decisive participation in the assaults of Azov in 1696 and Izmail in 1790. How individual regiments of Cossack troops were involved in this process is reported on the example of combat of each Cossack of the Chernihiv Regiment’s Sosnytsia Company.

scholarly journals Service of Ukrainian Chaplains in the Years of the Patriotic War 2014-2016 with the Russian Empire

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Serhiy Zdioruk
Keyword(s):  
National Guard ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Member States ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Russian Empire

The problems of the establishment of the Service of Chaplains in the Armed Forces, the National Guard and other military formations of Ukraine in the context of the war with Russia have their own peculiarities and differences. The destabilizing role of the Moscow Patriarchate, in the jurisdiction of which is the vast majority of Orthodox communities in Ukraine, creates critical threats for the Ukrainian State. In order to effectively organize the operation of the Ukrainian Chaplain Service, to mobilize the entire potential of the Ukrainian nation and to absorb global experience, in particular the armies of NATO member states, in order to provide spiritual, humanitarian and patriotic education, and moral and combat and psychological training of Ukrainian soldiers, it is necessary to mobilize the Ukrainian nation.

scholarly journals Sisters of Charity Training on the Latvian Territory in the 19th Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Olga Fokina ◽  
Inga Millere ◽  
Kristaps Circenis ◽  
Liāna Deklava
Keyword(s):  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Military Hospitals ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Private Homes ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Russian Association ◽  
Main City

<p><em>In 1772 Daugavpils(Dyneburg) was incorporated into the Russian Empire and remained the main city of the province of Daugavpils. In 1796 it was incorporated into Belarus province and later in 1802 into Vitebsk province. In 1864 16 countries joined officially the First Geneva Convention,,For the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field”. In 1867 Russia including Latvia also joined the Geneva Convention. That yearthe Russian association for wounded and sick soldiers care wasestablished. Over timethe Russian association for wounded and sick soldiers carechanged its original name. In 1879 it was given the new official name, the Russian Red Cross Society”.The Committeesof the Russian Red Cross were established in all the provincesof Russiangubernias, so in Vidzeme and Kurzeme they were in Riga and Jelgava, but Latgale was under the control of the Committee of Vitebskgubernia. The communities of the Red Cross charity of Mercywerefounded to prepare the female sanitary staff for the medical care of the sick and the wounded during the war and to provide nursing care in hospitals, military hospitals and private homes during peacetime. The Vitebsk local committee of the Russian Red Cross supported the activities of Charity Nurses Community in Vitebsk.</em></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Troops of the Vilna and Warsaw military districts of the Russian Empire in Belarus (1864–1914)

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Alexander В. Arlukevich
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Political Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article reflects the processes of concentration and territorial deployment of troops of the Russian Empire in Belarus during the existence of the Vilna and Warsaw military districts after the end of the uprising of 1863–1864. The analysis of the reasons for the concentration of formations and units of the Russian army in the region, taking into account the current military-political situation in Europe and socio-political processes that took place within the Belarusian provinces themselves, allowed the author to determine the goals and tasks of the troops that were solved by the latter in Belarus from the middle 1860s to the beginning of the World War I. This research is based on a wide range of sources that were first introduced into scientific circulation, identified by the author in the archives and book repositories of Russia and Belarus. The author identifies the causes and preconditions of creation of system of territorial administration of the armed forces of the Russian Empire in Belarus. The process of creating organizational structures of the Vilna military district and the composition of the military contingent stationed in Belarus and the locations of individual parts and units of the Russian army within the borders of Belarusian provinces are discovered. The author identifies the causes of changes in the composition and the scheme of territorial deployment of troops during the period of military districts.On the basis of a comparison of the results obtained in the study of the above aspects of the subject, the author tried to give an overall assessment of the role and place of Belarusian lands in the system of ensuring military-strategic interests of the Russian Empire, as well as the role of the army in political life of Belarus in the second half of the 1860s until the outbreak of the World War I.

scholarly journals ACQUISITION OF ARMED FORCES IN THE UKRAINIAN LANDS AS A PART OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4(106)) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
О. Б. Северінова
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Military Schools ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military

The relevance of the article is that the effectiveness of any state structure largely depends on its leaders. In the army, this factor is extremely important, primarily due to the specifics of social relations inherent in the military organization. The main purpose of officers at that time was to train lower ranks in military affairs and command of troops in a combat situation. The solution of such problems was impossible without proper education and professional training, which was convincingly confirmed by the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. It is emphasized that in peacetime the main links in the system of military schools in the Russian Empire were: a) cadet corps, as well as general classes of His Imperial Majesty's Page, in which students received general secondary education. They were intended for the education and upbringing of children and adolescents who were later preparing to enter military schools and become officers; b) institutions that trained young people to serve as officers. Such were the military and cadet schools (existed until 1910), which trained officers for service in the cavalry and infantry, as well as engineering, military topographic and artillery schools, which were called special. In addition, this group included special classes of the Page of His Imperial Majesty's Corps. All these military educational institutions trained officers of the respective branches of the army and services; c) institutions for improving the education and special technical knowledge of officers of the active service. This group of institutions was divided into two categories: higher military educational institutions (military academies), in which officers received higher military education, and institutions designed to improve the theoretical and practical training of officers of different types of troops in accordance with their specialty (officer schools). It was found that graduates of cadet schools who graduated from the department with a military school course, who worked at some cadet schools, were promoted to the rank of officer along with graduates of military schools. This was due to the fact that these departments, where training was conducted according to the programs of military schools, accepted people with secondary or higher education.

scholarly journals Awarding Law Enforcement Officers of Soviet Republics During the Civil War in Russia (1917–1922)

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Dmitriy V. Shunyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Service State

This article analyses the practice of awarding law enforcement bodies during the Civil War in Russia. The abolition of awards of the Russian Empire in 1917 resulted in the need to establish a new award system simultaneously with the creation of law enforcement structures in the Soviet republics. The study is based on historical method, objectivity and systematic approach. To process quantitative data, the author used statistical analysis for calculating the results obtained by means of continuous sampling. On the basis of archive materials, published sources and memoirs, it is concluded that the award systems established in the Soviet republics were similar in many respects. With the RSFSR serving as a model, the other republics developed their own awards by analogy. During the Civil War, a significant award arsenal was created, which had both individual and collective status. Law enforcement officers were presented with republican awards as well as departmental decorations. The former were given by the republic’s highest authorities, while the latter by the command authorities of the Cheka–Internal Service–State Political Directorate. The analysis of the award practice indicates that the highest republican awards – orders – were used very rarely to distinguish law enforcement officers. The most common types of employee rewards were valuable gifts, certificates of acknowledgement, as well as material bonuses. The units of the Cheka–Internal Service–State Political Directorate were awarded with revolutionary banners, certificates of acknowledgement, and honorary names. The author concludes that the award system of law enforcement bodies was similar to that of the Armed Forces. The provisions of the established awards did not cover the service of Chekists and policemen. In order to stimulate the work of law enforcement bodies, special awards were introduced. However, their use began only after the formation of the USSR.

Organization of volunteer forces of the Ottoman Empire from representatives of the peoples of the North Caucasus during the Russian-Ottoman war of 1877-1878 on the Caucasus-Asia Minor Front

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-202
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Pankin
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Military Units

This article, based on a wide range of sources, primarily of foreign origin (Turkish, English, French and Austrian), examines the issue of an attempt by immigrants from the North Caucasus to integrate into Ottoman society by forming voluntary military units on the eve of and during the years of the Russian-Ottoman war of 1877-1878 The author conducted a study of issues that were practically not studied in domestic and world historiography related to the legislative support of the volunteer movement during the preparation of the armed forces for the expected military conflict with the Russian Empire, the number of formed military units from representatives of the peoples of the North Caucasus, their ethnicity, and command staff and a number of other issues, including uniforms of irregular parts of the Ottoman Empire, weapons and sources staffing. Based on an analysis of the sources available to us, the author concludes that the leadership of the Ottoman Empire is inevitable to seek help from the North Caucasus Muhajir, to form irregular cavalry units from them. The author also concludes that, for the conduct of hostilities on the Caucasus-Asia Minor Front, units formed from the peoples of the Central and Eastern Caucasus were sent: Dagestanis, Kabardins, Ossetians, Chechens and Kumyks, who, after resettlement from the Russian Empire, were settled by the Ottoman government in the territory Sivas and Erzurum vilayets, as well as Samsun (Djanik) sanjak.

Soldiers’ children as a successful project of the Russian army recruitment reserve formation in the first half of the 19th century

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Nevzorov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military

We describe the features of the reserve replenishment formation of the Russian army at the expense of soldiers’ children in the 19th century. We reveal the historical and legal aspects of the social and class status of the “military class” representatives descendants: soldiers’ children, recruits of soldiers’ children. Born in the recruits families and lower ranks during the service period in the Russian army, either retired, soldiers on indefinite leave and disabled veterans, the soldiers’ children had a special social and legal position in the class structure of Russian society, which are specifically regulated, as the legislative and enforcement practices in the capitals and provinces in the Russian Empire in the 19th century. The involvement of a fairly wide range of archival sources and published materials allowed to conduct the reconstruction of both the existing legal regulation and the actual social parameters of the “military offspring” in the armed forces. We also reveal the aspects of education of military cantonists in special military educational insti-tutions and similar military units (military orphan units, training battalions and companies, carabinieri regiments) reflected in the primary archival documents and legislative acts, social and legal, class and everyday conflicts and trends that determined the life and fate of “military chil-dren”. We clarify statistical errors in the calculation of the military class representatives – soldiers’ children – in the Russian province. We give a detailed historiographical study assessment of the legal status of cantonists and recruits of soldiers’ children, as well as identifying research gaps in the works of domestic and foreign historians. We made conclusions about the prospects of the sci-entific problems study by domestic historians, as well as the presence of primary archival docu-ments that need to be introduced into scientific circulation. It is proved that the category of “sol-diers’ children” was the most important component of the Russian armed forces combat capability formation, allowing to prepare a significant reserve. We also show the prospects of the cantonists transformation into professional soldiers, as well as their role in the military history of the Russian Empire in the considered chronological period.

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