scholarly journals ІМУНОГІСТОХІМІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СУБПОПУЛЯЦІЙ ЛІМФОЦИТІВ У СЕЛЕЗІНЦІ КУРЕЙ ПРИ ВАКЦИНАЦІЇ ЇХ ПРОТИ ІНФЕКЦІЙНОГО БРОНХІТУ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Guralska
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Number Of Cells

In the work the immunohistochemical characterization of subpopulations of СD4+, СD8+, CD45RA+ lymphocytes in the spleen of chickens vaccinated against infectious bronchitis clarified. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that changes in the clusters of immune cells after immunization was certain features in the spleen. Our studies showed that vaccination against infectious bronchitis of chickens in the first, 13 and 33, 83 and 103 day influenced on the change in the percentage of cells in the cluster of СD4+ (helper cells). So, after the introduction of the vaccine on the 8 th day, there was a tendency to increase to 9.23 ± 0,39% against 6,91 ± 0.26% in the control group. But at 20 days there was a significant increase in the number of helpers (of 10.07 ± 0,44% (p < 0.01) against 8.51 ± 0.31% in the control. Early supresion manifestations were recorded on 8th day. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of СD8+ in the experimental group, where the number of cells with the marker were higher than in control more than in two times. So, when studying subpopulations of lymphocyte marker СD8+ installed content control for 9.88 ± 0.38% in Chicks which received the vaccine in this period, the number of СD8+ amounted to 24.99 ± 0,46% (p < 0.001). On the 8th day there was a significant increase in the number of CD45RA+ to 14.22 ± 0.18% (p < 0.001), in control group this indicator amounted to 9.95 ± 0.38% Maximum increase observed on the 40th day, when the CD45RA+ in the group immunized chickens amounted to 14.74 ± 0.29% (p < 0.05). 

scholarly journals Morphofunctional condition of the harderian gland of chickens during the post-vaccine immunity to infectious bronchitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
S. Guralska ◽  
T. Kot ◽  
O. Pinskyi ◽  
V. Sokolyuk ◽  
T. Budnik
Keyword(s):  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Vaccine Prophylaxis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Structure Patterns ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. To fi nd out the contents and placement of CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA+, CD20+-lymphocyte subpopulations and morphocytochemical architecture of the harderian gland in clinically healthy chickens and for vaccination against infectious bronchitis. Methods. Anatomical, histological, immunohistochemical, optical, morphometric and variational-statistical. Results. The obtained morphometric study results showed that the area of secretory lobules and lymphoid formations was signifi cantly larger in the harderian gland of vaccinated 40-, 90- and 110-day-old chickens. Moreover, the organ size correlates signifi cantly with the development of lymphoid formations, since the area of the secretory lobules in the gland of the experimental group chickens does not differ from that of the control group. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that the number of lymphocytes with CD20+ markers was characterized by a reliable (P < 0.001) increase in B-lymphocytes in the harderian gland of the vaccinated chickens of all ages. Lymphocytes with CD8+ markers were not detected in the gland of vaccinated 8- and 20-day-old chickens. According to cytomorphometric studies, their number in vaccinated 40-, 90- and 110-day-old chickens was signifi cantly (P < 0.001) higher compared to intact birds – 2.11, 2.38 and 2.96 times, respectively. Conclusions. The data on the composition of lymphocytes with CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA+, CD20+ markers in the harderian gland of chickens of different age, on their changes in case of immunization against infectious bronchitis were obtained, and the role of certain clusters at different stages of the immunity formation was determined. The information on the structure, patterns of growth and development of the harderian gland of chickens, which demonstrates the incompleteness of its morphogenesis at the early stages of the postnatal ontogenesis period that should be taken into account during the compilation of vaccine prophylaxis programs, has been supplemented.

scholarly journals Hematological parameters of carp juveniles in terms of introducing Quercus cortex extract into diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Elena Petrovna Miroshnikova ◽  
Julia Vladimirovna Kilyakova ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Ponomarev ◽  
Azamat Ersainovich Arinzhanov ◽  
Maria Sergeevna Miroshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Enzyme ◽  
Feed Analysis ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of studies of morphological and biochemical blood parameters of carp juveniles when adding the extract Quercus cortex (1, 2, 3 mg/kg of feed), probiotic preparation of Soya-bifidum (0.7 ml/kg of feed), antibiotics Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in the composition of the drug Antibak 250 (100 mg/kg of feed). Analysis of hematological parameters of carp juveniles showed that adding Quercus cortex extract to the diet at a dosage of 2 mg/kg of feed contributed to increasing SGE by 66%, the average concentration of hemoglobin in the red blood cell by 20% compared to the control group. An increase in the level of leukocytes compared to the control was recorded only in the IV experimental group and made 13% (P≤0.05). An increase in glucose in the groups receiving Quercus cortex extract has been stated: in the I experimental group- by 4.2 times (P≤0.001), in II – by 3.4 (P≤0.001) and in III – by 3.3 (P≤0.001) compared to the control. Increasing glucose concentration indicates active metabolic processes and better stress resistance in the fish body. Iron content in carp blood was higher only in the first experimental group (by 3 times) compared to the control. Increasing activity of alanine aminotransferase was observed in all experimental groups, the highest rate of this enzyme being recorded in the IV experimental group (feed with probiotic additive Soya-bifidum) with a significant excess of control by 48%. Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity exceeded the control in all experimental groups, maximum increase (by 67%) was observed in the IV experimental group. Alkaline phosphatase was below the control in all experimental groups, minimum values being registered in the IV experimental group- by 37% less than the control. Indicators of p-amylase in the IV group exceeded the control by 2.6 times, in the V group – by 1.5 times. In the II group p-amylase was lower than the control by 44%, and in the III – by 1.9 times. According to the obtained hematological data, it has been established that including Quercus cortex extract into the diet of carp juveniles is promising due to the positive effect on the fish physiological status, immune status, metabolic processes, hematopoiesis and digestibility of feed.

scholarly journals Laryngeal and Vocal Characterization of Asymptomatic Adults With Sulcus Vocalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. e331-e337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bruno Soares ◽  
Bruno Teixeira de Moares ◽  
Ana Nery Barbosa de Araújo ◽  
Noemi Grigoletto de Biase ◽  
Jonia Alves Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Acoustic Evaluation ◽  
Sulcus Vocalis ◽  
Vocal Quality ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction Sulcus vocalis is defined as a longitudinal depression on the vocal cord, parallel to its free border. Its most marked characteristic is breathlessness, caused by incomplete glottal closure, in addition to roughness, due to the decrease in mucosal wave amplitude of the vocal cords. Vocal acoustic aspects, such as fundamental voice frequency, jitter, and shimmer, may also be altered in individuals with this type of laryngeal disorder. To assess the voice of individuals with sulcus vocalis, studies generally include a sample of subjects with vocal symptoms, excluding asymptomatic persons. To better characterize the vocal characteristics of individuals with sulcus vocalis, their asymptomatic counterparts must also be included. Objective Characterize the larynx and voice of asymptomatic adults with sulcus vocalis. Method A total of 26 adults, 13 with sulcus vocalis (experimental group) and 13 without (control group) were assessed. All the participants were submitted to suspension microlaryngoscopy, voice self-assessment, auditory perception and acoustic evaluation of the voice. Results Among the individuals with sulcus vocalis, 78% of the sulci were type I and 22% type II. Auditory perception assessment obtained statistically significant lower scores in individuals with sulcus vocalis compared with the control group, and a slight difference in the overall degree of hoarseness and roughness. No statistically significant intergroup diferences were found in self-reported voice or acoustic assessment. Conclusion Type I was the predominant sulcus vocalis observed in individuals without voice complaints, who may also exhibit slight changes in vocal quality and roughness.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Model of Overuse-Induced Calcific Achilles Tendinopathy in Mice: Contralateral Tendinopathy Following Unilateral Tenotomy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Gang-hui Yin ◽  
Zhong-min Zhang ◽  
Tian-yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Achilles Tenotomy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a simple but reproducible overuse induced animal model of Achilles tendinopathy in mice for better understanding the underlying mechanism and prevention of calcific Achilles tendinopathy.Methods80 C57/B6 mice (8-9 weeks old) were employed and randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Unilateral Achilles tenotomy was performed on the right hindlimb of experiment group. After 12 weeks, the onset of Achilles tedinopathy in the contralateral Achilles tendon was determined by radiological assessment, histological analysis, electron microscopy observation and biomechanical test.ResultsThe onset of calcific Achilles tendinopathy in contralateral Achilles tendon was confirmed after 12 weeks unilateral tenotomy. The contralateral Achilles tendon of experimental group was characterized as hypercelluarity, neovascularization and fused collagen fiber disarrangement, compared to the control group. Importantly, intratendon endochondral ossification and calcaneus deformity was featured in contralateral Achilles tendon. Additionally, poor biomechanical properties in the contralateral Achilles tendon revealed the incidence of Achilles tedinopathy.ConclusionWe hereby introduce a novel simple but reproducible spontaneous contralateral calcific Achilles tendinopathy model in mice, which represents the overuse conditions during the tendinopathy development in human-beings. It should be a useful tool to further study the underlying pathogenesis of calcific Achilles tendinopathy.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory therapy of viral pneumonia on the model of chicken infectious bronchitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Bobikova ◽  
T.E. Mironova ◽  
V.S. Cherepushkina ◽  
V.Yu. Koptev ◽  
E.V. Nefedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Experimental Group

The effect of the drug Lumantse on the infectious bronchitis virus of chickens was evaluated. Infectious bronchitis of chickens is a highly contagious disease characterized by damage to the respiratory system and reproductive organs in young animals caused by a virus of the genus Gamma-coronavirus. The condition of the respiratory system caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBD) in chickens has much in common with the pathology of the respiratory system caused by SARS-CoV-2 in humans. For broilers, the course of IBD is characterized more often with damage to the respiratory system, manifested by bronchitis, pneumonia, tracheitis, as well as with kidney damage in the case of circulation of nephropathogenic strains. The effectiveness of the virocidal drug Lumantse was tested on 14-day-old cross shawer chickens infected with a ten-fold dose of the Nobilis IB Ma5 vaccine strain against infectious chicken bronchitis. The results of the studies showed that when the immune system is actively stimulated, the inflammatory response increases, with a simultaneous drop in the viral load, which is why a significant percentage of lung inflammation (60%) was observed in the experimental group. Compared with the control group, when using the drug Lumantse, there is a lower number of inflammatory reactions of the lungs, thymus by 40%, as well as the lowest concentration of viral particles in the lungs and intestines.

scholarly journals Using Ki-67 Mitotic Activity Markers as a Predictor of the Progression of Adhesions in the Abdominal Cavity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-415
Author(s):  
Irina Shurygina ◽  
Michael Shurygin ◽  
Elena Chepurnykh ◽  
Nataliya Ayushinova
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Ki-67 is a nuclear protein expressed in all proliferating cells of vertebrates during mitotic cycle phases S, G1, G2, and M, except for G0. Studying this marker is widely used to diagnose the proliferative activity of tumors. However, studying Ki-67 in non-neoplastic diseases attracts much less attention among the researchers. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using staining for Ki-67 to identify the proliferative potential of fibroblasts during the formation of adhesions in the abdominal cavity (AC). Methods and Results: Experiments were carried out on male Wistar rats. The adhesion process in AC was simulated in the control group (n=25), and in the experimental group (n=25) with the administration of Seroguard®. Animals were sacrificed on Days 1–30, and the severity of the adhesive process in AC was assessed. Histological sections were prepared and stained for Ki-67. It was found that the animals of the control group had increased severity of the adhesive process in AC during the observation. Maximum increase in severity was registered on Day 30 – 12[9-13] points in the control group and 4[4-4] points in the experimental group (P=0.0079). High proliferative activity of fibroblasts in the control group was detected on Days 3, 7, 14 and 30, which may indicate an active division of fibroblasts and the formation of adhesions in the damaged area. In the experimental group, single Ki-67 positive cells were noted during the entire observation period, which may point to a reduced potential for the formation of adhesions. Conclusion: Our study showed the prospects of using Ki-67 staining to determine the severity of the developing adhesive process in AC, and also revealed one of the possible mechanisms that inhibit the formation of the adhesive process when using Seroguard® – a decrease in the mitotic activity of fibroblasts in the area of peritoneal injury.

scholarly journals Electrical Characterization of TiO2 based OMEGA FinFET Compared with Conventional SiO2 Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 513-520
Author(s):  
K. Jonah Swabhijit ◽  
J. Mohana
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Drain Current ◽  
Oxide Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim: The aim of the study is to perform the electrical characterization of Innovative TiO2 based Omega FinFET and compare it with SiO2 material by varying the oxide thickness ranging from 1nm to 20nm using nanotechnology. Materials and Methods: DFT tool is used to perform the above characterisation. The method was performed for 20 samples per group, TiO2(n=20) and SiO2(n=20). Same samples were used for both the control group and experimental group. Different values of drain current were obtained by varying the thickness for both TiO2 and SiO2. Result: Drain current was obtained for TiO2 (0.645μA) and found better compared with SiO2 (0.58μA). Conclusion: It is concluded that the TiO2 Omega FinFET appears to be better compared to SiO2 based omega FinFET.

Analysis of Recombinant VP22-SOX2 Fusion Protein Subcellular Location in HepG2 Cell Culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 6042-6046
Author(s):  
Andre Elton Heryanto Tan ◽  
Gema Puspa Sari ◽  
Silvia Triwidyaningtyas ◽  
Budiman Bela
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Protein Translocation ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Subcellular Location ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Protein Vp22 ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Number Of Cells

Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are cell permeable proteins that help facilitate impermeable molecules into the cells. Herpes simplex virus protein VP22 is one of the CPP with mechanism of facilitating proteins into the cells by non-classical Golgi-independent. SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family of transcription factors are well associated with the regulation of the development of embryonic cells. Recombinant fusion protein VP22 is hoped to translocate the protein into the cell. The research conducted is an experimental study using VP22-SOX2 as intervention and human hepatoma HepG2 cells as subject to determine the efficacy of VP22-SOX2. There are 2 main groups: HepG2 cells with VP22-SOX2 incubated for 6 hours and 1 hours, where both are accompanied with the control group in the absence of VP22-SOX2. Both undergo immunostaining using indirect immunostaining method with antibody specific against SOX2 and observation is done using confocal microscope. Counting the total number of cells and number of cells with the fluorescence is performed using ImageJ program. Based on statistic, there is no significant difference between the experiment and the control group incubated for 6 hours. In addition, there is no significant difference between experimental group incubated in 6 hours and experimental group incubated in 1 hour. VP22-SOX2 do not achieve statistically significant protein translocation and incubation period has no effect in the rates of protein translocation. Possible explanation is the requirement of media supplements such as serum replacement needed to stabilize the protein in the prevention of precipitation.

scholarly journals Characterization of pseudarthrosis with ultrasound backscattered signals in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Luiz Ferreira ◽  
Daniel Patterson Matusin ◽  
Christiano Bittencourt Machado ◽  
Paulo César Silva ◽  
Natalia Bernades Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Animal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter ◽  
Group A ◽  
Backscattered Signals ◽  
Novel Model ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Made In

PURPOSE: To propose a novel model of pseudarthrosis in a small animal and to investigate the ability of backscatter parameters from ultrasound signals in differentiating normal bone from those ones with pseudarthorsis. METHODS: Twelve Rattus norvegicus albinus free from pathogenic species (SPF) were randomly divided in two groups, with six animals each. In the Control group a surgical approach to the femur was made, followed by the synthesis of the muscle and skin layers. The Experimental group was submitted to an osteotomy of the femur and a vascularized flap of the fascia lata was interposed in the line of the fractured bone. Then the alignment and bone stabilization were accomplished, by using nylon stitch in U shape introduced in holes made in the proximal and distal fractured bone. Bone samples were scanned with ultrasound and signals were collected for each one to analyze the parameter Apparent Integrated Backscatter - AIB. RESULTS: Radiological and anatomopathologic studies revealed the absence of bone consolidation with persistence of fiber-osteoid tissue. Values of the ultrasound parameter AIB from normal bones were statistically different from those with pseudarthrosis. CONCLUSION: The experimental model was suitable for pseudarthrosis development in rats and the ultrasound backscatter parameters were able to identify such a bone disease in vitro.

scholarly journals Study of the expression of functionally relative genes in the treatment of coronavirus infection in chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
A. S. Bobikova ◽  
V. S. Cherepushkina ◽  
T. E. Mironova ◽  
V. N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
System A ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Experimental Group

The level of expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines NF-kB, IL-6, IFN-y, Caspasa-3, FC in chickens in the lungs and intestines during the modeling of infectious bronchitis in chickens was studied. To simulate coronavirus pneumonia, the vaccine was administered individually, 10 doses per head orally. The chickens of the 1st experimental group were fed with the Lyumantse preparation at the rate of 3 kg / t of feed, the 2nd experimental group received the Glitsevir drug at the rate of 200 μg / 0.3 ml per head. The chickens of the control group did not receive the preparations. It was revealed that antiviral drugs in the experimental groups suppressed the destruction of epithelial cells in the intestine. This may not always be an indication of a positive character, as in the case of apoptosis, not only the intestinal cells affected by the virus particles but also healthy cells are destroyed. There was a decrease in the number of active macrophages in the intestines of the experimental groups relative to the control. The amount of interferon produced was also below the control, which indicates a decreased activity of the immune system. A higher pro-inflammatory activity in the respiratory system of chickens was detected when Glicevir was used. It consists of increased expression of IL-6, interferon-gamma, macrophage receptor to Fc antibody fragments and inflammatory regulatory factor NF-kB genes compared to Lumantse with anti-inflammatory activity, but also compared to untreated control group chickens. It is concluded that it is possible to predict the risk of an exacerbation of an infectious process in the lungs against the background of a local decrease in the viral load in the intestine. An integrated approach is needed in the treatment of coronavirus infections, including either systemic antiviral drugs or anti-inflammatory drugs.

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