ESTUDIO DEMOGRÁFICO DE Emilia sonchifolia (ASTERACEAE) EN UNA FINCA CAFETERA DE ARMENIA, QUINDÍO, COLOMBIA

Se realizó un estudio con el fin de determinar la estructura demográfica de Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC en una finca cafetera del Municipio de Armenia, Quindío, Colombia, donde se recolectaron datos durante 4 semanas, en tres sitios: exterior, borde e interior del cultivo. Usando parámetros calculados a partir de los datos de campo, se construyó un modelo logístico para describir el comportamiento poblacional en el tiempo. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables: número de individuos por estado etario en el tiempo, porcentaje de mortalidad, tiempo de cambio del estado plántula a juvenil y de juvenil a adulto, número de hojas y de ramas; no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la densidad poblacional, número de inflorescencias e infrutescencias en los sitios de estudio. En general, se puede atribuir este comportamiento a la estrategia de reproducción r que sigue E. sonchifolia. Finalmente, las simulaciones hechas a partir del modelo logístico sugieren que la especie tiende a desaparecer si alguno de los estados etarios no está presente inicialmente; así, una alternativa plausible para el control sería su eliminación en el estado juvenil. Los resultados ofrecen alternativas con respecto al manejo de poblaciones de arvenses.ABSTRACTA research study was conducted to determine the demographic structure of Emilia sonchifolia L. in a coffee plantation in Armenia, Quindío, Colombia. Data were collected over a period of four weeks on three sites: inside, at the border and outside a coffee farm. A logistic population model was built to describe the population behavior of E. sonchifolia over time. Statiscally significant differences were found between: number of individuals per life stage in time, mortality rate, transition time from seedling to juvenile and from juvenile to adult; and number of leaves and branches. There was no evidence for statistically significant differences in population density or in number of inflorescences and fruits between study sites. In general, the observed behavior may be attributed to the r strategy used by this species. Finally, our results suggest the survival of the species is conditioned by the presence of all life stages at the beginning of each simulation based on the logistic model; so, a potential strategy for its controlling would require the removal during the juvenile stage. The considerations offer alternatives regarding weed population management.

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Diversity and Floristic Composition in the Analogous Vegetation of Indiviso, Baquerizo Moreno, Tungurahua

ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. ◽

10.18502/espoch.v1i4.9503 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

J. Caranqui ◽

M. Ortíz

Keyword(s):

Relative Density ◽

Research Study ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Montane Forest ◽

Transition Zones ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

Breast Height ◽

Importance Index ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Number Of Individuals

This research study contributes to the knowledge of the diversity and similarity of vegetation more than 5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH); the study was carried out in the montane forest located in Tungurahua, Pillaro, Baquerizo Moreno, Indiviso (01°18’S, 78°30’W), at an altitude of 30,400 m. A transect of 1000 m² was made, divided into 5 plots of 50×4 m. The species were identified by the ESPOCH Herbarium, and the values calculated were relative density (DR) and relative dominance (DMR) to obtain the Importance Index (IV). 18 families, 29 genera, and 33 species were found, corresponding to 249 individuals, in which the largest number of individuals were accounted for by Escallonia myrtilloides (8.03%), Macleania rupestris (7.63%), Vaccinium floribundum (6.02%), Gynoxis buxifolia and Miconia bracteolata with 5.62%, Bacharis teindalensis and Blechnum loxensis with 4.82%, and Maytenus vertillata, Hypericum laricifolium, Tibouchina lepidota, Brachyotum ledifolium, Sympoccos with 4.02%; the remaining species had lower values. The reason for finding both species of shrub paramo and high montane forest is not so clear, since physiognomically the area under study was a high montane forest. Furthermore, no studies have been conducted in other transition zones, but for this reason, a high number of species of two types of vegetation is found. Keywords: analogue flowering, shrub paramo, high montane forest, indiviso. Resumen El presente trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de la diversidad y similitud de la vegetación mayor de 5 cm de diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP); el estudio se realizó en el bosque montano localizados en provincia de Tungurahua, cantón Pillaro, parroquia Baquerizo Moreno, sector Indiviso, en las ccordenadas 01°18’S; 78°30’W, altitud 30.400 m.s.n.m. Se realizó un transecto de 1000 m², divididos en 5 subtransectos de 50×4 m. Las especies se identificaron el Herbario ESPOCH, los datos calculados fueron Densidad relativa (DR), dominancia relativa (DMR) para obtener Indice de Importancia (IV). se encontraron 18 familias, 29 géneros, 33 especies que corresponden a 249 individuos, en las cuales el mayor número de individuos cuenta Escallonia myrtilloides (8,03%), Macleania rupestris (7,63%), Vaccinium floribundum (6,02%), Gynoxis buxifolia y Miconia bracteolata con 5,62%, Bacharis teindalensis y Blechnum loxensis con 4,82%, Maytenus vertillata, Hypericum laricifolium, Tibouchina lepidota, Brachyotum ledifolium, Sympoccos quítense con 4,02%; el resto con valores inferiores. La explicación de tanto especies de páramo arbustivo y bosque montano alto no están tan claros, ya que fisionomicamente fue un bosque montano alto esta zona en estudio. Además no se han encontrado estudios en otras zonas de transición, pero por ello se encuentra un número alto de especies de dos tipos de vegetación. Palabras clave: vegetación análoga, páramo arbustivo, bosque montano, indiviso.

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Karakteristik vegetatif dan taksasi produksi kopi robusta tahun 2018 dan 2019 (Survey pada perkebunan kopi rakyat di Dusun Mandang, Desa Sucen, Kecamatan Gemawang, Kabupaten Temanggung)

Agromix ◽

10.35891/agx.v11i2.1937 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 125-135

Author(s):

Yohana Theresia Maria Astuti ◽

Tri Nugraha Budi Santosa ◽

Dian Pratama Putra ◽

Enny Rahayu ◽

Agus Solifudin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survey Methods ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Suitability Analysis ◽

Coffee Plantation ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Land Suitability Analysis ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Better Than

This study aims to evaluate the dinamics of coffee production in Mandang, Sucen Village, Gemawang District, Temanggung on 2018 and 2019. The research was carried out at people coffee plantation in Mandang Hamlet, Sucen Village, Temanggung. Research using survey methods. Observation of performance with 30 samples taken by purposive sampling technique on 3 clones. Land suitability analysis was carried out at 3 observation points. The results obtained are: The vegetative characteristics of robusta coffee BP 288 and BP 409 are better than BP 358 clones, while the robusta coffee production is the same on various clones and plantation location. The long dry season in 2018 and 2019 has an effect on the decline of the number of leaves and coffee production in 2019 compared to 2018 in Mandang Hamlet, Sucen Village, Gemawang district, Temanggung.

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An Application of a Digital Twin to Robotic System Design for an Unstructured Environment

Volume 2B: Advanced Manufacturing ◽

10.1115/imece2019-11337 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Q. Marshall ◽

Cameron Redovian

Keyword(s):

Life Stage ◽

Robotic System ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Design Decision ◽

Feed System ◽

Design Decisions ◽

Digital Twin ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Unstructured Environment ◽

Mobile Base

Abstract An experimentable digital twin is created to aid in a design decision (beginning of life stage) for a robotic system. This product is meant to automate a material-feed system. The robot comprises a six-axis manipulator mounted on a mobile base. Due to variability in the dimensions of the material-feed system and positioning error of the mobile base, the material-placement routine is considered to take place in an unstructured environment. Working therein requires exteroceptive sensors, in this instance taking the form of computer vision. Data from this subsystem are used to match the geometry of the digital twin to the physical environment. This close correspondence between physical and virtual embodiments allows for significant design decisions to be reached from simulated experiments. In this case, two motion-planning approaches are compared and it is determined that the costs associated with implementing the dynamic one in the lab for testing are merited by its ease of use and reliability, since simulation-based control employs all current information.

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Seasonal Patterns of Sporophyte Growth, Fertility, Fouling, and Mortality ofSaccharina latissimain Skagerrak, Norway: Implications for Forest Recovery

Journal of Marine Biology ◽

10.1155/2011/690375 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Guri Sogn Andersen ◽

Henning Steen ◽

Hartvig Christie ◽

Stein Fredriksen ◽

Frithjof Emil Moy

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variations ◽

Life Stage ◽

Kelp Forest ◽

Forest Recovery ◽

Saccharina Latissima ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

Study Sites

On the Skagerrak coast the kelpSaccharina latissimahas suffered severe stand reductions over the last decade, resulting in loss of important habitats. In the present study, healthy kelp plants were transplanted into four deforested areas and their patterns of growth, reproduction, and survival were monitored through subsequent seasons. Our main objective was to establish whether the kelp plants were able to grow and mature in deforested areas. We observed normal patterns of growth and maturation at all study sites. However, heavy fouling by epiphytes occurred each summer, followed by high kelp mortality. The study shows that the seasonal variations and the life stage timing ofS. latissimamake formation of self-sustainable populations impossible in the present environment. Most noteworthy, we suggest that fouling by epiphytes is involved in the lack of kelp forest recovery in Skagerrak, Norway.

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Reef Fishes Colonization Rate Around Artificial Reef in Putus-putus Island, South-East Minahasa District

JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX ◽

10.35800/jip.5.1.2017.14969 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Laurentius T. X. Lalamentik ◽

Unstain N. W. J. Rembet ◽

Adnan S. Wantasen

Keyword(s):

Reef Fish ◽

Fish Species ◽

Research Effort ◽

Artificial Reef ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Reef Fishes ◽

Artificial Reefs ◽

Colonization Rate ◽

Study Sites ◽

Number Of Individuals

A comprehensive research effort was directed to increase the ecological role of Putus-Putus island coral reefs. This study was an implementation of artificial reef technology as fish colonization locality. The artificial reefs were made of 20x20x100 cm-concrete blocks placed in 6 levels and located at the depth of 8-10 m. Reef fish observations were done three times in two locations. Environmental parameters, such as temperature, salinity and visibility, were also measured. Environmental parameters (temperature, salinity a. Water temperature (29.65oC and 29.64oC) supported the coral growth as well. Salinity distribution was not significantly different among the study sites. This study also found 37 reef fish species belonging to 18 families. Number of species varied with observed time and localities. Total number of individuals increased with number of fish species. Mean number of individuals and species of reef fish in locality B were higher than those in locality A. Moreover, the reef fish colonization rate in the study site followed the model y = 4.3801e0.5249x with R2= 0.9297 in the strait and y = 5.0397e0.5493x with R2= 0.9297 for the Bay. Keywords: Artificial reefs, reef fish. Abstrak Suatu upaya penelitian yang komprehensif diarahkan untuk peningkatan fungsi ekologi terumbu karang Pulau Putus-Putus. Penelitian ini berupa penerapan teknologi terumbu buatan sebagai tempat hunian ikan. Terumbu buatan terbuat dari balok cor beton berukuran 20x20x100 cm bersusun 6 dan ditempatkan pada kedalaman 8-10 m. Pengamatan ikan karang dilakukan 3 kali di 2 lokasi berbeda. Parameter lingkungan, seperti suhu, salinitas, dan kecerahan, juga diukur. Hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh (29,65 oC dan 29,64 oC) termasuk suhu yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan karang. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan 37 spesies yang masuk dalam 18 famili ikan karang. Jumlah spesies yang ditemukan bervariasi pada setiap waktu dan lokasi pengamatan. Pengambilan spesies ikan karang dilakukan pada 2 lokasi dengan masing-masing lokasi dilakukan 3 kali pengambilan sampel. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh (tabel 03) dapat dilihat bahwa jumlah individu bertambah seiring dengan banyaknya jumlah spesies ikan karang yang didapat. Rata-rata jumlah individu dan jumlah spesies ikan karang pada lokasi B lebih banyak. Laju hunian ikan karang di lokasi penelitian mengikuti model y = 4.3801e0.5249x dengan R2= 0,9297 untuk lokasi Selat dan y = 5.0397e0.5493x dengan R2= 0,9297 untuk lokasi Teluk. Kata kunci : Terumbu buatan, ikan karang

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Abundance and Distribution of Odonates (Dragonflies and Damselflies) In Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Pan African Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.36108/pajols/8102/10(0160) ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33-38

Author(s):

Kehinde A. Kemabonta ◽

Rosemary Essien ◽

Babasola W. Adu ◽

Sylvester U. Ogbogu ◽

Abdussalam Iysa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Management Techniques ◽

Study Sites ◽

Abundance And Distribution ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Sweep Net

Introduction: Odonates are used as bio-indicators for monitoring habitat degradation both on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem because of their sensitivity to anthropogenic activities. They serve an important role in the ecological food chain by consuming aquatic larvae and being in turn consumed by birds and various amphibians. This study is part of the ongoing research on the diversity of Odonate species of Nigeria. The objective is to determine the abundance and distribution of odonates in Akwa Ibom State and to compare the species diversity across the various sites in Akwa Ibom State. Methodology: Akwa Ibom state was divided into six areas namely Ikot Akpaden, Obio Akpa, Ikot Okoro, Ikot Udofia, Urua Udofia and Obio Ndot using biotypes and a study site was randomly selected in each area. Adult members were captured using a sweep net and were preserved for identification using morphological features. Results: A total of 767 odonates were collected at the six study sites representing 24 species, 16 genera and four families namely Libellulidae (77%), Coenagrionidae (21%), Calopterygidae (>1%) and Chlorocyphidae (>1%). Most of the species collected were members of family Libellullidae (77%) with Palpopleura lucia having the highest occurrence (41%) and found in all the sites. Family Calopterygidae and Chlorocyphidae had less than 1% population of the total individuals collected. Ikot Okoro had the highest number of individuals (238) and the least evenness (e^H/S=0.3292) while Ikot Akpaden, which had the least effect of anthropogenic intrusion had the largest diversity of Odonata species (H’=2.387). Obio Ndot had the most evenly distributed Odonata species (e^H/S=0.8028). There was no statistical difference in the occurrence of dragonflies across all study sites (p= 0.238). Conclusion: The high occurrence of family Libellulidae which are anthropogenic tolerant, and the absence of more highly localized species indicate that most of the study sites have been degraded and may not be fit for species with narrow niches. It is therefore vital to conserve the Odonata community by implementing proper forest management techniques.

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Makrobenthos Sebagai Indikator Tingkat Kesuburan Tambak Di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah

Bioma Berkala Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.14710/bioma.19.1.38-46 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Fuad Muhammad ◽

Munifatul Izzati ◽

Moch. Abdul Mukid

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Stable State ◽

Mangrove Ecosystem ◽

Natural Food ◽

Mangrove Ecosystems ◽

Pond Ecosystem ◽

Mangrove Vegetation ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Study Sites ◽

Number Of Individuals

Makrobenthos that live in the mangrove forest can be used to predict the role or contribution of mangrove ecosystems as a source of natural food for the environment. The aims of research to determine the structure, composition, abundance, diversity makrobenthos of the mangrove ecosystem. The study was conducted by comparing the community structure makrobenthos in pond ecosystem with mangrove vegetation constituent . The location of this study include three areas , Mangunharjo (Semarang), Surodadi (Demak) and Pasarbangi (Rembang). The result can shows makrobentos species composition is dominated by gastropods ( 18 species) , Bivalvia ( 13 species ) , Polychaeta ( 3 types ) , and crustaceans ( 2 types ) . Cerithium and Littorina scabra is a type that has a high density of the mangrove ecosystem . There are differences in the abundance and diversity of plankton and makrobenthos at three study sites. In general Pasarbangi Coast has the highest abundance and diversity . Macrozoobenthos community structure in mangrove ecosystems that exist in the three study sites in a stable state , species diversity and distribution of the number of individuals of each type of uniform . Pasarbangi area with mangrove vegetation polyculture farms , have high primary productivity . This shows the level of primer productivity at the site is also high . Keywords: community structure, macrobenthos, pond ecosystem

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Meiofaunal Dynamics and Heterogeneity along Salinity and Trophic Gradients in a Mediterranean Transitional System

Water ◽

10.3390/w11071488 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Federica Semprucci ◽

Maria Flavia Gravina ◽

Paolo Magni

Keyword(s):

Habitat Heterogeneity ◽

Environmental Variability ◽

Assemblage Structure ◽

Spatiotemporal Variation ◽

Transitional Waters ◽

Study Sites ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

First Time ◽

Transitional System ◽

Trophic Gradients

The spatiotemporal variation in meiofaunal assemblages were investigated for the first time in the Cabras Lagoon, the largest transitional system in the Sardinian Island (W-Mediterranean Sea). Two main environmental (salinity and trophic) gradients highlighted a significant separation of the three study sites across the lagoon, which were consistent through time. The environmental variability and habitat heterogeneity of the Cabras Lagoon influenced the meiofauna. In particular, salinity and dissolved oxygen, primarily, shaped the meiofaunal assemblage structure at the seaward site which was significantly different from both the riverine and the organically enriched sites. On the other hand, the trophic components (e.g., organic matter, Chlorophyll-a, and phaeopigments) and the different degrees of confinement and saprobity among sites were the secondary factors contributing mostly to the separation between the latter two sites. The lack of significant differences in the temporal comparison of the meiofaunal assemblage structure along with the very low contribution of temperature to the meiofaunal ordination indicated that this assemblage was more affected by spatial rather than by temporal variation. This pattern was also supported by significant differences between the three sites in several univariate measures, including total number of individuals, number of taxa, Pielou’s evenness, and the ratio between nematodes and copepods. Thus, the present study corroborates the hypothesis that meiofaunal organisms are good indicators of the spatial heterogeneity in transitional waters (TWs) and could have a greater species richness than that expected. Indeed, the Cabras Lagoon overall showed one of the highest meiofaunal richness values found from both Mediterranean and European TWs.

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Predictive mathematical models for the number of individuals infected with COVID-19

10.1101/2020.05.02.20088591 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A.S. Fokas ◽

N. Dikaios ◽

G.A. Kastis

Keyword(s):

Lower Bound ◽

Mathematical Models ◽

Closed Form ◽

Upper Bound ◽

Logistic Model ◽

Simple Formula ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Sigmoidal Curve ◽

Specific Virus ◽

Number Of Individuals

AbstractWe model the time-evolution of the number N(t) of individuals reported to be infected in a given country with a specific virus, in terms of a Riccati equation. Although this equation is nonlinear and it contains time-dependent coefficients, it can be solved in closed form, yielding an expression for N(t) that depends on a function α(t). For the particular case that α(t) is constant, this expression reduces to the well-known logistic formula, giving rise to a sigmoidal curve suitable for modelling usual epidemics. However, for the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, the long series of available data shows that the use of this simple formula for predictions underestimates N(t); thus, the logistic formula only provides a lower bound of N(t). After experimenting with more than 50 different forms of α(t), we introduce two novel models that will be referred to as “rational” and “birational”. The parameters specifying these models (as well as those of the logistic model), are determined from the available data using an error-minimizing algorithm. The analysis of the applicability of the above models to the cases of China and South Korea suggest that they yield more accurate predictions, and importantly that they may provide an upper bound of the actual N(t). Results are presented for Italy, Spain, and France.

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Impact of Secondary Succession in the Xerothermic Grassland on the Population of the Eastern Pasque Flower (Pulsatilla patens)—Preliminary Studies

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132212575 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 12575

Author(s):

Monika Podgórska ◽

Grzegorz Łazarski

Keyword(s):

Secondary Succession ◽

Permanent Plots ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Community Interest ◽

Individual Traits ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The Individual ◽

Pulsatilla Patens ◽

The Impact ◽

Number Of Individuals

We studied the impact of secondary succession in xerothermic grasslands on a population of Pulsatilla patens, a species of European Community interest. We established two permanent plots with a high number of individuals of P. patens in a xerothermic grassland in Southern Poland. We compared two areas, the first in open grassland (plot A), and the second with overgrowing vegetation (plot B). We assessed the population structure as well as the individual traits of the species. The total abundance of P. patens in the open xerothermic grassland was five times higher than in the overgrowing xerothermic grassland. A randomly clustering distribution was noted only in plot A; in plot B a random type of distribution occurred. The density structure of the rosettes was higher in plot A. The mean number of leaves in rosettes of P. patens as well as dimensions of intermediate stems and leaves of the species is strongly correlated with habitat conditions. The shadowing caused by shrubs and trees and high weeds observed in the overgrowing xerothermic grassland negatively impacted on the number of individuals, distribution, structure and morphology of P. patens.

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