THE HISTIDINE REQUIREMENT OF THE INFANT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-801
Author(s):  
Selma E. Snyderman ◽  
Audrey Boyer ◽  
Ellen Roitman ◽  
L. Emmett Holt ◽  
Philip H. Prose
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Young Infants

Histidine appears to be an essential amino acid for the young infant. Its omission from the diets of young infants gives rise to a depression of weight gain and of nitrogen retention. It also resulted in a dermatitis clinically and pathologically similar to infantile eczema, except for the absence of pruritus and atrophic changes in the sebaceous glands. Under the conditions of this study, the histidine requirement was less than 35 mg/kg/day in all six infants tested with this intake. Five infants were given a trial of 22 mg/kg/day; in three this figure was satisfactory, but in the remaining two there was some evidence of inadequacy. An intake of 16.6 mg/kg/day appeared to be adequate for one infant.

scholarly journals The influence of essential amino acid in the chicks diet interferes in the weight gain

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (43) ◽  
pp. 2408-2413
Author(s):  
Ferreira Borges Aurelio ◽  
dos Anjos Cunha Silva Borges Maria
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid

TrophAmine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
STANLEY H. ZLOTKIN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Amino Acid Solutions

To the Editor.— Heird et al1 recently described the use of a new parenteral amino acid mixture for low birth weight infants which included a peptide of tyrosine (N-acetyl-l-tyrosine). They concluded that infants tolerated the new mixture well and stated that it was "more efficacious with respect to nitrogen retention and weight gain than other available mixtures." It is my contention that their results do not substantiate their claims. First, the efficiency of nitrogen retention with TrophAmine (70% retention) is not superior to older amino acid solutions.

scholarly journals Histidine requirement of kittens for growth, haematopoiesis and prevention of cataracts

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy D. Quam ◽  
James G. Morris ◽  
Quinton R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Asymptotic Values ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
To Receive

1. The histidine requirement of growing kittens was determined from an experiment in which forty-eight kittens were randomly allocated to six amino acid-based diets supplying: 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 or 4.5 g histidine base/kg diet.2. By 48 d it was obvious that 1.0 and 1.5 g histidine/kg diet were grossly inadequate so the kittens receiving these two diets were removed from the experiment. The other four groups of kittens continued to receive their diets for a total of 128 d.3. Mean daily weight gain, nitrogen retention and food intake attained plateau values at 2.1 g histidine/kg diet.4. Blood samples taken at 25 and 48 d after kittens were given the diets showed a significant effect of dietary histidine on haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Hb and packed cell volume (PCV) attained asymptotic values at 3.0 g histidine/kg diet at 48 d. At 128 d, kittens consuming diets containing 2.0–4.5 g histidine/kg had similar Hb and PCV values.5. Cataracts of both eyes were observed in two of nine female kittens which had received diets containing either 2.0 or 2.5 g histidine/kg.6. A concentration of 3 g histidine/kg diet is recommended as a practical guide for feeding kittens.7. There was a rectilinear relation (r2 0.99) between the logarithm of the histidine concentration of plasma and the concentrationof histidine in the diet over the range 1.5–3.0 g histidine/kg diet.

scholarly journals Methionine plus cystine to lysine ratio in diets for tambatinga fingerlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayana da Conceição da Costa ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Neliane Galvão Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Amino Acid Methionine

ABSTRACT Among a variety of hybrids produced in Brazil, tambatinga is obtained from the crossing of a tambaqui female with a pirapitinga male. Although rapid weight gain in less time is an attractive characteristic from a commercial viewpoint, the information on its nutritional requirements, especially amino acid requirements, is limited. As corn and soybean meal-based diets available for fish contain deficient levels of essential amino acid methionine, our objective was to determine the digestible methionine plus cystine to lysine ratio in diets for tambatinga fingerlings. We used 900 fish with initial weights varying from 1.49 ±0.59 to 4.14 ±1.70 g, and they were fed six types of diets with different digestible methionine plus cystine to lysine ratios (50, 55, 60, 65, 70, and 75%). Performance parameters such as food efficiency, body depositions of protein, fat, and ash, and nitrogen retention efficiency were evaluated. The increase of digestible methionine plus cystine to lysine ratio in the diet improved quadraticly the feed intake, consumption of digestible methionine plus cystine, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion, protein deposition and body ash and retention efficiency nitrogen until the estimated ratios of 57%, 73%, 58%, 58% and 59%, 59%, 58% and 60%, respectively; and reduced linearly the efficiency of using methionine plus cystine for the weight gain. On the other hand, body fat deposition was not affected. We concluded that the digestible methionine plus cystine: lysine ratio in the rations for tambatinga fingerlings is 59%, for provide better performance and body protein deposition.

Amind Acid Requirements of the Normal Infant

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-672
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Normal Infant ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Sole Purpose

If the sole purpose of protein in the diet is to furnish amino acids, the amount needed is that which provides the required quantities of essential amino acids. In these studies the requirement of an essential amino acid is determined by feeding a diet made up of purified amino acids and shown to support normal growth (as evidenced by weight nitrogen retention and plasma protein). The amino acid under study is omitted and then reintroduced in increments until normal growth is resumed; the least amount of the amino acid necessary is considered to be the minimum requirement. Using this technique the minimum requirement for infants between 1 and 6 months of age for threonine was 60 mg./kg./day and for phenylalanine, 90 mg./kg./day. An infant ingesting 200 ml./kg./day of woman's milk would receive approximately 104 mg. of threonine and 106 mg. of phenylalanine/kg./day.

The isoleucine requirement of the weanling pig

1962 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Main Criticism ◽  
Current Standards

The current standards or estimates of the essential amino acid requirements of swine are based almost wholly on growth trials. These were carried out with groups of three or four pigs fed individually on semisynthetic diets. The trials generally lasted for only 30–35 days since several expensive amino acids were being fed. The main criticism is that the values given were not adequately substantiated by carrying out nitrogen-balance determinations. It is also possible that the nitrogen-retention values might have led to different conclusions from those arrived at on the basis of the growth trials only. The standards must remain tentative until tested with a larger number of animals and until many more nitrogenbalance determinations have been carried out.

Dietary intake of tryptophan tied emotion-related impulsivity in humans

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Javelle ◽  
Descartes Li ◽  
Philipp Zimmer ◽  
Sheri L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract. Emotion-related impulsivity, defined as the tendency to say or do things that one later regret during periods of heightened emotion, has been tied to a broad range of psychopathologies. Previous work has suggested that emotion-related impulsivity is tied to an impaired function of the serotonergic system. Central serotonin synthesis relies on the intake of the essential amino acid, tryptophan and its ability to pass through the blood brain barrier. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between emotion-related impulsivity and tryptophan intake. Methods: Undergraduate participants (N = 25, 16 women, 9 men) completed a self-rated measure of impulsivity (Three Factor Impulsivity Index, TFI) and daily logs of their food intake and exercise. These data were coded using the software NutriNote to evaluate intakes of tryptophan, large neutral amino acids, vitamins B6/B12, and exercise. Results: Correlational analyses indicated that higher tryptophan intake was associated with significantly lower scores on two out of three subscales of the TFI, Pervasive Influence of Feelings scores r =  –.502, p < . 010, and (lack-of) Follow-Through scores, r =  –.407, p < . 050. Conclusion: Findings provide further evidence that emotion-related impulsivity is correlated to serotonergic indices, even when considering only food habits. It also suggests the need for more research on whether tryptophan supplements might be beneficial for impulsive persons suffering from a psychological disorder.

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