scholarly journals Theoretical review of manifestations and features of social solidarity

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
D. S. Doktorova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Simultaneous Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels

This article is dedicated to issues of social solidarity actions and it`s features in modern Sociology theoretical framework. The literature review reviled that definition of social solidarity is a complex concept, which is not distinct from related definitions. Separation of Social solidarity characteristics form a significant contribution of this article. They exist in the group, where respect, mutual feelings, trust, unselfishness, pride and suffer from loss or betrayal occur. The forms of social solidarity existence have a substantial role and operate on different levels: around, for and according to something. Solidarity ties have a great importance, which quality depends on the level of covetousness. Such ties can also be motivating factors. Article describes the human behavior in the relations of social solidarity, which varies depending on level of organization, roles (major and secondary), scale. Time factor could be found in the center of the social solidarity concept. It can unite the group and have a simultaneous impact in past, present and future. This article shows the value of social solidarity brought by motives of the group members and moral rules, which might or might not be followed.

Ways and Voices in the Psychoanalysis of Links According to Enrique Pichon-Rivière

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Jaitin
Keyword(s):  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Different Levels

This article covers several stages of the work of Pichon-Rivière. In the 1950s he introduced the hypothesis of "the link as a four way relationship" (of reciprocal love and hate) between the baby and the mother. Clinical work with psychosis and psychosomatic disorders prompted him to examine how mental illness arises; its areas of expression, the degree of symbolisation, and the different fields of clinical observation. From the 1960s onwards, his experience with groups and families led him to explore a second path leading to "the voices of the link"—the voice of the internal family sub-group, and the place of the social and cultural voice where the link develops. This brought him to the definition of the link as a "bi-corporal and tri-personal structure". The author brings together the different levels of the analysis of the link, using as a clinical example the process of a psychoanalytic couple therapy with second generation descendants of a genocide within the limits of the transferential and countertransferential field. Body language (the core of the transgenerational link) and the couple's absences and presence during sessions create a rhythm that gives rise to an illusion, ultimately transforming the intersubjective link between the partners in the couple and with the analyst.

scholarly journals Entreprenariat social et entreprenariat collectif : synthèse et constats

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Fontan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
French Language ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Nous Permet ◽  
The Social ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
Nous Voyons ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Revue De Littérature

RÉSUMÉL’article présente les résultats d’une recherche portant sur les notions d’entrepreneur social et d’entrepreneur collectif. Après avoir défini le concept d’entrepreneur, nous voyons comment les qualitatifs « social » et « collectif » transforment l’idée d’entreprendre en un projet plus intégré où les objectifs sociaux, politiques et économiques sont « harmonieusement » agencés. La recherche repose essentiellement sur la réalisation d’une revue de littérature de textes clés produits en langue française et anglaise en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. L’analyse des données recueillies nous permet de présenter des critères simples pour proposer une définition de ces notions qui devrait rendre compte de la réalité des pratiques rencontrées sur le terrain et des contributions théoriques et critiques faites par les auteurs et travaux consultés. Elle permet aussi de présenter une dizaine de constats qui illustrent tant les points de convergence que les divergences observées entre les types d’entreprenariat étudiés.ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a study bearing on the notions of social entrepreneur and collectiveentrepreneur. After defining the concept of entrepreneur, I look at how the adjectives “social” and “collective” transform the project of being an entrepreneur into a more integrated one where the social, political and economic objectives are “harmoniously” organized. The study is essentially based on a literature review of key English- and French-language texts written in North America and in Europe. The analysis of the collected data allows me to present simple criteria for proposing a definition of these notions that should take into account both the reality of the practices encountered in the field and the theoretical and critical contributions made by the authors and the texts that I consulted. It also enables me to present ten observations that illustrate both the points of convergence and divergence between the types of entrepreneurship that I studied.

The Challenges of Managing the Private Institutions of Social Solidarity

2017 ◽  
pp. 23-54
Author(s):  
Teresa Dieguez ◽  
Oscarina Conceição ◽  
Ângela Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Community Integration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Levels

The Private Institutions of Social Solidarity (IPSS) are constituted as not-for-profit with the purpose of giving organized expression to the moral duty of solidarity and justice among individuals by private initiative. IPSS helps children, young people and families support social and community integration, assist the elderly and disabled, promote and safeguard health, education and vocational training and resolve housing problems. This study focused on the answers offered to the elderly people, specifically through the service provided on the Social Centers. We tried to analyze existing practices, identify good practices and understand their frequency, while understanding the open-mindedness level to change and innovation. As research methodology we conducted surveys among users and technicians. The study concluded that communication is always present between the different institutions even if in different levels. Networking and good practices customized accordingly to the users keep them satisfied and more active in their daily life.

Unlocking the social domain in sustainable development

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Domain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Untapped Resource

Purpose – Beginning with a multitude of differing definitions and theories of CSR and sustainability, an analysis of the effects and impacts of the social domain to remain an untapped resource to strengthen and merge the practice of sustainable development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing a systematic review of literature between 1977 and 2013 about CSR and sustainability definitions and theories to reveal knowledge fragmentation in the use of the social domain and its implications within sustainable development. Findings – Identifies the gaps of the social domain in sustainable development and raises awareness to advance sustainable development beyond current sustainable development strategies, initiatives and practices. The pertinent publications from the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the systematic literature review were analyzed to determine how the social domain is used and interpreted in CSR and sustainability. Based upon the findings, four themes represent the social domain as socio-economics, stakeholders, societal well-being and social sustainability with suggestions for further research. Research limitations/implications – The systematic literature review searched one academic search engine and focussed on journals and books written in English. Originality/value – The contribution of the paper highlights, first, how an underdeveloped social domain can contribute toward multiple meanings of sustainable development and the social domain’s untapped capacity to develop a clearer standard definition of sustainable development and second, the potential to advance competitive advantage for corporations and governments.

scholarly journals Exploring various approaches of social innovation: a francophone literature review and a proposal of innovation typology

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Gregoire
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Francophone Literature ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Theoretical Saturation ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to clarify the multiple different approaches of social innovation, focusing on francophone literature. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: We propose an in-depth literature review that questions the meaning of the adjective "social" when used by authors to qualify an innovation, that highlights the different approaches of the concept, their relations to each other and their limits, and that illustrates these approaches with concrete examples. Finally, we build on these materials to propose a new innovation typology that wholly integrates social innovation. Key methodological aspects: The literature review is based on a selection of 25 papers in French - the mother language of the author - which were collected and analyzed using the "theoretical saturation point" method: we stopped the review when we felt there was no new crucial element in the next articles read, that is, when it seemed that a "saturation point" of information had been reached about theories on social innovation. Summary of key results: The definition of social innovation as new answers provided to unsatisfied or badly-satisfied social demands seems to prevail in the literature. It can be divided into three sub-approaches: the public policies, the social entrepreneurship, and the participatory dynamics, which strikes us as the most interesting, without excluding the others. Key considerations/conclusions: We propose a new innovation typology, which presents social innovation's relations to other types of innovation. We conclude with some considerations about social innovation context of emergence, and about its ambiguous position in the neoliberal system.

scholarly journals Dikotomi Ulama menurut Perspektif Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Mutrofin Mutrofin ◽  
Izzul Madid
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Life Context ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Definition Of

Islamic Scholars (ulama) have important position in Muslim society, they are not only as references but also as determinants in decisions making process, specially related to the benefit of the ummah, as a result, who can be called ulama is not clear, as a result, ulama are defined according to the interests of certain groups. This article examines the dichotomy of scholars in Al-Ghazali's perspective. This article uses data from literature review sources, especially the works written by Al-Ghazali. This article concludes that Al-Ghazali did a sociological reading of the ulama concept according to the social, political, and life context. At the time of Al-Ghazali, the term ulama had become a certain social status, even this term was juxtaposed with certain types of scholarship. With the various titles of ulama according to their expertise, this condition caused a conflict between them. The goal of each group is to claim the most correct according to their opinion. This article discusses the definition of ulama in Alghazali's perspective along with the standards developed by Alghazali to determine the criteria of the ulama in the context of the Islamic community during  he lived that stiil suitable to be applied today.Abstrak:  Ulama memiliki posisi yang cukup penting dalam masyarakat, mereka tidak hanya sebagai panutan namunn juga sebagai penentu dalam penggambilan keputusan terkait denggan kemaslahatan umat, akibatnya siapa yang dapat disebut sebagai ulama merupa area yang kadang abu-abu, akibatnya ulama didefinisikan sesuai kepentingan kelompok tertentu.  Artikel ini  mengkaji tentang dikotomi ulama dalam perspektif Al-Ghazali.  Artikel ini mengunakan data dari sumber kajian kepustakaan khususnya karya-karya yangg ditulis oleh Alghazali.  Kesimpulan dari artikel ini bahwa Al-Ghazali melakukan pembacaan secara sosiologis atas konsep ulama tersebut sesuai dengan konteks sosial, politik dan kehidupannya. Pada masa Al-Ghazali istilah ulama sudah menjadi status sosial tertentu, bahkan istilah ulama ini disandingkan pada jenis keilmuan tertentu. Dengan berbagai julukan ulama sesuai dengan keahliannya tersebut, memunculkan mereka untuk saling berseteru antara ulama satu dengan lainnya. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengklaim yang paling benar menerut pendapat tertentu.  Artikel ini membahas tentang definisi ulama dalam perskpektif Alghazali beserta standar yang dikembang oleh Alghazali untuk mentukan kriteria ulama dalam konteks masyarakat islam saat itu.

Global Civil Society, Peacebuilding, and Statebuilding

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Mary Kaldor ◽  
Denisa Kostovicova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Law ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Global Civil Society ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
International Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Ngos ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels

This chapter grounds a definition of global civil society in the existence of international law and links with international networks of either international NGOs or support groups crucial for enabling civil society groups in postconflict countries to operate. Conceptualizing civil society in these global terms, the chapter critiques a technocratic approach to peace- and statebuilding that reduces the multitude of civil society actors to NGOs and their limited ability to address the social condition created by war. If the state of persistent disorder created by a combination of fragmentation and globalization is to be transformed, activist civil society needs to be regarded as a partner in countering sectarian and fundamentalist narratives and in increasing the accountability of corrupt elites. Activist civil society is underpinned by an assumption that protest, activism, debate, and deliberation are the main mechanisms for change. Linked up with international actors, it can provide the basis for a strategy for constructing legitimate institutions at different levels. By focusing on elites associated with the armed groups as participants in the peace talks in a top-down approach to conflict resolution, the international community has at least implicitly endorsed the marginalization of activist civil society. Reversing this relationship opens up new possibilities for reducing violence and for building peace.

scholarly journals Entrepreneuriat Social et Participation Citoyenne

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Brouard ◽  
Sophie Larivet ◽  
Ouafa Sakka
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Definition Of

RÉSUMÉ L'entrepreneuriat social est un concept émergeant, notamment dans les sciences de l'administration. Pourtant, en dehors d'une pratique directoriale spécifique, il est aussi une forme de participation citoyenne trop méconnue. L'objectif de cet article, basé sur une revue de la littérature et une approche théorique, est de présenter le concept d'entrepreneuriat social afin de mieux saisir son positionnement par rapport à la participation citoyenne. L'entrepreneuriat social constitue une forme particulière de participation à l'espace public par l'action, les entreprises sociales agissant au quotidien pour transformer le paysage social. En particulier, cet article souligne le contexte de développement de l'entrepreneuriat social, définit le concept et les notions connexes d'entreprise sociale et d'entrepreneur social, et, enfin, présente une réflexion sur la contribution de l'entrepreneuriat social à la participation citoyenne. L'article montre que l'entrepreneuriat social est une façon pour les citoyens d'agir directement et avec maîtrise sur la société.   ABSTRACT Social entrepreneurship is an emerging concept, notably in administrative sciences. However, not only is it a specific managerial practice but it is also a type of citizen participation that is not well-known. The objective of this article, based on a literature review and a theoretical approach, is to present the concept of social entrepreneurship in order to better understand its relation to citizen participation. Social entrepreneurship represents a specific type of citizen participation involving actions. Social enterprises act daily to transform the social landscape. More specifically, this article presents the context of development of social entrepreneurship, proposes a definition of the concept and of other connected notions like "social enterprise" and "social entrepreneur", and, finally, analyzes the contribution of social entrepreneurship to citizen participation. It shows that social entrepreneurship is a way for citizens to act directly and with some power on society.

scholarly journals Social Values and Education: A Brief Comparative Approach from Schwartz to White’s and Hand’s Theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalavouras Georgios ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Sociology Of Education ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Semantic Correlation ◽  
Social Axioms ◽  
The Social

This paper aims to present in brief the main researches about the prediction of social behavior through values and social axioms, to suggest their utilization in the field of philosophy and sociology of education and also to highlight the significant contribution of the educator in the moral edification of a person. Initially, it is being held a brief reference to Schwartz’s theory of values and social axioms in order to show the important role they play in social behavior. Then, Schwartz's study of intercultural values as well as their outcomes is outlined in detail. The ensuing report refers to researches which took place both intercultural and in Greece about social axioms and dimensions that have been found. It is being accomplished an approach about researches that have been made intercultural and aimed at predicting the social behavior with the help of values and social axioms. In parallel, there is a brief survey of Michael Hand’s theory about moral education and its criticism. By the literature review is being proved that there is a semantic correlation between values and social axioms, but there isn’t a significant combination of social behavior. From their roots, both values and social axioms seem to affect social behavior.

scholarly journals Starving honeybees lose self-control

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20140820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mayack ◽  
Dhruba Naug
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
High Metabolic Rate ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
Olfactory Conditioning ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour ◽  
The Social ◽  
Energetic State ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Levels

Impulsivity, the widespread preference for a smaller and more immediate reward over a larger and more delayed reward, is known to vary across species, and the metabolic and social hypotheses present contrasting explanations for this variation. However, this presents a paradox for an animal such as the honeybee, which is highly social, yet has a high metabolic rate. We test between these two competing hypotheses by investigating the effect of hunger on impulsivity in bees isolated from their social environment. Using an olfactory conditioning assay, we trained individuals to associate a small and a large reward with or without a delay, and we tested their choice between the two rewards at different levels of starvation. We found an increase in impulsive behaviour and an associated increase in dopamine levels in the brain with increasing starvation. These results suggest that the energetic state of an individual, even in a eusocial group, is a critical driver of impulsivity, and that the social harmony of a group can be threatened when the energetic states of the group members are in conflict.

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