Dual Approach in the Application of Geometric Interpretation of Linear Programming on the Organisation of Goods Distribution

The topic of the paper is the application of dual approach in formulation and resolution of goods distribution tasks problems. The gap in previous goods distribution research is the absence of the methodologies and goods transportation calculation methods for manufacturing companies with not too large amount of goods distribution whereby goods distribution is not the core activity. The goal of this paper is to find a solution for transportation in such companies. In such cases it is not rational to procure a specific software for the improvement of goods transportation but rather apply the calculation presented in this paper. The aim of this paper from mathematical aspect is to show the convenience of switching from the basic geometric interpretation of linear programming applied on transportation tasks to dual approach for the companies with too many costs limitations per transport task but not enough available transportation means. Recent research studies that use dual approach in linear programming are generally not applied to transportation tasks although such approach is very convenient. The goal of the paper is also to resolve transportation tasks by both primal and dual approach in order to prove the correctness of the method.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KUIS EDUKATIF SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PENGUASAAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING BAGI GURU SMP DI KECAMATAN NARMADA DAN LINGSAR LOMBOK BARAT NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

ABSTRAKKompetensi dan keahlian guru dalam memanfaatkan teknologi sangat diperlukan untuk meraih keberhasilan dalam pembelajaran daring. Meski demikian tidak semua guru mampu cepat beradaptasi dalam menggunakan aplikasi-aplikasi pembelajaran. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan serta bimbingan kepada guru agar memiliki kemampuan dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran dan evaluasi yang menyenangkan berbantukan aplikasi Quizziz. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini meliputi 3 tahapan, diantaranya: kegiatan awal, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan akhir. Kegiatan awal meliputi observasi dan FGD bersama mitra dan tim, kegiatan inti adalah pelaksanaan pelatihan, dan ketiga adalah tindak lanjut. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan dimana kemampuan peserta pelatihan mengalami peningkatan yang sangat signifikan. Data awal menunjukkan pada aspek pengetahuan awal terhadap aplikasi hanya 13 % diantara mereka yang mengetahui aplikasi Quizziz dan hal tersebut meningkat menjadi 100 % setelah pelaksanaan pelatihan. Selanjutnya pada aspek pemahaman, sebelum dilaksanakan pelatihan hanya 8% peserta yang memahami aplikasi Quizziz dan setelah pelaksanaan pelatihan meningkat menjadi 70%. Dan terakhir ketertarikan dimana sebelum pelaksanaan pelatihan hanya 26% peserta yang menyatakan tertarik menggunakan aplikasi Quizziz dan setelah pelaksanaan pelatihan mengalami peningkatan menjadi 89%. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian ini berjalan dengan baik dan berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan minat atau ketertarikan peserta dalam penggunaan aplikasi Quizziz pada pembelajaran. Kata kunci: pembelajaran daring; teknologi pembelajaran, aplikasi pembelajaran; quizziz . ABSTRACTThe competence and expertise of teachers in utilizing technology is needed to achieve success in online learning. However, not all teachers are able to quickly adapt in using learning applications. This service aims to provide counseling and training as well as guidance to teachers so that they have the ability to carry out fun learning and evaluations using the Quizziz application. The method used in this activity includes 3 stages, including: initial activity, core activity, and final activity. Initial activities include observation and Focus Group Discussion with partners and teams, the core activity is the implementation of training, and the third is follow-up activities. The results of this activity indicate where the ability of the training participants has increased very significantly. Preliminary data shows that in the aspect of initial knowledge only 13% of participants know the Quizziz application and eventually it increases to 100% after the training. Next on the aspect of understanding. before the training was carried out only 8% of participants understood the Quizziz application and after the training it increased to 70%. And lastly, interest, where before the training only 26% of participants expressed interest in using Quizziz and after the training increased to 89%. Based on these data, it can be concluded that this service activity went well and succeeded in increasing the knowledge, understanding, and interest of participants in using the Quizziz application for learning. Keywords: online learning; learning technology, learning applications; quizziz

The performance of the State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM during the COVID-19 pandemic

Subject. The paper describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global atomic energy and the Russian one, in particular, illustrating the case of the State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM. Objectives. We evaluate the consequences the pandemic caused for the atomic energy and, inter alia, ROSATOM. Methods. The study draws upon the analysis of literature and statistical data. Data were taken from the official website of ROSATOM and other open sources. Results. The COVID-19 pandemic was found to have both a positive and negative effect on various sectors and the atomic energy, specifically. We pointed out key development lines of ROSATOM, which relate to the core activity and new business activities for the State Corporation it has undertaken partially trying to deal with the pandemic crisis. The article briefly informs of the sectors, which were more or less hit by the pandemic, i.e. manufacturing, finance, aviation, construction, tourism, agriculture, pharmaceutics, and electronics. We also delve into new type of ROSATOM’s activities. Conclusions and Relevance. As the study shows, the COVID-19 pandemic affected atomic energy to a lesser extent and unexpectedly urged the development of new business types related to nuclear medicine.

Specification of the Okadaic Acid Equivalent for Okadaic Acid, Dinophysistoxin-1, and Dinophysistoxin-2 Based on Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibition and Cytotoxicity Assays Using Neuro 2A Cell Line

Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) is a globally occurring disease threatening public health and trade. The causative toxins, okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) are collectively called OAs, and are quantified using the LC-MS/MS method. The hazardous effect of total OAs is expressed as the sum of OA equivalents defined for respective OAs based on mouse lethality, produced by either intraperitoneal (OAip) or oral administration (OAor). OAs are potent inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and are cytotoxic, necessitating expansion of the concept of OA equivalents to all relevant bioactivities. In this study, we determined OA equivalents for respective OA members in PP2A inhibition and cytotoxicity assays. To secure result credibility, we used certified OAs, reference materials, and PP2A produced using genetic engineering. The relative ratio of the OA equivalents determined by PP2A inhibition assays for OA, DTX1, and DTX2 were 1.0:1.6:0.3, while the ratio determined using the cytotoxicity assays indicated 1.0:1.5:0.5. OA equivalents showed a similar tendency in the PP2A inhibition and cytotoxicity assays, and matched better with oral toxicity data than intraperitoneal toxicity in mice. The PP2A inhibition assay, which measures the core activity of the OAs, suggested a higher OA equivalent for DTX1 than that currently used.

KELAYAKAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BUATAN GURU MTS SWASTA PONTIANAK PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

ABSTRACT This study examined the feasibility of Indonesian learning tools made by teachers of private MTs Pontianak at the times of covid-19 pamdemic. Based on the results of the study, the teacher already made several good learning tools,however there were still shortcomings in certain components. The method used was descriptive qualitative research. The results of the study showed that the tools made by teachers of private MTs Pontianak that were good, there were lesson plan, teaching materials, learning media and evaluations (the questions made by teachers). However there will still some improvement needed in several components of the learning tools, such as school units, the core activity that were still the same from the first until the final meeting, and also the assessment rubric. Nevertheless, this study will alleviate teachers to prepare learning tools for the use of school accreditation, achieving school's vision and mission in the academic field and improving the quality of education in school. Keywords : Indonesian, Pontianak, The Feasibility of Learning Tools

Konseling Individual dalam Mengatasi Perilaku Agresif Siswa

This study aims to determine the implementation of individual counseling to overcome the aggressive behavior of SMA 1 Idi Rayeuk students and to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of individual counseling in overcoming aggressive behavior of SMA 1 Idi Rayeuk students. The aggressive behavior that the author means in this study is the behavior of students who display hostility, feelings of anger, acts of hurting both physically and non-physically, this is where guidance and counseling services need to be applied. This research is a case study research (case study), the approach used in this research is qualitative. Sources of research data, namely counseling guidance teachers at SMA 1 Negeri Idi Rayeuk 2 people, and 7 students, data collection techniques by means of observation interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of individual counseling on aggressive students using individual counseling, individual counseling overcoming serious student problems. Meanwhile, for mild student problems, it is enough only to be reprimanded and advised by the homeroom teacher and counseling teacher. The stages of individual counseling for students who engage in aggressive behavior are carried out in three stages, the opening stage, the core activity stage and the closing stage, the results obtained for the implementation of individual counseling on students at SMA Negeri 1 Idi Rayeuk are fruitful, students begin to be able to face all problems patiently and a cool head. Students have the ability to make choices or actions for their survival. Students have also started to gradually change their behavior, students have also started to open themselves up to communicate with their closest people such as their parents, siblings, and friends.

PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR GURU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI

ABSTRAKGuru pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan garda terdepan dalam pengembangan karakter dan kemampuan anak diusia keemasannya. Sehingga memerlukan guru pendidikan anak usia dini yang berkompeten terutama dibidang proses belajar mengajar. Pengabdian ini memiliki tujuan yakni menambah pemahaman guru terkait pentingnya keterampilan mengajar dan pentingnya studi dijurusan yang linier. Metode pengabdian ini terdiri dari metode ceramah, diskusi, demontrasi dan metode pratik langsung. Pentingnya hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan guru PAUD terutama saat perencanaan dan proses belajar mengajar berlangsung. Pentingnya kuliah yang linier untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru PAUD. Peningkatan pemahaman dan kemampuan guru paud sangat signifikan berdasarkan dari hasil pre test dan post test yang telah disebar mengalami peningkatan di setiap katagori, seperti katagori kegiatan mengalami peningkatan 24%, katagori Kegiatan inti 23% dan katagori penutup 27%. Serta dapat dilihat juga dengan pertanyaan dan jawaban yang disampaikan oleh guru. Kata kunci: keterampilan; kompetensi; pembelajaran mikro; PAUD ABSTRACTKindergarten teachers are at the forefront of developing the character and abilities of children at their golden age. So that it requires competent early childhood education teachers, especially in the field of teaching and learning processes. This service has the aim of increasing the teacher's understanding of the importance of teaching skills and the importance of linear studies. This service method consists of lectures, discussions, demonstrations and hands-on practical methods. The importance of the results of this service is to improve the skills of kindergarten teachers, especially during the planning and teaching and learning process. The importance of linear lectures to improve the competence of early childhood teachers. The increase in the understanding and ability of paud teachers is very significant based on the results of the pre-test and post-test that have been distributed, which has increased in each category, such as the activity category increased by 24%, the core activity category was 23% and the closing category was 27%. And it can be seen also by the questions and answers submitted by the teacher. Keywords: skills; competencies; microteahing; kindergarten

Makna Upacara Balian dalam Ritual Pengobatan Tradisional Suku Paser Kabupaten Paser

This study describes the balian ceremony in the form of a ritual that is carried out as a traditional treatment in the Paser tribe, Paser district, East Kalimantan. This is motivated by the belief of the Paser people who still maintain healing rituals with the balian ceremony because of hereditary and entrenched beliefs, considerations of alternative medicine, perceptions and views of life. This study aims to uncover 3 important focuses, namely: the form of the balian ceremony procession, the meaning of the balian ceremony for the Paser tribal community, and the function of the balian ceremony. The research method used in this study is qualitative with an ethnographic approach. This study uses data collection techniques in the form of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation with primary data sources and secondary data sources. The results showed that the form of the balian ceremony procession consists of three stages, the first is the preparation stage, namely the organizer prepares the equipment and coordinates with the parties involved in the balian ceremony. Second, the core activity stage is a mulung dancing along with reciting healing spells. Third, the closing stage is mulung awareness, wiping water, and returning ceremonial equipment. The meaning of the Balian ceremony is the struggle for life, harmony, welfare, safety, good morals, and opening of sustenance, the meaning of asking for protection, remembering God, and remembering the nature of life. The function of the balian ceremony is an effort to heal patients, as a medium of public entertainment, as a medium for connecting the Paser tribal community to the spirits of their ancestors. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan upacara balian berupa ritual yang dilaksanakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional pada suku Paser kabupaten Paser Kalimantan Timur. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi kepercayaan masyarakat Paser yang tetap mempertahankan ritual penyembuhan dengan upacara balian karena kepercayaan turun-temurun dan membudaya, pertimbangan pengobatan alternatif, persepsi dan pandangan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguak menguak 3 fokus penting yakni: bentuk prosesi upacara balian, makna upacara balian bagi masyarakat suku Paser, dan fungsi upacara balian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi dengan sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa bentuk prosesi upacara balian terdiri dari tiga tahap, Pertama tahap persiapan yaitu penyelenggara mempersiapkan perlengkapan dan berkoordinasi dengan pihak yang terlibat pada upacara balian. Kedua, tahap kegiatan inti yaitu seorang mulung menari bersamaan dengan pembacaan mantra penyembuhan. Ketiga, tahap penutup yaitu penyadaran mulung, pengusapan air ,dan pengembalian peralatan upacara. Makna dari dilaksanakannya upacara balian adalah perjuangan hidup, keharmonisan, kesejahteraan, , keselamatan, moral baik,dan pembuka rezeki, makna memohon perlindungan, mengingat tuhan, dan mengingat alam kehidupan. Fungsi upacara balian adalah upaya penyembuhan pasien, sebagai media hiburan masyarakat, sebagai media penghubung masyarakat suku Paser terhadap roh leluhurnya.

SOLUTION OF ONE TASK BY DIFFERENT OPTIONS

Our research is based on the idea that problem solving is a core activity in the study and teaching of mathematics. The traditional curriculum recommended solving problems in one way with one answer. However, at the present time, they began to talk about the need to learn the skills of solving problems in many ways with many answers and to choose the most rational one. Therefore, as part of the Creative Thinking course, we organized the independent activities of student teachers who think in different ways, and conducted research on the development of their problem solving skills over several semesters of the academic year. As a result, they found their own ways to independently solve problems, and as a result of the interchange of ways to solve problems between students and teachers, they were able to complete 26 variants of the same problem. By this we tried to emphasize the importance of solving problems using different methods.

Analisis Kualitas Pertanyaan Mahasiswa Calon Guru Rumpun Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Ditinjau dari Pengalaman Belajar

The quality of the question can describe the development of a person's thinking level. The questioning activity is also an indication that a student is actively involved in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality profile of the students' questions from a natural science family in terms of their learning experience. This study uses a descriptive method because it aims to describe the profile of research subjects. The research instrument was a learning experience questionnaire and a question matrix. Learning experience questionnaires are used to reveal a picture of student learning experiences during lectures. Meanwhile, the question matrix is used to measure the level of thinking on each question made by students. The population of this study were all students in the Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education Department who had attended Basic Biology courses. Data analysis using simple regression shows that student learning experience does not significantly influence the quality of student questions. Each study program has a t score of 0.120 (chemistry education); 1,341 (Physics education); and 0.578 (Biology education). The entire t score is less than the t table. This condition is strongly suspected because the core activity phase of the lecture process did not go well. Based on the data analysis, it was found that the core activity phase had the lowest score of 67.33 which was significant.