scholarly journals Research of socio-cultural development of urban space in the sociological dimensions of the present

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
O. V. Horpynych ◽  
Z. I. Ibrahimova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

The article deals with modern approaches to the sociological study of the problem of the socio-cultural development of local (urban, regional) social spaces in the context of the transformation of intercultural relations in today’s communication and information conditions. Highlighted key aspects of identifying factors of new social relations, values, norms, mentality, socio-psychological properties of members of multicultural communities in the context of the development of technologies for the formation of public opinion. The main trends of modern intercultural interaction are characterized as everyday changes in conditions, qualities, fields of activity, integration of values and the generation of new forms of cultural activity. The necessity of a sociological analysis of factors influencing information technologies, containing signs of both direct and indirect (implicit) forms of influence on a regional multicultural community, is substantiated. It identifies promising areas of sociological research on the compatibility factors of territorial cultural identities for successful implementation of effective ways of living together in the context of developing new forms of cultural self-determination and further intercultural interactions of regional communities. Socio-cultural regional space is considered as a structured social space in which transformational changes in society have led to the intensification of various forms of mobility of social actors, changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of socio-cultural groups, the emergence of new ones - due to the factors of conditionality, the deepening of cultural and environmental polarization within the traditional, the formation of a new model of intercultural relations. The evolution of sociological research from the research of the social aspects of urbanization and its impact on the activities of individual individuals and communities to study the factors of the functioning of independent socio-cultural entities in the broad contexts of regional development is due to changes that are caused by transformational processes in modern society. The authors of the article conclude that the current problem of sociological support is the relative weak correlation between socio-cultural factors of the formation of regional communities and the dynamics of intercultural and communicative characteristics of individuals in the information conditions of the present, which complicates the use of traditional methods for sociology of studying processes of social mobility. The article emphasizes that the analysis of sociocultural policy and strategies of cultural development of local communities in the context of problems caused by the consequences of war, which is based on the principle of multidimensional hierarchical research of stratification models with a combination of objective and subjective indicators, qualitative and quantitative measures Subjective and objective indicators to identify the most successful adaptation strategies.

scholarly journals Urban Public Space of a Small City and the Needs of Residents in Realizing Practices of Socio-Cultural Interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-335
Author(s):  
V. Petrova ◽  
V. Dvoinev
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Urban Public Space ◽  
The City

To date, the urban environment is considered as an interesting area of sociological research. Urban space represents a built environment, which includes buildings, streets, squares, parks, embankments, etc. Every day, citizens interact with this public space, build their routes, form impressions and the image of the city, they also evaluate its effectiveness in connection with opportunities for the realization of their needs of socio–cultural interaction. Public spaces are those places where holidays are held, social and economic relations are formed, verbal and non-verbal communications are created. In urban public space take place meetings of friends and acquaintances, the integration of various cultures, social groups with diverse goals, norms and attitudes. Public spaces act as a stage for the social life of individuals when they are a comfortable, accessible and safe environment. The article presents the results of a sociological study of the conformity of public spaces of the city of Vyazma in the Smolensk region with the needs of its population. The study was conducted using observation and interview methods. An analysis of the collected data helped to identify the main purpose of the urban public space as it is seen by the residents, the types of their interactions, to determine the structure, functions and effectiveness, as well as to assess the quality of the content and equipment of the urban public spaces, as well as to identify the most active groups of population and how their activities change in the daily and seasonal cycles. Based on the results obtained, recommendations were developed for improving and developing public space and urban life in general. Recommendations can become the basis for creating design solutions for a comfortable, safe and innovative environment for both small and large cities.

scholarly journals THE SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE IN THE TEAM AS AN OBJECT OF SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
I.A. Vasilyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Object Of Study

The socio-psychological climate of the collective is a sociocultural phenomenon. It is an object of study in a number of sciences and fields of knowledge. The relevance of its study is due to its high practical significance. First of all, we are talking about the influence of the socio-psychological climate on the effectiveness of the team and the organization as a whole. Nevertheless, it is possible to single out not only the applied aspect of the study, but also the theoretical aspect. This means the need to increase theoretical knowledge in the field of collectives as microsystems. The author notes that the socio-psychological climate of the team is an interdisciplinary object of study, but most definitions of the concept are psychological in color. The article presents a methodological analysis of the concept, from a sociological point of view. In sociology, the socio-psychological climate is studied in different theoretical paradigms, namely: in the framework of systemic, communicative and interpretative approaches, theories of exchange and conflict; theories of subcultures. In addition, the socio-psychological climate as an object of study of sociology is at the intersection of various sectoral sociology (sociology of the "middle level"). So, the socio-psychological climate of the team is studied by the sociology of small groups, the sociology of labor and professions, the sociology of organizations, the sociology of personality, the sociology of conflict, network sociology. Based on theoretical analysis the author has identified a number of concepts that limit the field of sociological research of the socio-psychological climate of the team: the quality of relations, solidarity, trust, tight social ties, job satisfaction, the "rules of the game", value unity, and others. It is concluded that the object of sociological study, in the end, is the quality of social relations in the collective and is a sociocultural phenomenon that functions in the communicative space of the collective.

scholarly journals On the way to eliminating theoretical difficulties of sociology of morality

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-262
Author(s):  
A. A. Sanzhenakov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Moral Realism ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociology Of Morality ◽  
Moral Qualities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Moral Facts

The article aims at presenting theoretical difficulties of sociology of morality and possible ways to overcome them. The importance of this issue is determined by the necessity of the scientific study of moral elements of the contemporary society in order to prevent its dehumanization. Sociology of morality focuses on the empirical study of various moral phenomena (justice, duty, conscience) in the social space. At the first stage of such a study, sociologists conduct observations and collect data, and at the second stage, they generalize moral facts to identify moral patterns. In sociology, morality is considered as an element of society; therefore, it is not analyzed by itself but within a system of social relations. One of the difficulties of such studies is the ambivalent nature of morality, i.e. its existence in both public and individual consciousness: if sociologists ignore the individual mode of morality, they misrepresent the content of moral facts. Another reason for theoretical difficulties in the study of morality is that sociologists use outdated ideas about the nature of moral truths and researchers impartiality - moral judgments are considered as not being true or false, and the researcher should ignore his value attitudes when collecting and analyzing data. The elimination of these difficulties can lead to the loss of the sociological research specifics and to the merger of sociology and moral philosophy. Representatives of the new sociology of morality have to reform this field but ensure its status of an independent scientific discipline. One of the ways to solve this task is to use ideas of analytic philosophy, in particular, of moral realism that defines moral qualities as qualities of real things, and moral truths as having the same status as scientific truths.

scholarly journals Visual sociological research using film and video, on the example of urban studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The City ◽  
Film And Video

The use of film and video in sociological research, or social sciences in general, has a long and well-established tradition. Motion pictures have, on the one hand, been the object of analysis, as in the case of sociology of film, and, on the other, they have been used as a research tool. Moreover, films can be scientific statements in their own right, as is the case with sociological film. The use of visual methods based on both still and moving pictures works very well for exploring the physical and social space of the city. The article looks at ways of using films and the actual process of obtaining film data in sociological research. Works featuring urban themes will be considered as special cases to illustrate the author’s reflections. It is noteworthy that early cinema already showed urban space, as exemplified in the films by the Lumière brothers who, incidentally, treated their motion pictures primarily as a scientific tool. City-related topics appear in research by film sociologists who analysed films featuring urban themes, among other things. Later, sociologists themselves began to use cameras in their studies and teaching. One way of using a camera for these purposes is simply to record observations of certain places and people’s behaviour. These video recordings are subsequently analysed, applying various methods developed in the field of sociology and other sciences. Another technique, well-suited for exploring urban space, is a mobile camera, used for example for video tours, as introduced by Sarah Pink. And, finally, sociological film focusing on the city plays a vital role in social research.

scholarly journals Social mood of the residents of Moscow city at the beginning of the novel coronavirus pandemic (covid-19): possibilities of medical and sociological analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Reshetnikov ◽  
N. V Prisyazhnaya ◽  
Sergey V. Pavlov ◽  
Nadezhda Y. Vyatkina
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

A new coronavirus infection, which affected most countries in the world, besides the direct risk to the health and socio-economic well-being (stability) of the population, determined the large-scale coverage of states and societies with associated risks, including the observed transformation of social space, the increase in the phenomena of voluntary social isolation and encapsulation of part among the population, and the revision of the value of social ties. In temporal terms, the density of the observed changes in the social sentiments of society and the socio-structural characteristics of this period need both retrospective reflection and sociological analysis, as foresight analysis appears to be applicable to the current social situation. This study presents the results of a medical and sociological study (questionnaire survey), implemented during the beginning of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia on a sample of residents of Moscow. According to the study, despite the high level of awareness of Muscovites about the immediate risk and consequences of the coronavirus infection on their health, the respondents are mainly concerned about the socio-economic consequences of the pandemic. At the same time, the ideas of the respondents about the post-pandemic world include a large-scale economic decline, a violation of the functionality of the health system, and an increase in social conflicts and social disunity in the society. The main difficulties of medical and sociological research (respondent recruitment and data collection) were determined by epidemiological conditions. The study toolkit was developed considering the main trends in the spread of infection in the country and the observed social sentiment of Russians, but the high dynamics of changes did not allow to cover a wider range of issues that became relevant for Muscovites in the self-isolation period (AprilMay), which determined the understanding of the need for a second wave of research (planned for autumn 2020).

Place-making and the bordering of urban space: Interpreting the emergence of new neighbourhoods in Berlin and Budapest

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W Scott ◽  
Christophe Sohn
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Urban Contexts

The objective of this paper is to theorize border-making processes in urban contexts as exemplary of the ways in which borders within human societies are formed. In fact, the question as to whether socially meaningful borders are created through state-society and systemic relations or whether they ultimately emerge locally out of social relations is not as trivial as it might seem. The concept of ‘bordering’ implies non-finalizable processes in which socio-spatial distinction is constantly created, confirmed and challenged. Far from being solely a product of state territoriality and international relations, borders are also social institutions that are constantly created, maintained and re-created as a means of negotiating the complexities of everyday life. Urban contexts reveal much about the rationales and mechanisms behind bordering processes. Our concrete bordering focus is related to place and to place-making processes that reflect the attributions, appropriations and representations of place ideas. As is argued in this paper, urban borders are a nexus between everyday practices of differentiating social space, the instrumentality of place-making, for example, as a project of urban development, and the ontological need for a sense of rootedness in place. Two case studies of urban change in Budapest and Berlin will be developed that illustrate this nexus.

scholarly journals Space­time coordinates of society: accessible and inaccessible time

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-285
Author(s):  
T. M. Shaverdo
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Time ◽  
Objective Time ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
Universal Measuring

The article is devoted to the analysis of prospects for a sociological study of the space­time coordinates of society. The philosophical interpretation of the categories “time” and “space” are considered in the framework of German ide- alism. The transition of I. Kant’s transcendental ideas to sociology is represented. The origin of the concepts of social space and social time is considered in the framework of the research program of E. Durkheim. Attention is focused on the study of social time in the works of P. Sorokin, R. Merton, P. Shtompka, E. Zerubavel. The dichotomy of astronomical and social time is considered as a point of problematization in sociological research. This dichotomy seems to be insufficiently correct, because the astronomical concept of time does not reflect “objective time”, but acts as a generally accepted scale, according to which people correlate their actions. In order to avoid terminological inaccuracy, it is proposed to distinguish the following categories: “time” as a meta­phenomenon that permeates all spheres of reality; “time scale” as a universal measuring con- struct; “temporary regularity” as the rhythm of events. The productivity of using the category “temporality” in the analysis of social phenomena is justified in the article.

scholarly journals Representation of Expert Knowledge in the Legal Field and the Problem of Legitimacy of Legal Decisions

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
E V Maslovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Legal Decisions ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Structural Context ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Informal Relations

The article demonstrates the possibilities and limitations of different theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of interaction of forensic experts and jurists. The author substantiates the relevance of combining the concept of «working group» and Bourdieu’s theory of juridical field for problematizing the legitimacy of legal decisions in the context of representation of expert knowledge in legal proceedings. This approach allows us not only to analyze the process of circulation of expert knowledge but also to take into account the structural context of interaction of forensic experts and jurists revealing the interests, strategies and tactics of various actors. The article emphasizes the need for conducting empirical sociological research focused on entanglement of dispositions of actors and their positions in social space. The author’s approach allows to reveal the strategies of using expert knowledge for legitimization of legal decisions. Interviews with participants in legal proceedings confirm that pre- judicial «working groups» are characteristic for the system of criminal justice in Russia. The persistence of relations between participants of a pre-judicial «working group» is defined by institutional interdependence of organizations which they represent and by informal relations. The differences between «working groups» are based on such factors as the scale of urban space and the degree of diversification of the market of expert services.

scholarly journals Everyday practices research: the analysis of religious travel practices in Belarusian society

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Elena V. Shkurova ◽  
Tatsiana V. Burak
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Religious Travel

The article discusses the importance of travel practices in the structure of social relations between religious subjects in the field of involvement in interfaith relations. The results of a sociological study of travels to holy places are presented in a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodology, questionnaire survey and semiotic analysis of texts. A qualitative approach to the study of religiosity provides an in-depth interpretation of the religious practices pecularities. However, the quantitative representation is relevant to identify general trends in the formation of strategies of religious behaviour. The model combinatig qualitative and quantitative methods of studying tourist practices provides the possibility of their complex analysis. The experience of carried out sociological research shows how qualitative research data can clearly complement the structural characteristics of religious travel (quantitative indicators) with the features of the subjectivity of such travel. The study found: 1) a religious journey involves the implementation of everyday practices of reproduction of meanings and participation in intercultural interaction, as well as the implementation of sacred rituals; 2) a notable number of the religious population in Belarus has experience of religious travel, but pilgrimage is not a regular practice for a significant part of them; 3) the iconic pilgrimage structure is constructed in the virtual verbal texts of Belarusians involved in the daily practice of travelling to holy places. It is formed by several components of the meaning of the «path»: life, the spiritual path, search, cognition, communication, unity, collective emotions.

scholarly journals PRACTICES AND MODES OF MODERN URBAN SPACEVISION

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
R. D. Fanagey
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Space Architecture ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the cultural analysis of the influence of the theory of postfordism, which considers post-Fordist production with post-industrial technology as the basis of industrial reproduction at the global level and the reproduction of capitalist social relations after the crisis of the Fordist mode of production and consumption. The abstract social space of the city is studied, which is formed by abstraction of labor and fetishization of things at the level of practice and the formation of a visually geometric representation of space with sign power re- pressive in relation to reality. The basis of the concept of sociality as the basis of a unified theory of space was developed by the French philosopher and sociologist A. Lefebvre and further developed by American social geography and urban studies, in particular in the works of D. Harvey, E. Soggy, D. Gottdiener and others. The followers of Lefebvre (apart from those important are F. Jameson's influence) refer in particular to the interdisciplinary trend of post-Fordism, within which postmodernism is considered in connection with the post-Fordist regime of accumulation (a concept developed by the Marxist regulatory school). S. Lesch focuses on the cultural mode of signaling. Likewise, D. Hartmann considers the influence of postmodernism on the post-Fordist regime of capitalism. Paolo True and Pascal Gillen consider within the limits of post-Fordism the existence in modern conditions of the plural. V. Martyanov examines the links between post-Fordism and the post-industrial / information society conceptualized by D. Bell, E. Toffler, M. Castels and others. The article deals with the reconstruction of the theory of social space and post-Fordism and outlines the social transformations of the twentieth century. In essence, it was a search for confirmation that the accumulation mode produces and reproduces social space. Architecture and urban space have become an important structural link through which to consider this connection and justify the invariance of the basic mode of accumu- lation through the reproduction of abstract social space and vice versa. The analysis of the discourse around the urban abstract space associated with the identity of the bourgeois class and the need for the for- mation of a hierarchized homogeneous spatial texture of production is carried out. As well as post-Fordist globalization and post-industrialization, which led to a change in the function and structure of the city with the main role of the post-modernist regime of signification as the logic of late capitalism in the context of programmed consumption.

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