scholarly journals M. S. Hrushevsky as an Old East Slavic chronicles researcher

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovych Voronov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
History Of

The author analyzes scientific studies of M. S. Hrushevsky, which directly or indirectly are connected with Old East Slavic chronicles characteristics as specific historical sources. The article determines famous scientistʼs conceptual approaches to such topics as chronicles texts' attribution, determination of the content authenticity, information capabilities to investigate the history of the Kievan Rus'. It is ascertained, what are the main problematic issues, discrepancies, thematic and conceptual lacunae according to the M. Hrushevsky were the obstacle while researching Old East Slavic chronicles as a sources complex in the Ukrainian historiography of 20th century. The most weighty contribution was made by M. S. Hrushevsky to the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle studies. He reconstructed in depth the chronology of Galician-Volhynian Chronicle, and proved that this chronicle was firstly composed as a narrative ignoring dates. Only later some-one filled out the dates while editing the text, but "in a very random and false way". The author of the article makes a conclusion that in general M. Hrushevsky has described Old East Slavic chronicles as a "golden age of Kievan Rus' culture". However, only poor fragments of the chronicleʼs tradition remained by the turn of 20th century, being interrupted by the Mongol invasion. That's why the scientist warned historians against attributing the Old East Slavic chronicles with irrelevant "significant forms", since as reported in his researches there werenʼt enough sources to make such conclusions. The article demonstrates that the most typical features of the chronicles according to M. Hrushevsky were: significant impact of the Christian ideology, symptomatic loyalty to "knyaz-druzhina" system (governing classes in Kievan Rus'), content originality and stylistic ingenuousness, predominating collectivity and anonymity of the authorship. It is stated that Ukrainian historian has also defined main challenges for future researchers of Old East Slavic chronicles as historical sources. These challenges are aimed at the reconstruction of chronicles initial look (deprived of following supplements) through the comparison study of different collections and fragments.

One Hundred Years of Empirical Aesthetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Nadal ◽  
Esther Ureña
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Motivational Theory ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Psychology

This article reviews the history of empirical aesthetics since its foundation by Fechner in 1876 to Berlyne’s new empirical aesthetics in the 1970s. The authors explain why and how Fechner founded the field, and how Wundt and Müller’s students continued his work in the early 20th century. In the United States, empirical aesthetics flourished as part of American functional psychology at first, and later as part of behaviorists’ interest in reward value. The heyday of behaviorism was also a golden age for the development of all sorts of tests for artistic and aesthetic aptitudes. The authors end the article by covering the contributions of Gestalt psychology and Berlyne’s motivational theory to empirical aesthetics.

scholarly journals Jusuf Mehonjić in songs of Sanjak Bosniaks

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Naka K. Nikšić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Education System ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Significant Figure ◽  
Musical Tradition ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epic Poems

The difficult position of Bosniaks Sandžak at the beginning of the 20th century has caused the uprising of individuals from the authorities and their association with comites (rebels). According to historical sources, the most famous Sandzak rebel was Jusuf Mehonjić, a native of Šahović (village Grančarevo), which Zaimović, in one of his work, called the Bosniak's Wilhelm Tell. He is mentioned in numerous epic poems called the so-called rebel opus that we find in the collections of oral literature of Bosniaks Sandžak, and from them the knowledge of his intellectual and physical potential, as well as the character of the protector of the disadvantaged and endangered Bosniaks. However, when it comes to ethnomusicological collections, we find that there is not a single song about this historical personality in them. The aim of this work is to preserve the musical tradition of Sandzak Bosniaks by finding and ethnomusicologic recording of lyrical poems about Jusuf Mehonjic, as well as pointing to the possibility of their nurturing through the education system in teaching in the Bosnian language in Serbia. The work and the work of Jusuf Mehonjić were examined in the paper by theoretical analysis of historical and literary sources. At the same time, the Finnish method recorded the only lyrical song about him, which we found by exploring the live musical tradition of the Sandzak Bosniaks. This is the song of Moj sokole pogledaj niz polje. This work should contribute to preserving the musical tradition of the Sandzak Bosniaks and getting to know Jusuf Mehonjic - a significant figure in the history of Sandzak.

scholarly journals Revaluing Mimeographs as Historical Sources

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
E. Haven Hawley
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Technical Process ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diverse Groups

Curators are partners with printing historians, collectors, and conservators, as well as with communities, in selecting, preserving, and interpreting cultural heritage. Uncovering the role of a technology such as mimeography reveals more than a history of a specific machine or technical process. It secures a better understanding about social experience by authenticating accounts about how diverse groups communicated with their own communities and to others. Special collections professionals need to be archaeologists to recover evidence from and to best preserve 20th-century publications. Current tools for studying recent print artifacts are insufficient. Thus, collaborating to generate methods for analysis is an . . .

scholarly journals UKRAINIAN REVOLUTION AND STATE FORMATION: ON ISSUE OF THE PERIODIZATION AND CHRONOLOGY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION STRUGGLE OF THE EARLY 20th CENTURY

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Pavlo Hai-Nyzhnyk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Political History ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Chronological Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
The Times

The controversial issue of periodization of the political history of Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century, including the period of the National liberation struggle and Ukrainian State entities during 1917–1922 is considered. Scientists and experts have not yet reached a consensus not only on determining the place, role and character of the Hetmanate in 1918 in the latest Ukrainian past, but also about the periodization of the Ukrainian political history of the 20th century, defi nition of the term and chronological boundaries of the Ukrainian Revolution and Ukrainian statehood, etc. The issute of the periodization of the National liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people from the beginning of the 20th century, the aspiration and purpose of which was to gain and assert its own statehood, had several main schemes, models and periodizations in the national historiography. However, disputes over defi nitions not only of the chronological framework of this historical path, but also of the interpretations and characteristics of its individual days, periods, and stages are still ongoing in the scientifi c community. It is up to me, that the times from 1917 to 1922 should be defi ned as one of the days of the Ukrainian political history of the 20th century, namely: The Day “National Liberation Struggle and Ukrainian State Formation (1917–1922 biennium)”. This title was due to historical processes and components, that took place in the specifi ed chronological period, the logic of interrelated events, factors and circumstances, objective signs of fl uidity, similarity and diversity of periods, the identity of the causal eff ects of both internal and external circumstances and infl uences, interconnectedness of cultural, social, ideological and political, and state-evolutionary factors of nation-wide signifi cance, the regularity of the beginning and end of the national-political breakdown, holding otvorchyh eff orts and organized struggle for their own rights to self-determination of Nation-Ukrainian people. It is the author’s conception of the periodization of this era, that would be discussed in this essay

scholarly journals THE SACRED PLACES OF THE KAZAKH HISTORY:MARTOBE AND KULTOBE

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Kozha ◽  
◽  
K.M. Zhetibaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
Sacred Places ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Documentary Data ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

The article discusses the sacred places of the Kazakh history of the late Middle Ages: Martobe and Kultobe - historical places where the steppe elite once a year (usually in the fall) gathered for a general meeting and resolved issues - the conclusion of peace, the declaration of war, the redistribution of pastures, and the determination of nomadic routes. The article has collected and analyzed all known data from historical sources reporting on these places.Based on documentary data and a historiographic survey, the localization of the Martobe and Kultobe hills is presented. Archeology data and messages from representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia of the 19th and early 19th centuries. XX century together with information from Russian scholars and the results of research by modern historians, they can more reasonably localize the location of Kultobe near the late medieval city of Turkestan and Martobe near the city of Sairam, and make an assumption about the chronological framework for holding general Kazakh meetings in these places.

scholarly journals Complexity of Acapulco Evolution as a Tourist Destination

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
Roger Joseph Bergeret Muñoz ◽  
Alejandro Quintero León ◽  
Mónica Corazón Gordillo Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complexity Theories

AbstractThe paper analyzes diachronically the evolution and complexity of tourist activity in Acapulco, which was a very significant part of the history of Mexico in the 20th century and even centuries before, it was configured as Mexican icon of tourism for the world. This study is supported by evolution and complexity theories. The research presented is qualitative, inductive, diachronic and hermeneutical; relies on heuristics, criticism and synthesis. Applied materials were documentary, bibliographic and historical sources and statistical records on tourist activity. It is concluded that Acapulco, throughout the evolution history, has been an important factor in the economic, social and historical development, related to tourism, arising as an enclave of freedom, fantasy, imagination and hedonism, located on a life cycle of replenishment or rejuvenation in a sub-stage of stagnation although that is not what strategists, society and private initiative want, due changes in market behavior, complex actions are demarcated, they are not sustainable but still are being applied.

scholarly journals Novyi Mishor – first country-style resort on the South Coast of Crimea (1898-1920): reconstruction of sociocultural history

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-127
Author(s):  
Andrey Vasil'evich Karagodin ◽  
Mariya Mikhailovna Petrova
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

The subject of this research is the history of the first of country-style resort appeared on the South Coast of Crimea at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries on the lands of country estates of New Mishor belonged to Shuvalov-Dolgorukov family. The phenomenon of country-style construction on the South Coast of Crimes, which starting point was the foundation of the Novyi Mishor, is viewed in the context of the processes of economic and sociocultural modernization of Russian society, formation of self-identification mechanisms of the emerging “middle class”, and new urban culture. Special attention is given to the period from 1917 to 1920, when the cultural figures left the capital and resided in the villages of Novyi Mishor. Based on examination the body of historical sources, many of which introduced to the scientific discourse for the first time, the author formed the database of villages and countryside residents of Novyi Mishor. A vast array of archival funds, reference literature, sources of personal provenance (memoirs, correspondence), and visual sources was attracted in the course of research. The novelty of consists in establishment of identities and social status of the residents of country resort of Novyi Mishor, determination of a range of sources for its further research, reconstruction of chronology of the development of this resort, details of everyday life and mentality traits of the residents, among which were the prominent figures of culture and art of Russia of that time – writers, actors, painters, scholars, and philanthropists.

scholarly journals The prisoners work in the prisons on the Belarusian lands at the end of the 19th – early 20th centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Chaikin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Prison Reform ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Archive Data ◽  
Core Activity

The history of the development of the prisoners work on the Belarusian lands after the prison reform of 1879 is the object of examination. In the historiography of pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern periods this problem has never been studied by neither Russian nor Belarusian scientists. The examination of the prisoners work development in the local prisons as well as the determination of its common patterns for the Belarusian lands and the Russian Empire in general, and of the regional characteristics of this process are the purpose of the research. The main ways of action of the General Directorate of the Corps of Prison on the labour productivity of the prisoners on Belarusian lands (organisation of its local structural subdivision (province prison inspections) which managed the prisoners work, the organisation of the melioration and logging, the development of work in the prisons workshops) are being examined by the author on the base of the study of the archive data. The core activity of the fulfilment in the local prisons at the end of the 19th – early 20th centuries and the negative phenomena which interrupt it (in general the overcrowding of the places of determination that influenced the closure of the workshops) are being determined. The results of the prisoners work development by the turn of the second decade of the 20th century which are the growing numbers of the working prisoners and the increase of their salary activity from the beginning of the 20th century are being appreciated. The undertaken research will make it possible to determine the historical continuity of the series of measures to develop the prisoners work in the places of detention at the end of the 19th – early 20th centuries with the activity of the manufacturing establishments of the penitentiary system of the Republic of Belarus at the present time.

scholarly journals Kerajaan Loloda: Melacak Jejak Arkeologi dan Sejarah

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Wuri Handoko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Historical Text ◽  
History Of

A few historical source mention the Kingdom of Loloda as one of the great kingdoms of North Maluku, contemporaneous with the four Islamic kingdoms that developed into sultanates, namely Ternate, Tidore, Bacan and Jailolo. However, compared to these powers, the development of Islamic rule in Loloda is not well known through historical sources, and the kingdom is even said to have collapsed in the early 20th century. In this article I discuss the results of research to trace archaeological evidence about the history of the Kingdom of Loloda. Starting with literary sources, I then describe the results of archaeological surveys in the area mentioned in historical text and public information. Archaeological surveys indicate that the center of the Loloda kingdom was located in the Loloda watershed in Loloda Sub-district, Halmahera Barat District. Archaeological research results suggest the Kingdom of Loloda grew from the 15th century and experienced collapse at the time of European colonialism.Kerajaan Loloda dalam teks sumber sejarah yang terbatas, disebut-sebut sebagai salah satu kerajaan besar di Maluku Utara, sezaman dengan empat aliansi kerajaan Islam yang berkembang menjadi kesultanan yakni, Ternate, Tidore, Bacan, dan Jailolo. Namun dibanding keempat kekuasaan Islam itu, Loloda tidak diketahui perkembangannya, bahkan disebut runtuh pada awal abad 20 dan hilang dalam catatan sejarah perkembangan kekuasaan Islam. Penulisan ini berdasar pada hasil penelitian untuk melacak bukti-bukti arkeologi tentang sejarah Kerajaan Loloda. Dimulai dari pengumpulan sumber literatur, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan survei arkeologi di wilayah yang disebut dalam teks sejarah dan informasi masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil survei arkeologi, diketahui adanya lokasi yang menjadi indikasi pusat kerajaan Loloda di DAS (daerah aliran sungai) Loloda di Kecamatan Loloda Kabupaten Halmahera Barat. Hasil penelitian arkeologi menggambarkan bahwa Kerajaan Loloda  berkembang pada abad 16 dan mengalami keruntuhan sesudahnya ketika kolonialisme bangsa Eropa berkembang di wilayah itu.

scholarly journals A barbaric country or a police kingdom: a negative image of Russia in the children’s literature of Great Britain of the late 19th – the early 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
George A. Veligorsky
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Children's Literature ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
History Of

In the children’s literature of Great Britain in the late 19th – early 20th centuries, during its greatest heyday, also known as the “golden age of children’s literature,” is forming a negative myth about Russia. Initially, Russia appears to be a country of barbarians, murderers and thugs, later – as a “police state”, a country of jails, cold dungeons, political prisoners, where injustice rules, a tyrant triumphs, and truth is trampled and suppressed. In our article we will try to trace the genesis of this myth, the history of its development, the main works in which it appears – and the possible tendencies of its further existence. It is obvious, that the children’s literature forms the reader’s consciousness in its early stages, and therefore the emergence of a pronounced – and even more negative – myth can have significant consequences and a colossal impact on the further way of thinking and perception of the reading audience.

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