scholarly journals Compare and Contrast the Two Approaches: The ‘Conventional Approach’ and the ‘Computational Approach’ Described by Stiny and Mitchell 1978, for Analyzing an Architectural Style

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Nujaba Binte Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Construction Method ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Conventional Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Architectural historians have focused more on traditional analysis of a style on the basis of concept, compositional order, construction method, structural system and much more. This approach can be called as ‘Conventional approach’. On the other hand the ‘Computational approach’, which was described by George Stiny and William J. Mitchell in 1978, can regenerate new design of a particular style by analyzing the characteristics of that style. The question is how these two approaches conflict with each other and how they can be compared with each other. The aim of this paper is to find out Keywords: the differences and comparisons between these two approaches with explanation of some examples.

Big Houses in Kano Emirate

Africa ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Hill
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Village ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Opening ParagraphIn 1971–2 I undertook research in part of the very densely populated farming zone around Kano city (often called the Kano close-settled zone) in order to compare it with a Hausa village, Batagarawa, some 100 miles further north in Katsina Emirate, where I had lived and worked in 1967. At Batagarawa farmland is not scarce and members of the community are free to establish farms on uncultivated (bush) land, some of which is no further than a mile or so from the village. For some 30 to 40 miles or more around Kano city, on the other hand, there is little or no uncultivated bush and farmers with insufficient land are obliged to buy or to ‘borrow’ (aro) farmland from others. My purpose was to compare and contrast the socio-economic organization and economic conditions of farmers in the two localities, with special reference, in so far as this variable could be isolated, to population density.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the tense and aspect in Standard Khasi and its varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Rymphang K. Rynjah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
Jaintia Hills ◽  
Compare And Contrast

In this study, we will undertake a comparative study of the syntax of the Tense and Aspect of Standard Khasi, an Austro-Asiatic language spoken in the state of Meghalaya and its two varieties Trangblang and Mawlong. Trangblang belongs to the War-Jaiñtia dialect of Khasi and is spoken in Trangblang village situated in Amlarem Block in Jaiñtia Hills District. Mawlong, on the other hand, is a War-Khasi dialect of Khasi and is spoken in Mawlong village located in the East Khasi Hills District. The main aim of this study is to compare and contrast the similarity and variation between these varieties when compared with the Standard Khasi using a comparative methodology. This study also aims to present the morphology of Tense and Aspect and to account for the syntactic analyses of Tense and Aspect in these varieties.

scholarly journals Affirmation Modality in Bulgarian, Macedonian and Serbian

2015 ◽  
pp. 279-296
Author(s):  
Marcin Grygiel
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Additional Component ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Affirmation Modality in Bulgarian, Macedonian and SerbianIn the case of affirmation modality the speakers transform their utterances by stressing or attributing a positive value as an additional component added to the semantic structure of a proposition. This type of affirmative polarization is triggered in opposition to negation or hypothetically negative contexts. The goal of the present paper is twofold: on the one hand to compare and contrast affirmative periphrastic constructions in Bulgarian, Macedonian and Serbian and, on the other hand, to ascertain what these constructions reveal regarding the organization of grammatical categories in general and the status of affirmation modality as a coherent and homogenous category with a linguistic validity.

scholarly journals Contemporary Verse Drama

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies ◽  
Haybat Abdul Samad
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cocktail Party ◽  
Popular Theater ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Verse Drama ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Compare And Contrast

The hundred years that passed between 1850 – the year in which Catalina, the first verse play of Henrick Ibsen was published – and 1950 – the year in which another verse play appeared, namely T.S. Eliot’s The Cocktail Party, were very eventful in European drama. In those years, a completely new dramatic movement – the spread of naturalistic prose drama – came into play. On the other hand, verse drama in the twentieth century, and particularly in England and Ireland, came back into the popular theater. At the hands of W.B. Yeats, T.S. Eliot and Christopher Fry, in the main, the dramatists who constituted the chief revolt against naturalism, contemporary verse drama revived against the naturalistic definition of drama, which in a sense considers characterization and action the main ends of drama. The aim of the paper is to compare and contrast the two styles of drama using the criticism of contemporary verse dramatists. The paper delves into the ways these dramatists tried to make verse play and distinguish themselves from naturalists. It continues to prove their failure while showing discontinuity of verse plays’ popularity in the temporary audience’s mind. The question is whether verse dramatists succeeded in instilling a feeling of suspense and popularity in the inner recesses of the audience’s hearts or not; in other words, can verse drama preserve its influence on the audience? The significance of this study is to prove that although the role of verse drama lasted for centuries, its presence nowadays is vanishing as it is losing its power of influence.

scholarly journals Multiworld motives by closed time-like curves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2081 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
A V Shepelin ◽  
A M Rostom ◽  
V A Tomilin ◽  
L V Il’ichov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum System ◽  
Quantum State ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Preparation Procedure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
New Model ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Abstract We propose a new model, entitled S-CTC, for description of quantum systems in the presence of CTC – closed time-like curves. The model is based on the viewpoint on any quantum state as an observer’s state of knowledge of the system preparation procedure. We compare and contrast our S-CTC model with D-CTC and P-CTC models and show that S-CTC shares special quantum features with both D-CTC and P-CTC. As far as the interaction of the quantum system with itself coming from the future concerns, S-CTC is formally equivalent to P-CTC. On the other hand, when calculating outcome probabilities for a measurement within the time interval between the entrance and exit of CTC, S-CTC becomes equivalent to D-CTC. Both these models require the concept of alternative realities (worlds) where different measurement outcomes are recorded and alternative connections of these realities by CTC.

Automotive Lifts: Unrestrained vs. Restrained Swing Arms

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Barnett ◽  
John B. Glauber
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Horizontal Force ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Theoretical Possibility ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Bending Resistance ◽  
Practical Reality

To perform automotive maintenance, there are many makeshift ways of lifting and holding a vehicle including the use of forklifts, overhead hoists and cranes, jacks of every kind, jack stands and various ramp systems. When automobiles fall from these devices, the causes are usually obvious and we disapprovingly tolerate the risk taking. On the other hand, when a vehicle falls from a dedicated automotive lift, the accident is entirely unacceptable. This paper examines several hidden dangers associated with a particular class of lifts that are “frame engaging.” Various styles of these lifts use four cantilevered arms to elevate and support vehicles on adapter pads positioned on the arms’ free ends. If the vehicle slides off of one or more pads, it usually falls catastrophically. The cantilevered arms, when raised, are supposed to be restrained against rotation in a horizontal plane. When restrained, the arms provide a robust structural system for resisting horizontal workplace forces that tend to slide vehicles off the pads. The arms maintain the horizontal locations of the adapters by developing bending and axial planar resistance. If, on the other hand, the arms are free to pivot due to sloth or poor design, their structural behavior is dramatically transformed. The planar bending resistance of the arms completely disappears and they become direct stress diagonal truss members; the vehicle itself unwittingly becomes the truss’ tension chord. The appearance of the fixed and pivoting systems is the same; however, the truss action magnifies the horizontal forces acting on the adapter pads increasing the slip probability. Indeed, depending on the orientation of the pivoting swing arms, any finite horizontal force applied to a vehicle may lead to an unbounded tangential “slide-out” force. This is, of course, a theoretical possibility, not a practical reality.

Casting Finger Rings in Mycenaean Times: Two Unpublished Moulds at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Konstantinidi-Syvridi ◽  
Maria Kontaki
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Construction Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Limited Class ◽  
Single Use

The recording of two unpublished moulds in the storeroom of the Prehistoric Collections of the National Archaeological Museum, Athens, presented here, provide the stimulus for a re-examination of the construction method of the bezeled/signet rings of Mycenaean times. The moulds, one of semi-cylindrical shape and the other rectangular, belong to a limited class of items from Crete, Mainland Greece, and Enkomi, Cyprus.It is possible that such moulds have served for the construction of the wax model of the artefacts, in the lost wax technique and not directly for the cast of gold, since the very construction of them, which is time-consuming and necessitates the skills of specialized craftsmen, indicates that they did not serve for a single use but rather for several uses. On the other hand, even steatite, the stone mostly used for such moulds, cannot adhere to continuous pressure to high temperatures, necessary for casting gold.Στην παρούσα μελετη καταγράφονται δύο αδημοσίευτες μήτρες από την αποθήκη της Προϊστορικής Συλλογής του Εθνικού Αρχαιολογικού Μουσείου στην Αθήνα, προσφέροντας το ερέθισμα για μία επανεξέταση της τεχνικής κατασκευής των δακτυλιδιών με σφενδόνη της Μυκηναϊκής εποχής. Οι μήτρες, από τις οποίες η μία είναι ημικυλινδρική και η άλλη ορθογώνια, ανήκουν σε μία περιορισμένη τάξη ευρημάτων, που προέρχονται από την Κρήτη, την Ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα και την Έγκωμη της Κύπρου.Είναι πιθανό ότι αυτές οι μήτρες να χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για την κατασκευή των κέρινων εκμαγείων των δακτυλιδιών κατά την τεχνική του «χαμένου κεριού» και όχι για την απευθείας χύτευση χρυσού. Η ίδια η κατασκευή τους, που προϋποθέτει πολύ χρόνο και ειδικευμένους τεχνίτες, υποδεικνύει ότι δεν χρησιμοποιήθηκαν μόνο για μία φορά. Από την άλλη πλευρά, ακόμη και ο στεατίτης, ο λίθος που κατεξοχήν χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την κατασκευή αυτών των αντικειμένων, δεν θα μπορούσε να αντέξει τις υψηλές θερμοκρασίες, που απαιτούντοα για την χύτευση του χρυσού σε διαδοχικές χρήσεις.

scholarly journals Studi Perbandingan Kinerja Sistem Struktur Setback berdasarkan Metode ATC 40, FEMA 356 dan SNI 1726:2012

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Elias G Arman ◽  
Remigildus Cornelis ◽  
Tri M Sir
Keyword(s):  
Damage Control ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Floor Level ◽  
Structure System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fema 356 ◽  
Immediate Occupancy

The aim of this study was to compare the performance level of the setback structure system and the non-setback structural system using the ATC-40, FEMA 356 and SNI 1726-2012 methods. The non-setback structure have the shortest span of 15 m, the longest span of 20 m and the level of each floor was 3.5 m but the setback structure have setback system on the longest span of 10 m at the 5th and 6th floor level. The results showed that the performance level based on all methods of the sectback structure system is at the immediate occupancy level while the non-setback structure system, based on SNI 1726-2012, the performance level is immediate occupancy for the longest span and the shortest span is damage control. On the other hand, based on the ATC-40 and FEMA 356 methods, the performance level of the non-setback structure is at the immediate occupancy level. Drift on non-setback buildings based on the SNI 1726-2012 method is 0.011, based on the ATC-40 method is 0.007, and based on FEMA 356 is 0.005. Drift on the setback building based on the SNI 1726-2012 method is 0.010, based on the ATC-40 method is 0.006, and based on FEMA 356 is 0.004.

scholarly journals Compare and Contrast Different Meanings of the Term World Music/World Music

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Xueqian Li
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
World Music ◽  
The Other ◽  
Music Genres ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Compare And Contrast

With the booming popularity of the music industry today, there has been an equally increasing demand for new or refreshing music types. Over the years, this has a resulted in alternative/non-mainstream music genres gradually being accepted as popular music. To cater for the different tastes of music for consumers, in a world where advancement in technology has accelerated globalization to unprecedented levels, music Creators are producing music that have blurred the boundaries between music genres. On the other hand World Music is one that is seen by many as one which is routed in tradition. In that aspect, world music and popular music can be seen as two contrasting categories.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

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