CLINICAL SIGNS OF NEONATAL TETANY: WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR OCCURRENCE IN NEWBORN BABIES OF DIABETIC MOTHERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308
Author(s):  
W. S. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Significant Frequency ◽  
Especial Reference ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Curve ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tolerance Curve ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

The occurrence of hypocalcemic tetany in seven newly born infants is described. Six of the infants were born to mothers with a history of diabetes mellitus. The mother of the seventh infant was obese and had a prediabetic type of glucose tolerance curve. Clinical signs of tetany appeared within 24 hours of birth. They were severe in five infants and mild in two. Chemical findings in the blood are summarized. All seven infants were born prematurely. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis are discussed. It is considered that hypocalcemic tetany probably occurs with a significant frequency in babies newly born to diabetic mothers. It is suggested that the occurrence of hypocalcemic tetany is favored by the temporary decline which normally occurs soon after birth in the concentration of calcium in the serum, more particularly in premature babies; and that disturbance of the normal maternal hormonal adjustments of pregnancy and especially of adrenopituitary function in diabetic mothers, may be a determining factor.

scholarly journals Birth Outcomes among Diabetic Mothers Who Delivered in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bajrond Eshetu ◽  
Yitagesu Sintayehu ◽  
Bazie Mekonnen ◽  
Woreknesh Daba
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Class I Obesity ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Introduction. Diabetes develops in 4% of all the pregnancies worldwide, and its prevalence ranges from 1 to 14%, and 7% are complicated and results in prenatal morbidity and mortality. The disease affects women and their babies during pregnancy, labor, and delivery. However, little is known about its prevalence, birth outcomes, and associated factors in the study setting. Method. A facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was done on all deliveries attended from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2017, to determine the prevalence of diabetes and birth outcome. The mothers who had complete data record were identified and consecutively reviewed. The data were entered in EpiData Version 4.2 and exported to SPSS Version 23.0 for analysis. Results. Of the 14039 women who gave birth during the study period, 2.6% of them had diabetes mellitus, and from reviewed data, 54.6% had gestational diabetes and 45.4% had pregestational diabetes. Out of the diabetic mothers, 57.8% delivered by cesarean section, 39.9% by spontaneous vaginal delivery, and 26% of the pregnancies ended up with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Regarding the fetal outcome, 17.9% were preterm delivery, 17.6% macrocosmic, 9.2% respiratory distress, 10.1% low birth weight, and 65% admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. Class I obesity and history of PIH were associated with adverse maternal outcomes at aOR = 95%CI 3.8 (1.29, 8.319) and aOR = 95%CI 2.1 (1.03, 4.399), respectively. Being a house wife and preterm deliveries were associated with adverse fetal outcomes at aOR = 95%CI 2.117 (1.315, 3.405) and aOR = 95%CI 9.763 (4.560, 20.902), respectively. Conclusion. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus delivered in the hospital was 2.6%. Class I obesity and previous history of pregnancy-induced hypertension were significantly associated with adverse maternal outcomes, whereas preterm delivery and being housewife were associated with adverse fetal outcome.

scholarly journals Study of placental morphometric anatomy in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and inৎluence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7549-7558
Author(s):  
Vishram Singh ◽  
Kumud Ranjan ◽  
Tewarson S L ◽  
Rashi Singh ◽  
Yogesh Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Labour Room ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

The placenta is an organ which is an indicator of maternal and fetal disorders. Gestational Diabetes mellitus complicates 2-5% of all pregnancy. Therefore our work was an analysis of changes in placental morphometric anatomy in mothers of gestational diabetes mellitus and the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight. Sixty-two placentas of full-term pregnancy collected from labour room/operation theatre of Gynaecology and obstetrics, department of government medical college and super facility hospital Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. Out of sixty-two placentas, 31 are from mothers with no known history of preexisting gestational diabetes mellitus cases as controls and 31 collected from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. We found mean placental weight, mean placental area, mean placental volume, mean no of cotyledons significantly more in placentas of gestational diabetic mothers. Mean fetal weight of gestational diabetic mothers were more in comparison with controls. Mean transverse diameter of placentas of the diabetic mothers were more than mean transverse diameter of placentas of the non-diabetic mothers, statistically significant. Mean longitudinal diameter also more in placentas of diabetic mothers, not statistically significant. Mean thickness at the centre more in placentas of diabetic mothers, statistically significant. Mean thickness mid-way between centre and margin and mean thickness at margin more in diabetic placentas, not statistically significant. Gestational diabetic mothers had more round-shaped placentas. Marginal insertion of umbilical cord presents more in placentas of gestational diabetic mothers.

scholarly journals Cutaneous Asthenia in a Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia De Souza Andrade ◽  
Laisa Marina Rosa Rey ◽  
Isabela Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Sarah Gabriella Delallo Charnovski ◽  
Diogo Czornobai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Skin Fragility ◽  
History Of ◽  
Danlos Syndrome

Background: Cutaneous asthenia or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is an inherited and rare disease. This infirmity is from an autosomal mutation that influences the collagen synthesis of the carrier. Thus, its skeleton, formed of fibers, is structurally defective. The disease is characterized by hyperelasticity and skin fragility, leading to lesions throughout the skin. The lesions may manifest in specific places or in a generalized way, being more frequent in the limbs, neck, and back. This disease does not have a specific treatment, only management care to avoid new traumas.Case: A 3-year-old male castrated, no defined race cat, was attended at one veterinary clinic with a history of intense itching. The rapid tests for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) were negative. On physical examination, infestation by fleas, lesions all over the body, and skin hyperelasticity were observed. Topical treatment for ectoparasites as well as for body wounds was established. After the treatment, he returned without itching, but with the complaints of new lesions that did not heal. The patient underwent a total shearing to facilitate the treatment of the skin, and then he underwent blood tests, biochemistry, hormonal tests, and ultrasound, which showed no suggestive changes for hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus. His clinical signs, besides not matching with these diseases, also did not indicate skin fragility due to his history of age and balanced diet. The confirmation of the cutaneous asthenia syndrome was acquired through biopsy of skin fragment, in which it was observed disarray of collagen fibers, hypertrophy, and fibroblast hyperplasia, together with the rate of extensibility of the skin where the value reached the mark of 27.5%. Throughout the hospitalization, it was noted the progression of the disease with the appearance of new lesions, where there was no bleeding and they appeared even with the patient wearing padded clothes. Its progression lasted one year until the patient's euthanasia.Discussion: For the disposal of diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism as causes of the appearance of lesions by the body in the patient, he was submitted to the suppression tests with dexamethasone, in which he presented normality, in the biochemical examination it was dosed with fructosamine and glucose. The fructosamine was in the reference value, but the glucose was slightly altered, this increase may have been a result of stress at the time of blood collection. In addition to the patient not showing specific clinical signs such as polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss, these are characteristic clinical signs of the disease. For the diagnosis of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, histological examination, and calculation of the skin extensibility index were used, where the results obtained confirmed the suspicion. This genetic anomaly has no treatment, being progressive, so only environmental management is done to mitigate the appearance of the lesions and provide animal welfare. This case report contributes to aggregating the scientific literature in the area of veterinary medicine since skin asthenia is a rare disease and when its extent is total it becomes even more atypical. The availability of this article will provide a vision of palliative treatment for other cases, demonstrating the progressive nature of the lesions and the methods of diagnosis. Keywords: cat, collagen deficiency, ehlers-danlos syndrome, hyperelastic, skin. 

Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis (LTB) Among Pregnant Women in a High Burden Setting in Sudan using Interferon Gamma (IFN- γ) Releasing Assay (IGRA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Yassin ◽  
Elbashir G.E. Ahmed ◽  
Abdualmoniem O. Musa ◽  
Hamdan Z. Hamdan ◽  
Nadir Abuzied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Burden ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ifn Γ

Background: Accurate timing for diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis (LTB) is important to reduce morbidity and mortality for both mother and child. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence rate of LTB and its associated factors during pregnancy using gamma interferon (IFN- γ) release assay (IGRA). Methods: A cross-sectional facility-based study carried out in Kassala hospital, Eastern Sudan between January and March 2015. Results: Two hundred and forty-nine women were enrolled in this study and 18.1% (45/249) had confirmed positive for M. tuberculosis infection using IGRA. The mean age, parity and gestational age of the LTB patients were 29.6 (4.4), 2.2 (1.2) and 21.9 (8.8), respectively. The vast majority of these patients was of rural residence (72.7%), housewives (91.1%) and illiterate (73.3%). More than half (25, 55.6%) gave a history of contact with tuberculosis patients, 26.7% (12/45) were vaccinated and 11.1% (5/45) had a medical history of diabetes mellitus. In logistic regression model, while age, parity, education, occupation, size of family members, smoking, BCG status and medical history of diabetes mellitus were not associated with latent tuberculosis during pregnancy, history of contact with TB patients (OR=13.5; CI=5.6 to 32.5; P<0.001) and rural residence (OR=0.3; CI=0.1 to 0.7; P=0.006) was significantly correlated to LTB in pregnancy. Conclusion: Thus, screening of all pregnant women living in high burden setting of tuberculosis is recommended even in the absence of overt clinical signs of the disease.</P>

Pancreatic Abscess in a Cat with Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minji Lee ◽  
Ji-Houn Kang ◽  
Dongwoo Chang ◽  
Ki-Jeong Na ◽  
Mhan-Pyo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Pancreatic Abscess ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Glargine Insulin ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
History Of

An 11 yr old spayed female Maine coon cat was referred with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The cat had a 2 mo history of weight loss and intermittent vomiting. An abdominal ultrasound identified the presence of a large cavity measuring a maximum of 4.6 cm in the pancreas that was filled with a homogeneous echogenic fluid. Cytological analysis and culture of the fluid obtained from the pancreatic mass indicated the presence of a bacterial abscess. The application of nonsurgical drainage and the administration of glargine insulin and antibiotics resolved the clinical signs. The size of the pancreatic abscess was reduced after 5 mo, and the cat achieved diabetic remission and remained healthy at the time this report was prepared. This case report describes the successful treatment of a pancreatic bacterial abscess concurrent with diabetes mellitus in a Maine coon cat.

Remission of diabetes mellitus after ovariohysterectomy in a guinea pig with ovarian cysts

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Theresa Kreilmeier-Berger ◽  
Abigail Guija-De-Arespacochaga ◽  
Andrea Bilek ◽  
Frank Künzel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Abdominal Palpation ◽  
Remission Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound Examination

AbstractA 3-year-old intact female guinea pig was presented with a history of polydipsia, polyphagia, and hyperactivity combined with non-pruritic hair loss. The physical examination revealed bilateral alopecia mainly including the flanks and the ventral abdomen. Bilateral rounded masses just caudal to the kidneys were detected on abdominal palpation. Abdominal ultrasound examination confirmed bilateral ovarian cysts and an enlarged uterus with cystic lesions. Blood biochemistry revealed highly increased glucose and fructosamine concentrations. The final diagnoses were diabetes mellitus, bilateral ovarian cysts, and pathologic changes of the uterus. The guinea pig underwent ovariohysterectomy. After surgery, diabetes mellitus and all of the existing clinical signs were fully resolved. A causal relationship between hormonally active ovarian cysts and diabetes mellitus that commonly present independently from each other in the guinea pig can be strongly assumed in the present case. In suspicious cases of gestagen-induced diabetes mellitus ovariohysterectomy could be considered a potential treatment option in guinea pigs.

Treatment of 46 cats with porcine lente insulin – a prospective, multicentre study

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Michiels ◽  
Claudia E. Reusch ◽  
Andrea Boari ◽  
Grant Petrie ◽  
Paul Mandigers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Prospective Multicentre Study ◽  
Stabilization Phase ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
History Of ◽  
Additional Monitoring

This prospective, multicentre, non-blinded, open study followed 46 cats with diabetes mellitus during treatment with porcine lente insulin (also known as porcine insulin zinc suspension, Caninsulin®, Intervet) for 16±1 weeks (stabilization phase), with additional monitoring of some cats ( n=23) for a variable period. At least three of the following were present at initial presentation: appropriate history of clinical signs consistent with diabetes mellitus, glucosuria, blood glucose greater than 15 mmol/l and fructosamine greater than 380 μmol/l. Insulin treatment was started at a dose rate of 0.25–0.5 IU/kg body weight twice daily, with a maximum starting dose of 2 IU/injection. Twenty-eight of the cats were classed as reaching clinical stability during the study, in 23 of these cats this was during the stabilization phase. Seven cats went into remission during the stabilization phase and one of the cats in week 56. Clinical signs of hypoglycaemia, significantly associated with a dose of 3 units or 0.5 IU/kg or more per cat (twice daily), were observed in nine of the 46 cats during the stabilization phase and concomitant biochemical hypoglycaemia was recorded in most cases. Biochemical hypoglycaemia, recorded in 6% of the blood glucose curves performed during the stabilization phase, was significantly associated with a dose rate of 0.75 IU/kg or more twice daily. This further highlights the need for cautious stepwise changes in insulin dose. The protocol used in the present study is suitable for and easy to use in practice. This study confirmed the efficacy and safety of porcine lente insulin (Caninsulin®) in diabetic cats under field conditions.

scholarly journals Progression of initial diabetic angiopathy: association with carbohydrate disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
S.O. Rykov ◽  
K.V. Korobov ◽  
S.Yu. Mogilevskyy
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diabetic Angiopathy ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Background. Recognizing the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and predicting their progression is important and is an urgent challenge of modern ophthalmology. The study aimed at investigating the peculiarities of occurrence and progression of DR initial studies and establishing its relationship with the severity of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with T2DM. Materials and methods. We examined 91 patients (182 eyes) with T2DM. Based on the ETDRS system of clinical signs Airlie House, there were determined the microaneurysms (MA), microhemorrhages (MH), intraretinal microvascular anomalies (IRMA), retinal venous anomalies, retina nonperfusion, and their relationship with the severity of carbohydrate dysmetabolism in T2DM patients. Results. Most patients (72.5 %) had no retinopathy at the start of the study (ETDRS level was 0–10 in both eyes). The rest (27.5 %) had the ETDRS level 10 in one eye, while the other showed single changes in the caliber of blood vessels, dilatation, and tortuosity of the veins, IRMA or MH, which corresponded to the ETDRS level 14/15. In these patients, the duration of T2DM was longer (on average by 3 years), and the carbohydrate disorders were more pronounced. During one year of observation, eye changes progressed in different ways: in the absence of DR at the beginning of the study, progression was noted in 50.0 % of cases, while in their presence — in 92.0 %. The patients with progression had a longer history of diabetes and worse indicators of carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions. It has been established that diabetic changes in the retina begin from a single vascular injury. With its presence within one year, DR develops in most cases.

scholarly journals THERAPEUTIC PLASMAPHERESIS IN PRIMARY PRESENTATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS WITH DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA AND ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Tonceanu ◽  
R. Palade ◽  
R. R. Grigorescu ◽  
T. Trotea ◽  
Florentina Mușat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Multimodal Analgesia ◽  
The Third ◽  
Severe Hypertriglyceridemia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
And Control ◽  
Primary Presentation

We present a case of severe hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis associated withdiabetic ketoacidosis, managed in the intensive care unit. The patient was a 39-year-old woman, with amedical history of Graves-Basedow disease, essential arterial hypertension and morbid obesity(body mass index=31). Firstly, we aggressively corrected hypovolemia and hemodynamicimbalances (administrating fluids and systemic anticoagulant) and then we focused on the infectionprevention and control of intra-abodminal pressure, for the latter outcome. We decided to start the firstsession of plasma exchange. The patient responded well to the treatment applied. Plasma-exchangewas very efficient, reducing TG levels by 60% after the first treatment and achieving a decrease of77.6% at the third plasmapheresis session. This case was safely and effectively managed withplasmapheresis (three sessions), antibiotics, multimodal analgesia (intravenous and thoracicepidural catheter), early jejunal nutrition and forced mobilization. The patient&#39;s evolution wassignificantly favorable, with a reduction of the peripancreatic necrosis on computer scan, at day 28and she was discharged with a normal value of TG and without pain or any clinical signs.

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