scholarly journals Remediation of High Concentration Chromium Contaminated Soil by Enhanced Electrodynamic Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Lin Guo ◽  
Xiaocun Zhang ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Remediation Technology ◽  
Repair Efficiency ◽  
Enhanced Remediation

High concentration of chromium salt has caused serious pollution to the environment since its production. The long-standing chromium residue has polluted the soil, and the total chromium concentration of some polluted soil has reached 30000 mg / kg. For the remediation of chromium contaminated soil, the enhanced electrodynamic method was proposed. In order to improve the efficiency of electrokinetic remediation of chromium contaminated soil, two enhanced electrokinetic remediation technologies were proposed: Electrokinetic oxidation enhanced remediation technology and electrokinetic enhanced remediation technology. (III) in soil was polluted by oxidant chromium oxide to increase the content of dissolved (VI),so as to improve the efficiency of electric repair, in order to find a suitable PRB medium as a breakthrough to improve the repair efficiency. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional electrodynamic technology, the enhanced electrodynamic method can effectively improve the removal rate of total chromium in the soil, and provide technical support for the enhanced electrodynamic remediation of chromium contaminated soil. The pH control system makes the pH of anode and cathode electrolyte always maintain acidic, and the H+ migration speed is faster than that of OH-, and the pH of soil near the anode is lower than that near the cathode.

Lead (II) Removal from Contaminated Soils by Electrokinetic Remediation Coupled with Modified Eggshell Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Ribeiro ◽  
André Mota ◽  
Margarida Soares ◽  
Carlos Castro ◽  
Jorge Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Eggshell Waste ◽  
Inorganic Fraction ◽  
Maximum Removal

Electrokinetic remediation deserves particular attention in soil treatment due to its peculiar advantages, including the capability of treating fine and low permeability materials, and achieving consolidation, dewatering and removal of salts and inorganic contaminants like heavy metals in a single stage. In this study, the remediation of artificially lead (II) contaminated soil by electrokinetic process, coupled with Eggshell Inorganic Fraction Powder (EGGIF) permeable reactive barrier (PRB), was investigated. An electric field of 2 V cm-1was applied and was used an EGGIF/soil ratio of 30 g kg-1 of contaminated soil for the preparation of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in each test. It was obtained high removal rates of lead in both experiments, especially near the cathode. In the normalized distance to cathode of 0.2 it was achieved a maximum removal rate of lead (II) of 68, 78 and 83% in initial lead (II) concentration of 500 mg-1, 200 mg-1 and 100 mg-1, respectively. EGGIF (Eggshell Inorganic Fraction) proved that can be used as permeable reactive barrier (PRB) since in all the performed tests were achieved adsorptions yields higher than 90%.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effect of Weak and Strong Acids as Electrolytes in the Removal of Cesium by Soil Electrokinetic Remediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Rudy Syah Putra ◽  
Alfi Ihda Amalia ◽  
Naila Zahrotul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

The removal of cesium from artificially contaminated soil using electrokinetic remediation with nitric and acetic acid as electrolytes had been evaluated. In this study, uncontaminated soil was taken from four different sampling points (i.e., A, B, C, and D) in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All samples were prepared as cesium contaminated soil (100 mg CsCl/kg soil), which have similar physicochemical characteristics with Fukushima soil, Japan. The electrokinetic remediation (EKR) was conducted using a graphite electrode in a constant voltage of 1.0 Vcm–1 for 7 days without electrolyte pH control, with 1.0 M nitric and acetic acid as electrolytes. The current profile during the EKR was recorded by a data logger for every 10 min. The remaining cesium in the soil was measured by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 852.1 nm. The results showed that the type of acid used in the experiments affected the removal of cesium. The highest cesium removal was achieved when nitric acid was used in the experiment and then followed by acetic acid. For all acids, the removal ability of cesium from soil was in the following order: soil C > soil A > soil D > soil B.

Influence of Cations in Anolytes on the Power Efficiency in the Electrokinetic Remediation of Chromium(VI)-Contaminated Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Niu ◽  
Shi Chen Zhou ◽  
Xue Ying Tan ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Ionic Conductance ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Remediation Efficiency ◽  
Soil Conductance

In the electrokinetic (EK) remediation of contaminated soils, the ions in porous fluid move out of soil and meanwhile the ions in electrolytes move in, resulting in the changes of soil conductance and remediation efficiency. This paper investigated the influence of different cations on the power efficiency of EK remediation of chromium-contaminated soils with Fe2+, Ca2+, H+, K+, and Na+ ions. Results showed that the cations of low equivalent ionic conductance can effectively decrease the power consumption meanwhile not deteriorating the removal rate of total chromium.

In Situ Remediation Technology of Groundwater Contaminated by Petroleum Contaminants

2011 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Shu Bin Yu ◽  
Zhen Min Ma ◽  
Hui Shen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Capital Investment ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Remediation Technology ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Repair Efficiency ◽  
Petroleum Contaminants

The paper presents concepts of permeable reactive wall, groundwater aeration, in-situ chemical oxidation, in-situ electrokinetic remediation, bioremediation, and the progress of their researches are discussed. Situ remediation of petroleum contaminants in groundwater proposed a variety of technologies should combine to improve the repair efficiency and reduce capital investment.

scholarly journals Effect of chemical additives on electrokinetic remediation of Cr-contaminated soil coupled with a permeable reactive barrier

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 182138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yu ◽  
Faheem Muhammad ◽  
Yujie Yan ◽  
Lin Yu ◽  
Huilin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Voltage Gradient ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Leaching Efficiency

Chromium (Cr) contamination in soil, especially Cr(VI), is a serious threat to the environment and human health. The electrokinetic remediation (EKR) is a promising technology to remediate the Cr(VI). Therefore, in this study, EKR coupled with a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was used to treat the Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. The CTMAB-Z, a modified zeolite (prepared with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) alone and a mixture of CTMAB-Z and Fe(0) were used as PRB-1 and PRB-2 reactive media, respectively. The effect of chemical enhancers/additives, i.e. DL-tartaric acid and Tween 80 on EKR of Cr(VI) was also analysed in the contrasting experiments. While the effects of repair time, voltage gradient and DL-tartaric acid concentration on Cr(VI) remediation were investigated by using the multifactor orthogonal experiment which was based on contrasting experiments. The contrasting experiment results showed that the highest Cr(VI) removal rate (66.27%) and leaching efficiency (71.29%) were observed in the experimental group which had DL-tartaric acid and PRB-2. Furthermore, the multifactor orthogonal experiment results had depicted that the highest Cr(VI) removal rate (80.92%) and leaching efficiency (85.25%) were achieved after treating the samples at a voltage gradient of 2.5 V cm −1 for 8 days in the presence of 0.15 M concentration of DL-tartaric acid. This study demonstrated that Cr(VI) remediation through EKR process could be significantly enhanced by the use of PRB and additives.

Response Surface Method Analysis on Electro-Enhanced Technique for Remediation of Cadmium Contaminated Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 980 ◽  
pp. 502-511
Author(s):  
Yu Shan Wan ◽  
Ju An Zhai ◽  
An Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Remediation Time

In view of the problems of long remediation time, high energy consumption and low remediation efficiency in electrokinetic remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, Cd was used to simulate heavy metals in contaminated soil, and response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize the factors influencing electrokinetic remediation. Central Composite (CCD) experimental design method was taken to study the effects of electric field strength, remediation time and water content on removal rate of Cd in soil. Also, polynomial regression mathematical model and optimal reaction conditions were provided for Cd pollution in electrokinetic soil remediation. The simulated equation F was 15.67, the correlation coefficient was 0.9338, and the adjustment correlation coefficient was 0.9042, indicating good regression and strong significance of the equation. The model results showed that, for the optimal experimental conditions, electric field strength was 2.25V·cm-1, the remediation time was 120.79h, and the water content was 17.06%. On the basis of such reaction condition, intermittent current flow method was adopted d to further enhance the electrokinetic remediation effect. The cadmium removal rate in the soil was increased by 3.17%, 2.86% and 2.43%, respectively, and the electric energy consumption was decreased by 10.54%, 11.28% and 9.97%, respectively, suggesting that the method could effectively improve the removal rate of Cd and reduce energy consumption.

Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soils With Chromium

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ribeiro ◽  
C. Vilarinho ◽  
J. Araújo ◽  
J. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Reactive Barrier

Soil is a vital natural resource that regulates our environment sustainability and provide essential resources to humans and nature. Nowadays, with an increasingly populated and urbanized world, pollution is widely recognized as a significant challenge to soil and groundwater resources management. The most common chemicals found in soils and water plumb in a dissolved state and considered as potential pollutants are heavy metals, dyes, phenols, detergents, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and others organic substances, such as organic matter. Unlike organic contaminants, heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms and many heavy metal ions are known to be toxic or carcinogenic. Toxic heavy metals of particular concern zinc, copper, nickel, mercury, cadmium, lead and chromium. Electrokinetic remediation deserves particular attention in soil treatment due to its peculiar advantages, including the capability of treating fine and low permeability materials, and achieving consolidation, dewatering and removal of salts and inorganic contaminants like heavy metals in a single stage. In this study, the remediation of artificially chromium contaminated soil by electrokinetic process, coupled with Eggshell Inorganic Fraction Powder (EGGIF) permeable reactive barrier (PRB), was investigated. An electric field of 2 V cm−1 was applied and was used an EGGIF/soil ratio of 30 g kg−1 of contaminated soil for the preparation of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in each test. Results proved that the study of chromium mobility revealed the predominance in its transportation through the soil towards the anode, due essentially to the existence of chromium in the form of oxyanions (chromate and dichromate), which confers a negative charge to the molecule. Chromium removal by electrokinetic remediation was faster in low levels of concentration and the utilization of citric acid as buffer and complexing agent allowed to maintain pH of soil below the precipitation limit for this element. It was obtained high removal rates of chromium in both experiments, especially near the anode. In the normalized distance to cathode of 0.8 it was achieved a maximum removal rate of chromium of 55, 59 and 60% in initial chromium concentration of 500 mg kg−1, 250 mg kg−1 and 100 mg kg−1, respectively. The viability of the new coupling technology developed (electrokinetic with EGGIF permeable reactive barrier) to treat low-permeability polluted soils was demonstrated. Based on the proved efficiency, this remediation technique has to be optimized and applied to real soils in order to validate it as a large-scale solution.

An Enhanced Remediation Technology for Contaminated Groundwater

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1089-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Voltage Gradient ◽  
Barrier Method ◽  
Remediation Technology ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Remediation Process ◽  
Enhanced Remediation

The removal efficiencies of pollutants in the electrokinetic remediation with a new PRB (Permeable Reactive Barrier) method was studied for the remediation of groundwater contaminated by Pb in this paper. The experimental results showed that the pH value has varied obviously because of the oxidation and reduction near the electrodes, i.e. the pH value near the anode changed from 6.5 to 5.9 but near the cathode it varied from 6.4 to 8.9 in the experiment process, which indicated that the condition of acidity, alkalinity and other environment factors in groundwater had varied clearly during the electrokinetic remediation process. And the removal efficiency of Pb was respectively 57.84% near the anode and 92.60% near the cathode, and the removal efficiency of COD was respectively 40.28% near the anode and 90.40% near the cathode at the end of experiment when the experimental voltage gradient was 0.35V/cm, which made known that this new enhanced electrokinetic remediation of groundwater was more effective method than that of ordinary PRB technology in groundwater.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR BATIK MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI METODE NETRALISASI DAN ELEKTROKOAGULASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Beauty Suestining Diyah Dewanti ◽  
Tafana Firdausi Prastiwi ◽  
Alexander Tunggul Sutan Haji
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Process Waste ◽  
Alternative Processing ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Process Waste Water

In the process of production, batik industry often used chemicals such as dye used in dyeing process. Waste water of batik industry containing high concentration of BOD, COD, suspended solid, and color relatively high. One of alternative processing for liquid waste batik is using the neutralization and electrocoagulation method. The purposes of this research were to find the influence of processing with the neutralization and electrocoagulation methode, to find the removal efficiency and to know optimal voltage in reducing the concentration of total chromium, COD, and TSS on liquid waste batik. At the neutralization methode using concentrated HCl. Electrode used in electrocoagulation methode was aluminium as plate electrodes. The observation parameter were total chromium, COD, and TSS at 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The process of neutralization and electrocoagulation of liquid waste batik most effective was reached on voltage 12 volts at 90 minutes that decrease total chromium concentration from 4,908 mg/L to 0,005 mg/L, COD concentration from 1890 mg/L to 68,55 mg/L, and TSS concentration from 296,7 mg/L to 41 mg/L. the voltage as able to produce electrical power equal to 0,036 KWH. A method of electrocoagulation most efficient to remove 99,90%, 96,37%, and 86,18% of total chromium, COD, and TSS respectively. Keywords : Total Chromium, COD, TSS, Liquid Waste Batik, Electrocoagulation

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