scholarly journals THE SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE IN THE TEAM AS AN OBJECT OF SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
I.A. Vasilyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Object Of Study

The socio-psychological climate of the collective is a sociocultural phenomenon. It is an object of study in a number of sciences and fields of knowledge. The relevance of its study is due to its high practical significance. First of all, we are talking about the influence of the socio-psychological climate on the effectiveness of the team and the organization as a whole. Nevertheless, it is possible to single out not only the applied aspect of the study, but also the theoretical aspect. This means the need to increase theoretical knowledge in the field of collectives as microsystems. The author notes that the socio-psychological climate of the team is an interdisciplinary object of study, but most definitions of the concept are psychological in color. The article presents a methodological analysis of the concept, from a sociological point of view. In sociology, the socio-psychological climate is studied in different theoretical paradigms, namely: in the framework of systemic, communicative and interpretative approaches, theories of exchange and conflict; theories of subcultures. In addition, the socio-psychological climate as an object of study of sociology is at the intersection of various sectoral sociology (sociology of the "middle level"). So, the socio-psychological climate of the team is studied by the sociology of small groups, the sociology of labor and professions, the sociology of organizations, the sociology of personality, the sociology of conflict, network sociology. Based on theoretical analysis the author has identified a number of concepts that limit the field of sociological research of the socio-psychological climate of the team: the quality of relations, solidarity, trust, tight social ties, job satisfaction, the "rules of the game", value unity, and others. It is concluded that the object of sociological study, in the end, is the quality of social relations in the collective and is a sociocultural phenomenon that functions in the communicative space of the collective.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF METHODICAL APPROACHES AND METHODS OF COMPLEX MARKETING RESEARCHES IN FOOD ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhama Isgandarova
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Quality Coefficient ◽  
Average Monthly Income ◽  
The Difference

The methodology for assessing the quality of public service at catering firms should be based on a comparison of consumer expectations and perceptions in relation to the service process, that is, the quality coefficient is determined as the difference between perception and expectations. In this case, the quality factor can be determined both by the indicator of interest and by the enterprise as a whole. Consequently, the criteria for assessing the quality of public service at catering establishments must be formed taking into account its type and class. To obtain primary information from consumers, it is necessary to organize and conduct a sociological study. When choosing a method of sociological research, it is advisable to give preference to interviews, since this is a rather flexible method of collecting information, based on direct contact between the interviewer and the respondent. The main advantage of the interview, in comparison with the questionnaire, is the ability to control the perception and understanding of the questions by the respondent; if necessary, the interviewer can explain the questions asked, and also clarify the respondent's point of view with the help of additional questions.When conducting a sociological research by the interview method, the requirements for the formation of a questionnaire are significantly reduced. The list of questions asked to respondents should be expanded with personal questions, the purpose of which is to reflect: age, social status, average monthly income. These questions are necessary to represent the target group of consumers of public catering services.

scholarly journals Three Aspects of the Phenomenon of Science: In Search for Unity among Sociologists

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
N. G. Popova ◽  
E. V. Biricheva ◽  
T. A. Beavitt
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Diverse Field ◽  
Object Of Study

Introduction. In today’s globalising world, science acquires a crucial importance: integrating humanity within the framework of solving global problems, it becomes one of the leading factors in social development, facilitating work and diversifying leisure time, as well as serving as an instrument of transformations in the political sphere. Undoubtedly, the social aspects of contemporary science are capturing the attention of a huge number of researchers. However, it is not clear that all areas of the sociology of science treat the object of their study in the same way.Aim. A lack of reflection on the unity or otherwise in the understanding of the essence of science in the various fields of sociological research makes it difficult to compare different theories of the institutional, cultural, social and communicative contexts of scientific development. An urgent methodological task therefore consists in developing an understanding of the various definitions of the concept of “science” used in the framework of contemporary sociological analysis of this phenomenon.Results and scientific novelty. In this paper, two dominant sociological views on science – as an experimental-mathematical approach to cognising the world and as a system of representations in general – are compared. We conclude that while researchers studying institutional aspects of science tend to interpret it in terms of the “heritage” of post-Enlightenment European rationalism, constructionist and communicatively-oriented researchers tend to approach science as the system of knowledge and cognition that is formed in any human society, having its own specific sociocultural features in each respective case. While each of these two approaches undoubtedly has its own methodological potential, in order to provide such a diverse field of studies with a common ground, it would be necessary to balance them with a third aspect. We argue that this balancing role, since both common for all mankind and unique for every culture, could be played by Heidegger’s conceptualisation of science as “the theory of the real”.Practical significance. In order to avoid a pluralism of incompatible theories, it is important to continually pose the question “what is the object of study when conducting a sociological study of various scientific phenomena?” – as well as to understand the “limits of applicability” of the particular interpretation of science on which basis sociological analysis proceeds.

scholarly journals Theoretical aspect of unification of legislation.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Kleshchenko N.O.
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Domestic Law

The article examines the theoretical aspect of unification and its impact on the effectiveness of legislation. It is noted that regardless of the place of creation, the legislative process has always been and remains a difficult task, the solution of which requires a comprehensive approach. Unification is studied from a philological and legal point of view. It is emphasized that unification has been actively studied with the development of international organizations, and is an effective way to regulate legislation and integration into the international legal space, as expressed in the joint cooperation of different countries through the adoption of similar legal acts. It is now widespread in the legal systems of countries such as Denmark, Sweden, Finland, where maritime, trade, contractual, binding legislation, etc. are unified. Unification directly affects the quality of legislation, as well as contributes to the convergence of legal systems. In general, it can be described as a way of converging legal systems by forming a uniform legal regulation within the relevant legal space. The points of view of legal scholars on the definition of the concept of unification of legislation are considered. Unification is characterized as a process of streamlining legislation in order to uniformly regulate social relations in different legal systems. Emphasis is placed on the mandatory implementation of unified norms in the domestic law of the state. Key words: unification of legislation, legal regulation, implementation, system of legislation.

scholarly journals Perspectives pour la linguistique : de la linguistique descriptive à la linguistique explicative

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Wiesław Banyś
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primitive Elements ◽  
Aim Of Science ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Components ◽  
General Linguistic ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The text deals with one of the challenges of linguistics, which is to effectively combine description and explanation in linguistics.It is necessary that linguistic theories are not only capable of adequately describing their object of study within their framework, but they must also have a suitable explanatory power.Linguistics centred around the explanation of the why of the system is called here ‘explanatory’ or ‘non-autonomous’, in contrast to ‘descriptive’ or ‘autonomous’ linguistics, which is focused on the description of the system, the distinction being based on the difference in the objects of study, the goals and the descriptive and explanatory possibilities of the theories.From the point of view presented here, a comprehensive study of language has three main components: a general theory of what language is, a resulting theory and description, which is a function of this theory, of how language is organised, functions and has evolved in the human brain, and an explanation of the properties of language found.The explanatory value of a general linguistic theory is a function of various elements, among others, the quantity of the primitive elements of the theory adopted and the effectiveness of Ockham’s razor principle of simplicity. It is also a function of the quality of those elements which can be drawn not only from within the system, but also from outside the system becoming in this situation logically prior to the object under study.In science, in linguistics, one naturally needs two types of approach, two types of linguistics, descriptive/autonomous and explanatory/non-autonomous, one must first describe reality in order to explain it. But it is also certain that since the aim of science is to explain in order to reach that higher level of scientificity above pure description, it is necessary that this aim be realized in different linguistic theories within different research programs, uniting descriptivist and explanatory approaches.

THE PROBLEM OF PROVIDING GUARANTEES ON THE QUALITY OF MILITARY SPECIALISTS’ TRAINING: RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Y. Chernykh ◽  
O. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Competence ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Military Institute

The article examines the quality of training of cadets – the graduates of higher military educational institutions and military educational units of higher education institutions (hereinafter – HMEI). The quality of training is assessed by future officers as the main components of their own competencies. The main factors contributing to the improvement of the quality of military specialists’ training are analyzed.In order to assess the quality of training of military specialists during the implementation of research work among graduates of HMEI, a sociological study has been conducted. The main attention is paid to the problem of identifying the current state of the quality of training of military specialists and the identification of factors that will increase the effectiveness of the educational process in the HMEI. The sample was taken in seven leading HMEI: National Army Academy, Kharkiv National Air Force University, Military Academy (Odesa), Institute of Armored Forces of National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, Zhytomyr Military Institute, the Military Institute of Telecommunications and Informatization, Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.The quality of training of military specialists was considered from the point of view of graduates’ self-examination, namely: awareness of their own professionalism; possibilities of realization of individual abilities and inclinations; mastering the methodology of self-education, self-improvement; psychological readiness for professional activity; competence; ability to perform employment duties in the troops successfully.When planning a sociological study, all questions were brought together into five main blocks: socio-demographic characteristics of respondents; level of readiness of graduates to perform employment duties in troops, forces (the formation of appropriate competencies); changes (directions of improvement) in the content and methods of studying in HMEI offered by graduates to improve the quality of their own training; organizational measures that, in future officers’ opinion, should be used to improve the quality of training of military specialists; factors that are more of a concern for graduates after completing their studies;Key words: quality of training, professional competence, graduate of higher military educational institution, sociological survey

e-Government in the Stavropol Region: Assessment of the Level of Citizens' Satisfaction with the Provision of Public and Municipal Services

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2206
Author(s):  
Irina Vladimirovna NOVIKOVA ◽  
Aleksandr Ivanovich P'YANOV ◽  
Slavko Brankovich RUDICH ◽  
Valentina Anatolievna IVASHOVA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Stavropol Region

The article analyzes the measures to introduce the model of the organization of ʽe-governmentʽ in the Stavropol Territory and presents the results of a specific sociological study to determine the level of satisfaction of citizens with its functioning. The sociological research was carried out on the basis of probabilistic (random) sampling in 5 urban and 6 rural municipalities of the Stavropol region. As a method of collecting primary data, a survey was used in the form of questionnaires and interviewing. In addition to the study of the degree of satisfaction of residents of cities and rural areas of the Stavropol Territory the quality of the work of multifunctional centers, we set out to identify the main problems in the provision of public and municipal services by these centers. An analysis of the results of the research showed that the current model of the organization of ʽe-governmentʽ in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is ineffective and requires an institutional reorganization of the mechanisms of inter-agency cooperation.

scholarly journals Ethnolinguistic Contradictions in Schooling in Russian Republics

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Ekaterina M. Arutyunova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Ethnic Attitudes ◽  
Regional Leadership ◽  
The Status ◽  
Very High ◽  
Federal Center

The article presents an analysis of the main factors of tension in connection with the compulsory study of the state languages of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan, and examines the course of development of contradictions, including from a legal point of view, as well as key differences of situations in both republics. It is shown that, according to sociological research data in recent years, the demand of learning of the Tatar language among Russians in Tatarstan has decreased, and the demand of the Tatars to learn the Tatar language remains very high. Some reasons are analyzed for growing dissatisfaction with the compulsory study of state languages of the republics, most pronounced in Tatarstan, including the ratio of hours of studying Russian and Tatar languages, non-conformity of the number of Russian language hours to the federal standards, poor efficiency of methods of studying Tatar language, lack of variability of methods, and mandatory testing in Tatar language – in the absence of the need for its use. In addition, the problems of lack of perception of the growing tensions by the regional leadership turned out to be significant. It is shown that the problems of compulsory study of the Tatar and Bashkir languages in schools are only one of the sides of the contradictions that continue in the sphere of population perception of the status of the republics. It is demonstrated that two key positions are perceptible along with the other positions. From the position of adherents of compulsory study of the republics’ state languages – the apprehension of the actions of the federal center as an attempt to assimilate and deprive sovereignty; from the position of adherents of voluntary study of languages – as the restoration of a unified state and the fight on ethnocracy. Analyzed are the results of a sociological study confirming the absence of critical differences in the perception of compulsory study of the Bashkir language among the Bashkirs, Tatars and Russians in Bashkortostan. The conclusions are made about the continuing development of the problem situation with a formal settlement at the level of school education and on its possible influence on ethnic attitudes and discourses.

scholarly journals Research of municipal public policy in Sevastopol: index assessment, problems, recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-37
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Yakimets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Transfer Property ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Assessment Problems ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of a sociological study of municipal public policy conducted in the federal city of Sevastopol in 2020. Methodologically, the study was based on an index approach based on the participation of different groups of local experts and specialists in the process of evaluating the work of institutions and mechanisms, as well as the activities of public policy actors. According to the obtained index assessment of the state of public policy in the municipal districts of Sevastopol, we can talk about an almost consolidated type of public policy, when the estimated positions of two groups of respondents (representatives of municipal authorities, small and medium-sized businesses) are consolidated, and the indices of employees of municipal unitary enterprises and the NGO community differ slightly from them. From the point of view of the characteristics of the institutional status of local public policy, the highest scores in solidarity with all groups of respondents given the quality of the functioning of national harmony and tolerance of religions and faiths, of institutions, municipal elections and education. Institutions for the protection of private and municipal property, as well as the functioning of a website for collecting proposals from residents of the city, received solidly low ratings. And the worst rating is given to healthcare institutions. From the point of view of the subject cross-section of municipal public policy in the municipal districts of Sevastopol, there is a more pessimistic assessment of the activities of subjects and actors on the part of local authorities and employees of municipal unitary enterprises. Representatives of the NGO community and, to a lesser extent, business gave more optimistic assessments. The development of the subject potential of participants in public interaction in the city will require targeted program work to improve the skills of local self-government entities, to resolve the problems of redistribution of powers between the state bodies of Sevastopol and the authorities of municipalities and to provide the latter with financial resources, to transfer property to municipalities.

Fires as a socio-environmental threat in the minds of students from southern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Vera V. Diakova ◽  
Ekaterina V. Kargopolova ◽  
Nadezhda V. Dulina
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Ecological Consciousness ◽  
Environmental Threat

The issues of understanding environmental pollution factors, their prevention and reduction of harmful consequences are relevant both for public discussions and for scientific analysis. This article focuses on the significant experience of scientific research of environmental problems, as there is a tendency to form the ecological consciousness of the world community. The main purpose of this article is to analyze fires as an environmental threat through sociological analysis. The authors explain the relevance of this issue of preventing and minimizing the consequences of fires, as well as improving the fire safety system, both from the point of view of Russia’ contemporary development and through the prism of the necessity for a sociological understanding of these processes and phenomena. The authors highlight the main directions of a sociological research of this phenomenon: formation and development of ecological consciousness; a systemic sociological analysis of specific situations; fire safety sociology through the prism of macro- (as a resource-saving system of society) and microsociology (the level of social groups, applied aspects of implementation and improvement of fire safety. The authors refer to the results of a specific sociological study (initiated by the Russian society of sociologists) conducted among students of Russian higher education institutions. Their responses are analyzed and compared with the all-Russian indicators, including the official statistics on the causes of fires, damage and destruction of forest areas, results of content analysis of the news feed, and official information about the area of forest areas. In conclusion, the authors highlight the importance of further studies of the anthropogenic factor in the framework of this environmental threat and the role of man in the fire safety system. This may help in understanding the process of formation and development of environmental consciousness.

Theory of Mediation as a Branch of Knowledge

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Михаил Козюк ◽  
Mikhail Kozyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mediation Theory ◽  
Close Interaction ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quality Of Research

Today, the national social science features fast-paced studies on the theory of mediation. However, the branch status of this area is still obscure, which affects the quality of research. The paper explores various approaches to the definition of this status with a critical eye. Particular attention is paid to the thesis on the interdisciplinarity of the mediation theory. The author shows the consequences of classifying the mediation theory as an interdisciplinary branch. It is also troublesome, from the author’s point of view, to refer mediation purely to law. Mediation refers to phenomena that originate from social technologies ordering social relations and removing social conflicts. Only sociology and history can become the foundation of a new scientific branch. However, the mediation theory must first pass the stage of disciplinary constitutionalization, since its close interaction with many modern branches of knowledge would mean dissolution in them.

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