scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory therapy of viral pneumonia on the model of chicken infectious bronchitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Bobikova ◽  
T.E. Mironova ◽  
V.S. Cherepushkina ◽  
V.Yu. Koptev ◽  
E.V. Nefedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Experimental Group

The effect of the drug Lumantse on the infectious bronchitis virus of chickens was evaluated. Infectious bronchitis of chickens is a highly contagious disease characterized by damage to the respiratory system and reproductive organs in young animals caused by a virus of the genus Gamma-coronavirus. The condition of the respiratory system caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBD) in chickens has much in common with the pathology of the respiratory system caused by SARS-CoV-2 in humans. For broilers, the course of IBD is characterized more often with damage to the respiratory system, manifested by bronchitis, pneumonia, tracheitis, as well as with kidney damage in the case of circulation of nephropathogenic strains. The effectiveness of the virocidal drug Lumantse was tested on 14-day-old cross shawer chickens infected with a ten-fold dose of the Nobilis IB Ma5 vaccine strain against infectious chicken bronchitis. The results of the studies showed that when the immune system is actively stimulated, the inflammatory response increases, with a simultaneous drop in the viral load, which is why a significant percentage of lung inflammation (60%) was observed in the experimental group. Compared with the control group, when using the drug Lumantse, there is a lower number of inflammatory reactions of the lungs, thymus by 40%, as well as the lowest concentration of viral particles in the lungs and intestines.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Concept Map dalam Model Konstruktivisme tipe Novick terhadap Miskonsepsi pada Konsep Sistem Pernapasan Manusia

BIO-PEDAGOGI ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Renita Yuliana ◽  
Puguh Karyanto ◽  
Marjono Marjono
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Concept Map ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Human Respiratory System

<div class="WordSection1"><p>The purpose of this research is to ascertain the influence utilization concept map in constructivisme type Novick model to overcome misconception on the concept of the human respiratory system. The research was quasi experiment research using quantitative approach. The research was designed using post-test only with nonequivalent group design. The sample of this research was established by cluster sampling. The populations of this research were all of 11<sup>th</sup> degree students of science at SMA Negeri 2 Karanganyar in academic year 2012/2013. The samples of this research were the students of 11th Imersi I as experiment group and 11<sup>th</sup> Imersi II as control group. The data was collected using reasoning multiple choice test and observation form. The hypotheses analyzed by t-test. The research concluded that application of utilization concept map in constructivisme type Novick model didn’t influence on the efforts to overcome the misconceptions on the concept of the human respiratory system with the misconception degree that revealed unti 3,2% in the experimental group.</p><p align="center"> </p><p class="0jTULISANKATAKUNCIKEYWORDS">Key Words: Concept map, constructivisme type Novick model, misconception, the human respiratory system</p></div>

scholarly journals Morphofunctional condition of the harderian gland of chickens during the post-vaccine immunity to infectious bronchitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
S. Guralska ◽  
T. Kot ◽  
O. Pinskyi ◽  
V. Sokolyuk ◽  
T. Budnik
Keyword(s):  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Vaccine Prophylaxis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Structure Patterns ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. To fi nd out the contents and placement of CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA+, CD20+-lymphocyte subpopulations and morphocytochemical architecture of the harderian gland in clinically healthy chickens and for vaccination against infectious bronchitis. Methods. Anatomical, histological, immunohistochemical, optical, morphometric and variational-statistical. Results. The obtained morphometric study results showed that the area of secretory lobules and lymphoid formations was signifi cantly larger in the harderian gland of vaccinated 40-, 90- and 110-day-old chickens. Moreover, the organ size correlates signifi cantly with the development of lymphoid formations, since the area of the secretory lobules in the gland of the experimental group chickens does not differ from that of the control group. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that the number of lymphocytes with CD20+ markers was characterized by a reliable (P < 0.001) increase in B-lymphocytes in the harderian gland of the vaccinated chickens of all ages. Lymphocytes with CD8+ markers were not detected in the gland of vaccinated 8- and 20-day-old chickens. According to cytomorphometric studies, their number in vaccinated 40-, 90- and 110-day-old chickens was signifi cantly (P < 0.001) higher compared to intact birds – 2.11, 2.38 and 2.96 times, respectively. Conclusions. The data on the composition of lymphocytes with CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA+, CD20+ markers in the harderian gland of chickens of different age, on their changes in case of immunization against infectious bronchitis were obtained, and the role of certain clusters at different stages of the immunity formation was determined. The information on the structure, patterns of growth and development of the harderian gland of chickens, which demonstrates the incompleteness of its morphogenesis at the early stages of the postnatal ontogenesis period that should be taken into account during the compilation of vaccine prophylaxis programs, has been supplemented.

scholarly journals Transcriptome based analysis of apoptosis genes in chickens co-infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus and pathogenic Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Hashemi ◽  
Seyed Masoud Hosseini ◽  
Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi ◽  
Nariman Sheikhi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Apoptotic Genes

Background and Objectives: Infection with Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is an important respiratory infection worldwide. Apoptosis is a physiological process of cell death that occurs as part of normal development and responds to a variety of physiological and pathophysiological stimuli. The identification of molecular mechanisms of action or inaction of key apoptotic proteins is important. This study aimed to investigate apoptotic related genes in the trachea tissue of infected (IBV variant 2, and APEC serotype O78: K80) SPF chickens group compared to the control group. Materials and Methods: Forty SPF chickens was divided into 2 groups. Differential transcriptional profile in the infected SPF chickens trachea tissue was compared to those of control group in the early stage of infection by Illumina RNA-seq technique paired-end and strand-specific sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of transcriptome profiling of the trachea from the infected group were identified. Gene ontology category, KEGG pathway, and STRING analysis were analyzed to identify relationships among differentially expressed genes. Results: Twenty-eight apoptotic genes were identified. They consisted of six pathways related to cell death: the extrinsic pathway, intrinsic pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and cell death by NFkB and activates mTOR pathway and some regulator and apoptosis inhibitors. Conclusion: All of the apoptotic genes in our study were up-regulated. Among these genes, the more fold change value was for TRADD and BCL2A1 genes, and the less fold change value was for MAP3K14, NFKB1, PIK3CB, and ITPR2 genes.

scholarly journals Immunosuppressive Properties of Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine4/91 strain against different programs and method of vaccination against Newcastle disease in Broilers

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
A.H. Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Significant Difference

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) primarily induces a respiratory disease in broilerscausing important economic losses in poultry industry. The aim of this study was to investigatethe immunosuppressive properties of live IB vaccine on the different programs and method ofvaccination against Newcastle disease (ND) in broilers. A total of 125 one-day-old broilerchicks were assigned into five equal groups. At day one G1 and G2groupswere vaccinated witha live (ND, IB)vaccine by dipping the head in the vaccine and intra-cloacae methodrespectively. Afterward, G3and G4 groups were vaccinated with a live ND vaccine alone by thesame method of G1 and G2. At the same time all these4 groups were vaccinated bysubcutaneous injection (S/C) with inactivated oil based vaccine ND. The G5 group was leftwithout vaccination as a control group. After that, all treated groups were vaccinated with a liveND by spray method at day 10 of the age. The immunosuppressive effects of this IB virus wasevaluated by Haemagglutination inhibition test (HI), and challenged by virulent ND virus.Bursa and Spleen indices were estimated in all groups. The results showed that the antibodytiters against ND was higher (P<0.05) in G3and G4 in compared with G1, G2 and controlgroups at 20 and 30 days of age. However, there was no significant difference of bursa indexand spleen index in all groups. Challenge test showed no mortality in the 3rd group while 10%in the 4th group, 85% in the 1st group and 90% in the 2nd group. In conclusion, it’s revealed thatthe best method and program of vaccination which can protect against ND was applied in the3rd group.

scholarly journals Study of the expression of functionally relative genes in the treatment of coronavirus infection in chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
A. S. Bobikova ◽  
V. S. Cherepushkina ◽  
T. E. Mironova ◽  
V. N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
System A ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Experimental Group

The level of expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines NF-kB, IL-6, IFN-y, Caspasa-3, FC in chickens in the lungs and intestines during the modeling of infectious bronchitis in chickens was studied. To simulate coronavirus pneumonia, the vaccine was administered individually, 10 doses per head orally. The chickens of the 1st experimental group were fed with the Lyumantse preparation at the rate of 3 kg / t of feed, the 2nd experimental group received the Glitsevir drug at the rate of 200 μg / 0.3 ml per head. The chickens of the control group did not receive the preparations. It was revealed that antiviral drugs in the experimental groups suppressed the destruction of epithelial cells in the intestine. This may not always be an indication of a positive character, as in the case of apoptosis, not only the intestinal cells affected by the virus particles but also healthy cells are destroyed. There was a decrease in the number of active macrophages in the intestines of the experimental groups relative to the control. The amount of interferon produced was also below the control, which indicates a decreased activity of the immune system. A higher pro-inflammatory activity in the respiratory system of chickens was detected when Glicevir was used. It consists of increased expression of IL-6, interferon-gamma, macrophage receptor to Fc antibody fragments and inflammatory regulatory factor NF-kB genes compared to Lumantse with anti-inflammatory activity, but also compared to untreated control group chickens. It is concluded that it is possible to predict the risk of an exacerbation of an infectious process in the lungs against the background of a local decrease in the viral load in the intestine. An integrated approach is needed in the treatment of coronavirus infections, including either systemic antiviral drugs or anti-inflammatory drugs.

scholarly journals Morphological Assessment Of Wounds Healing In The Region Of Anal Canal In Rats On The Background Of Medicamental Hypocoagulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (09) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
R.Yu. Ruzibayev ◽  
◽  
P.Yu. Ruzmatov ◽  
D.A. Umarov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hemostatic Agent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose of the study: to conduct a morphological study of experimental material to assess the features of wound healing in the anal sphincter area when using the domestic drug “Heprocel” as a hemostatic agent. Material and methods. The study was carried out in the Department of experimental surgery and the department of pathological anatomy of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery named after Academician V. Vakhidov. The state of experimental models of wounds with the application of a hemostatic agent in the form of a gel was studied. The experiments were carried out on 72 white male rats weighing 210-250 g. Two series of 36 animals each were produced. All animals were divided into groups: norm - experiment in the absence of drug hypocoagulation; control - an experiment with intravenous heparin to achieve drug hypocoagulation; experience - an experiment with intravenous administration of heparin to achieve drug hypocoagulation using an application on a model of a skin wound and a dissected anal sphincter of the hemostatic agent "Heprocel". Results. Morphological differences in the process of wound healing were most pronounced after 3 days of the study. In the control group of animals with hemostasis using an electrocoagulator, necrotic and exudative processes of inflammation in the stratified squamous epithelium and mucous membrane of the glands in the anal region were evident. In the experimental group, on the 3-5th day of the experiment, the proliferative process of inflammation predominated morphologically. A special feature is that the hemostatic gel is absorbed into the wound, forming a thin uniform layer. On the 10th day of the experiment, the above difference became more obvious. In the control group, chaotic squamous epithelial cells and fibroblasts were formed. The fibrin-necrotic layer is preserved. Focal infiltration of macrophages-lymphocytes was observed. In the experimental group, the intestinal layers began to change. In the area of the surgical incision, the hemostatic layer is preserved; in this area, the growth of thin fibrous connective tissue is observed. Differentiation and transformation of cells led to the regeneration of the epithelial layer and parakeratosis of the flat cell. Signs of complete remodeling were evident over a long period of time, such as 14 days. Conclusion. The use of a hemostatic agent in the form of a gel provides not only an increase in the processes of local hemostasis, but a decrease in the activity of inflammatory reactions and infection, as well as the risk of developing post-traumatic cicatricial deformity of the anus.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERBANTUAN LKS KREASI SISTEM RESPIRASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA

Satya Widya ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani Endang Susilowati ◽  
Abadia Delima ◽  
Priyantini Widiyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychomotor Learning ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aims to determine the effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) model aided LKS Creation Respiratory System to student learning outcomes MAN 1 Magelang. This study uses a quasi-experimental design. The sample used is a class XI MIA 6 as control class and XI MIA 5 as experimental class. Sampling technique using cluster random sampling. The results showed that the average cognitive achievement, experimental class is better than the control class, namely 66.97>58.70. Based on data analysis psychomotor learning outcomes, the experimental class get better results than the control class, is 76.67%. On the affective aspects in the experimental group also showed better results is 79.99% while the control group is 62.32% with both good category. Both classes have reached school classical completeness is ≥ 75%. Classical completeness experimental group reached 81.25%, while the control group 75%. The average yield of 91.5% the teacher's performance is very good. In general, teachers and students also respond very well to applied learning. Conclusions from this research is a model of PBL aided the Respiratory System LKS Creation a positive effect on learning outcomes of students of class XI MIA MAN 1 Magelang the academic year 2015/2016.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis and Tissue Distribution of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolate IRFIBV32 (793/B Serotype) in Experimentally Infected Broiler Chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Boroomand ◽  
Keramat Asasi ◽  
Ali Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolate

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolate IRFIBV32 (793/B serotype) in experimentally infected chicken. Ninety-one-day-old commercial broilers were divided randomly into two groups (seventy in the experimental and twenty in the control group). Chicks in the experimental group were inoculated intranasally with 105ELD50/0.1 mL of the virus at three weeks of age. The samples from various tissues were collected at1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, and 20 days postinoculation. Chickens exhibited mild respiratory signs and depression. Viral RNA was detected in the kidney, lung and tracheas on days 1 to 13 PI, in the oviduct between, days 3 and 13, in testes between days 1 and 11 PI, and in the caecal tonsil consistently up to day 20 PI. The most remarkable clinical signs and virus detection appeared on day 1 PI. Data indicated that the number of infected chickens and viral RNA detection from tissues was reduced with increasing antibody titer on day 20 PI. The results demonstrated that the IRFIBV32 virus has wide tissue distribution for respiratory, urogenital, and digestive systems.

scholarly journals Innovative technique for the study of pneumoperitoneum in the evaluation of abdominal pain after chemical irritation with zymozan

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-261
Author(s):  
Eduardo Crema ◽  
Bruna Ferrante Silva ◽  
Pauliana Lamounier e Silva ◽  
Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior ◽  
Fernando Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analgesic Action ◽  
Peritoneal Irritation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Chemical Irritation ◽  
Experimental Group

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of pneumoperitoneum in mice submitted to peritoneal irritation provoked by the biological agent Saccharomyces cerevisae, by counting the number of abdominal contractions elicited. METHODS: To study the effects of pneumoperitoneum analgesic action, 60 mice were divided into two groups: the experimental group, subjected to pneumoperitoneum; and the control group, without pneumoperitoneum. The both groups received intraperitoneal injection of zymosan at a dose of 1mg/0,2ml/mouse. RESULTS: The sum of the number of abdominal contractions of the experimental group (with pneumoperitoneum) was significantly lower than that of the control group (without pneumoperitoneum). In the experimental group, a lower number of contractions occurred in each min compared to the control. CONCLUSION: The observation of the analgesic effect of pneumoperitoneum using CO2 in mice submitted to peritoneal irritation by zymosan was verified.

scholarly journals Experimental study on histopathological changes and tissue tropism of Iranian infectious bronchitis serotype 793/B-like virus in SPF chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Bijanzad ◽  
Reza Momayez ◽  
Mohammad H. Bozorgmehrifard ◽  
Mohammad H. Hablolvarid ◽  
Seyed A. Pourbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Histopathological Lesions

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is prevalent in all countries with intensive poultry flocks. This disease is characterised primarily by respiratory signs, but some IBV strains may also infect other organs such as the intestinal and urogenital tracts. The aim of this study was to characterise the histopathological lesions and tissue tropism of Iranian isolate IR/773/2001(793/B) of avian infectious bronchitis virus in different organs of experimentally infected SPF chickens. Forty-two one-day-old, specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks were divided randomly into two groups (21 chicks to each group). At the age of 12 days, one group was inoculated intra-ocularly with 103 EID50 of the 793/B isolate, and the other was kept as the control group. Tissue samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days post-inoculation (PI). The IBV virus was detected in the caecal tonsils and cloaca from the 2nd to the 12th day PI. The virus was also detected in the kidneys from days 4–10 PI and in the bursa of Fabricius from days 4–12 PI. The virus was detected in the trachea, lungs and thymus. The most obvious histopathological lesions were found in the trachea, kidney, lungs and bursa of Fabricius. Amongst the lymphoid tissues, histopathological changes were found most frequently in the bursa of Fabricius. The results of this study indicated that the 793/B serotype of IBV is unlikely to cause mortality, severe clinical signs or gross lesions in infected chickens, but its replication in some tissues including the bursa of Fabricius could render birds susceptible to other micro-organisms.

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