scholarly journals Vulnerabilidade social e transtornos mentais

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. e38616
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Rizzo Zanardo ◽  
Carla Aparecida Arena Ventura ◽  
Rita de Cassia Consule
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
De Se ◽  
Academic Search

A saúde mental representa parte essencial da vida das pessoas, podendo resultar no aumento da desigualdade de renda e de vulnerabilidade social. Assim, as relações entre saúde/doença mental e vulnerabilidade social incitam uma série de reflexões e de contextualizações para sua maior compreensão. Esta scoping review apresenta como objetivo mapear as produções científicas sobre as vulnerabilidades das pessoas com transtornos mentais em suas diferentes relações sociais. Divide-se em cinco etapas, com buscas nas bases de dados: MEDLINE via Pubmed; SCOPUS e Academic Search Premier, e busca nas referências dos artigos encontrados, a fim de responder à questão de pesquisa: “Como ocorre à vulnerabilidade das pessoas com transtorno mental em suas diferentes relações sociais?”. Foram encontrados 211 artigos e após as exclusões de estudos não pertinentes, foram incluídos 31 artigos. Os artigos foram organizados em 3 (três) categorias: 1 – a vulnerabilidade das pessoas com transtornos mentais e os serviços de saúde; 2 – a vulnerabilidade das pessoas com transtornos mentais e os determinantes sociais; e 3 – a vulnerabilidade das pessoas com transtornos mentais e a violência/vitimização. Dessa forma, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de mais estudos sobre a temática, assim como a reavaliação das políticas públicas voltadas às pessoas com transtornos mentais, no intuito de se tornarem mais eficazes, tanto na garantia dos direitos desse grupo como na manutenção de sua saúde mental.

scholarly journals The role of spirituality and spiritual care in complementary and alternative medicine: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-724
Author(s):  
Mujeeb Hoosen ◽  
Nicolette Vanessa Roman ◽  
Thuli Godfrey Mthembu
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Holistic Treatment ◽  
Practitioner Perceptions ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Background: Spirituality has become more prevalent in health professions other than complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). In CAM, spirituality appears to be part of a foundational component of the clinical practice, which is valued by many patients. Spirituality has gained popularity in healthcare education and practice; however, the contribution made by CAM remains minimal evidenced by the paucity of studies on the topic of spirituality in CAM. Therefore, there is need for a scoping review to: 1) to explore the focus and nature of research on spirituality in CAM; 2) to provide recommendations based on the relational aspects between spirituality and CAM. Methods: A scoping review was performed of all relevant articles found in Ebscohost (Academic Search Complete), Science Direct, and Scopus published between 2000 and 2019. This scoping review included two hundred and six studies, of these, twentytwo articles focussed on the role of spirituality in CAM. Results: These four themes were reported in the results: spirituality as a modality of CAM; patient perceptions of the role of spirituality and CAM; practitioner perceptions of the role of spirituality and CAM; and the role of spirituality and CAM in education and practice. Spirituality was considered an important component and was linked to culture, traditions and/or religious beliefs. The use of spirituality in CAM was especially linked to patients living with chronic disease such as diabetes, cardiac conditions and cancer. Spirituality seemingly facilitated health care and while patients expected spirituality healthcare advice from CAM practitioners most CAM practitioners felt ill equipped to deal with the topic appropriately. Conclusions: Overall, this scoping review highlights that the role of spirituality in CAM seem to be of value for both practitioners and clients within the CAM clinical setting. However, only a few practitioners include spiritual healthcare advice without clear guidelines. Consequently, this may compromise the holistic treatment, which so many patients expect within the CAM domain. Therefore, there is a need for the inclusion of spirituality in the CAM curriculum and guidelines for CAM practitioners. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.714-724

scholarly journals Implementation of the WHO’s collaborative framework for the management of tuberculosis and diabetes: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e047342
Author(s):  
Rita Suhuyini Salifu ◽  
Mbuzeleni Hlongwa ◽  
Khumbulani Hlongwana
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Joint Management ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Press ◽  
Complete Health ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
Narrative Report ◽  
Academic Search

ObjectiveTo map evidence on the implementation of the WHO’s collaborative framework for the management of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity, globally.DesignScoping review.MethodsGuided by Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework, this review mapped literature on the global implementation of the framework for the management of TB and DM comorbidity, globally. An extensive literature search for peer-reviewed studies, theses, studies in the press and a list of references from the selected studies was conducted to source-eligible studies. PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, the EBSCOhost platform (academic search complete, health source: nursing/academic edition, CINAHL with full text), Scopus and the WHO library were used to source the literature. We performed title screening of articles using keywords in the databases, after which two independent reviewers (RS and PV) screened abstracts and full articles. Studies from August 2011 to May 2021 were included in this review and the screening was guided by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings were analysed using the thematic content analysis approach and results presented in the form of a narrative report. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension was used as a checklist and for explaining the scoping review process.ResultsThis review found evidence of the WHO TB-DM collaborative framework’s implementation in 35 countries across the globe. TB-DM comorbidity was identified in patients through bidirectional screening of both patients with TB and patients with DM in rural and urban settings.ConclusionDue to the paucity of evidence on mechanisms of collaboration, we recommend further research in other implementing countries to identify techniques used for diagnosis and integration of TB and DM services, in order to ensure that effective and joint management of TB-DM comorbidity in populations is achieved.

Strategies of communicating health-related risks to vulnerable groups of immigrants during a pandemic: a scoping review of qualitative and quantitative evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Koval ◽  
Ole Andreas Engen ◽  
Jacob Kringen ◽  
Siri Wiig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Academic Search

PurposeThe purpose of this rapid scoping review was to map existing literature on risk communication strategies implemented by authorities and aimed at vulnerable immigrants in the context of pandemics.Design/methodology/approachExisting literature on the topic was charted in terms of its nature and volume by summarizing evidence regarding the communication strategies. Literature searches were conducted in Academic Search Premier and CINAHL, databases were searched from 2011 to present on March 31, 2021.FindingsFive articles met the criteria and were included in this review, pointing at limited research in this area. The findings indicated that a close interaction between communication authorities and immigrants is important. Community education, building trust in communication sources, clear risk communication and inclusive decision-making among all were found to be important when communicating health risks to immigrants.Research limitations/implicationsThe primary limitation of this rapid scoping review is that the literature searches were conducted in only two databases, namely, Academic Search Premier and CINAHL. A wider search across several other databases could have given more profound results. Furthermore, some studies where immigrants were conceptualized as, for instance, “disadvantaged groups” might be overseen due to a choice of the search strategy used in this study. There are also certain limitations related to the studies included in this review.Practical implicationsIdentifying efficient ways of conveying recommendations may further assist authorities and scientists in developing more effective health-related risk communication.Originality/valueThis study covered health-related risk communication in the context of pandemics, addressing the need to investigate different groups of immigrants and the challenges related to communicating risks to these groups.

scholarly journals Occupational health in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Luis Carlos Betancourt Sanchez ◽  
Edwin Omar Ochoa Gelvez ◽  
Claudia Carolina Velásquez Bernal ◽  
Yenny Andrea Rozo Silva ◽  
Daniel Arturo Quiroga Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Personal Protection Equipment ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Face ◽  
Search And Selection ◽  
Academic Search

Objective To collect the available evidence related to occupational health in the face of the introduction of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic.Methods Scoping review developed from the Arksey and O'Malley framework. The search was performed in the databases PubMed, Academic Search Complete, Science Direct, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Documents on COVID-19 and its relationship with occupational health published in English, Portuguese and Spanish were included. The review, selection and characterization of the studies was carried out by five reviewers.Results The search and selection identified 43 documents published between December 2019 and April 2020. The topics covered include occupational exposure, protection measures, psychosocial affectations of workers, particularly health, as well as conditions of work organization that can influence contagion.Conclusions Health workers are the most exposed workforce. Accompaniment, coaching and training in relation to patient care and the use of personal protection equipment are essential to reduce contagion among health personnel. In other work activities, social distancing is the standard measure for the mitigation of transmission, as well as the continuous disinfection of workplaces.

scholarly journals Uso do software iramuteq nas pesquisas brasileiras da área da saúde: uma scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira Salvador ◽  
Andréa Tayse de Lima Gomes ◽  
Cláudia Cristiane Filgueira Martins Rodrigues ◽  
Flávia Barreto Tavares Chiavone ◽  
Kisna Yasmin Andrade Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
De Se

Objetivo: Identificar o uso do Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ), nas pesquisas qualitativas produzidas no âmbito dos programas de pós-graduação da área da saúde no Brasil. Métodos: Os métodos empregues implicaram a realização de uma scoping review, em que se analisaram dissertações e teses produzidas, no âmbito dos programas de pós-graduação da área da saúde e que se configuravam como pesquisas qualitativas, com uso do IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva simples. Os resultados indicaram uma amostra final que consistiu em 54 pesquisas. Verificaram-se certas inconsistências no uso do IRAMUTEQ, tais como as seguintes: mencionar o do IRAMUTEQ como técnica de análise de dados; utilizar pouco ou limitado volume textual; e usar a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, mesmo com a quantidade de retenção do texto inferior ao recomendado. Tais elementos precisam de ser adequadamente considerados pelo pesquisador, com o objetivo de se produzir análises de dados confiáveis e fundamentadas. Conclusão: Poder-se-á afirmar que o quantitativo de investigações que utilizaram o IRAMUTEQ foi crescente ao longo dos anos e, portanto, um tal software tem sido incorporado nas pesquisas qualitativas da área da saúde produzidas no âmbito dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros.

scholarly journals Is Healthcare AI Research Engaging Publics In Conversations About Ethics? Protocol For A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Kellie Frost ◽  
Rebecca Bosward ◽  
Yves Saint James Aquino ◽  
Annette Braunack-Mayer ◽  
Stacy M Carter
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Academic Search

Abstract Background: In recent years, innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of new healthcare AI (HCAI) technologies. Whilst some of these technologies show promise for improving the patient experience, ethicists have warned that AI can introduce and exacerbate harms and wrongs in healthcare. It is important that HCAI reflects the values that are important to people. However, involving patients and publics in substantive conversations about AI ethics remains challenging due to relatively limited awareness of HCAI technologies. This scoping review aims to map how the existing literature on publics’ attitudes toward HCAI addresses key issues in AI ethics and governance.Methods: We developed a search query to conduct a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Academic Search Complete from January 2010 onwards. We will include primary research studies which document publics’ or patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. A coding framework has been designed and will be used capture qualitative and quantitative data from the articles. Two reviewers will code a proportion of the included articles and any discrepancies will be discussed amongst the team, with changes made to the coding framework accordingly. Final results will be reported quantitatively and qualitatively, examining how each AI ethics issue has been addressed by the included studies.Discussion: If HCAI is to be implemented ethically and legitimately, publics and patients must be included in important conversations about HCAI ethics. This review will explore how ethical issues are addressed in literature examining publics and patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. We aim to describe how publics and patients have been successfully consulted on HCAI ethics, and to identify any areas of HCAI ethics where more work is needed to include publics and patients in research and discussions.

scholarly journals Promoção do sono em unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatais: scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-575
Author(s):  
Ana Correia ◽  
Margarida Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Nutritive Sucking ◽  
Ebsco Host ◽  
Academic Search

El sueño desempeña un papel fundamental en el crecimiento y desarrollo de los recién nacidos, su privación presenta numerosos efectos negativos. El ambiente de las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales (UCIN) se presenta como perturbador y nocivo del sueño neonatal.Objetivo: Mapear la evidencia científica existente en cuanto a las estrategias promotoras del sueño de los recién nacidos en contexto de UCIN. Metodología: Scoping review basada en la metodología propuesta por el Joanna Briggs Institute, utilizando los siguientes motores de búsqueda y bases de datos: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINHAL Plus with Full Text e Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive via EBSCO-HOST, Academic Search Complete, ScienceDirect e Directory of Open Access Journals via B-ON, LILACS, RCAAP e SciELO. Definido como limitadores artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años (hasta febrero de 2019), disponibles en portugués o inglés y en texto completo.Resultados: Se localizaron 186 registros, y la muestra final incluyó 9 estudios que respondieron al objetivo de la revisión sobre la base de los criterios de inclusión definidos. Las estrategias promotoras del sueño identificadas remiten a la gestión del ambiente en la UCIN, concentración de los cuidados de enfermería respetando el ciclo de sueño / vigilia de los recién nacidos, posicionamiento adecuado, contención, succión no nutritiva, técnica de Yakson, toque humano suave, canguro materno, masaje, estímulos auditivos tranquilos y colchón modelador. Conclusión: Dada la importancia del sueño en el desarrollo de los recién nacidos, es fundamental el papel del Enfermero a través de la adopción de estrategias protectoras y promotoras de éste, especialmente en contexto de UCIN. Sleep plays a fundamental role in the growth and development of newborns, with their deprivation having many negative effects. The environment of the neonatal intensive care units (NICU) presents itself as disturbing and harmful for the neonatal sleep.Objective: Map the existing scientific evidence regarding the strategies promoting newborn’s sleep in the NICU setting.Methodology: Scoping review based on the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, using the following search engines and databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINHAL Plus with Full Text and Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive via EBSCO-HOST, Academic Search Complete, ScienceDirect and Directory of Open Access Journals via B-ON, LILACS, RCAAP and SciELO. As search limiters, there were defined articles published in the last 5 years (until February 2019), available in Portuguese or in English and in full text.Results: A total of 186 results were listed, and the final sample included 9 studies that responded to the review objective based on the selected inclusion criteria. The sleep-promoting strategies identified refer to the management of the environment in the NICU, the concentration of Nursing care respecting the newborn’s sleep-wake cycle, and non-pharmacological interventions such as proper positioning, physical restraint, non-nutritive sucking, Yakson technique, gentle human touch, kangaroo mother care, massage, calm auditory stimuli and remolding mattress.Conclusion: Given the importance of sleep in the newborn’s development, the nurse’s role is crucial through the implementation of protective and promoting sleep strategies, especially in the NICU. O sono tem um papel fundamental no crescimento e desenvolvimento dos recém-nascidos, com a sua privação a apresentar inúmeros efeitos negativos. O ambiente das unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatais (UCIN) apresenta-se como perturbador e nocivo do sono neonatal.Objetivo: Mapear a evidência científica existente quanto às estratégias promotoras do sono do recém-nascido em contexto de UCIN. Método: Scoping review baseada na metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute, com recurso aos seguintes motores de busca e bases de dados: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINHAL Plus with Full Text e Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive via EBSCO-HOST, Academic Search Complete, ScienceDirect e Directory of Open Access Journals via B-ON, LILACS, RCAAP e SciELO. Definidos como limitadores artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos (até fevereiro de 2019), disponíveis em português ou inglês e em texto integral.Resultados: Foram localizados 186 registos, tendo a amostra final incluído 9 estudos que responderam ao objetivo da revisão com base nos critérios de inclusão definidos. As estratégias promotoras do sono identificadas remetem para a gestão do ambiente na UCIN, concentração dos cuidados de Enfermagem respeitando o ciclo de sono-vigília dos recém-nascidos, posicionamento adequado, contenção, sucção não-nutritiva, técnica de Yakson, toque humano suave, canguru materno, massagem, estímulos auditivos calmos e colchão modelador.Conclusão: Dada a importância do sono no desenvolvimento dos recém-nascidos, é fulcral o papel do Enfermeiro através da adoção de estratégias protetoras e promotoras deste, especialmente em contexto de UCIN.

Music Therapy in Post-Stroke Patient Anxiety Problems: Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1694-1701
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Yunita Sofiana Mbau ◽  
Fitria Handayani ◽  
Novi Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Duration Of Therapy ◽  
Music Genre ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Therapy Intervention

This article uses the scoping review method, through a review of articles on music therapy interventions that have been used to reduce anxiety in post-stroke patients. Article searches are accessed through the database: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Academic search ultimate, science direct, and google scholar. Results: Music therapy can be applied to treat psychological problems such as anxiety in post-stroke patients. The results of the review of the article found 3 findings, namely: 1) music genre, 2) duration of music therapy, 3) sessions in music therapy. Music therapy to deal with anxiety problems in post-stroke patients is by paying attention to the music genre, the duration or duration of therapy, and the sessions or stages of music therapy. Music therapy intervention can be carried out by nurses as an independent intervention, which can be applied to both post-stroke patients who are still inpatient and who are undergoing rehabilitation

Psychological and Neural Differences of Music Processing in Autistic Individuals: A Scoping Review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Hernandez-Ruiz ◽  
Ruowen Qi ◽  
Emily Welsh ◽  
Madelyn Wampler ◽  
Liesel Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Author Study ◽  
Passive Listening ◽  
General Skills ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Participant Information

Abstract Despite abundant research and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of music interventions for people in the autism spectrum, understanding of music processing in this community is limited. We explored whether research evidence of differences in music processing within the autistic community is available. We developed a scoping review to search for literature with the terms “music”, “processing,” and “autism” (and variants). We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, and Music Index databases for a total of 10,857 articles, with 5,236 duplicates. The remaining 5,621 titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility by a team of four undergraduate and graduate students and the PI. Seventy-five studies were included for data extraction. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics regarding author, study, stimulus, and participant information, and a thematic analysis of outcome and findings. Our findings are preliminary given the emerging nature of the literature, the use of mostly non-musical auditory stimuli, passive listening experiences, and underreported demographics. However, the literature shows some evidence of differences in music processing for autistic individuals, including reduced habituation to non-musical and musical stimuli; truncated, delayed, or divergent developmental trajectories; and possible compensatory higher-order mechanisms that yield similar behavioral responses even in the presence of divergent neural correlates. Music therapists are encouraged to adopt a developmental perspective, not only of general skills, but specifically of music skill development in this community, and to extrapolate these findings with caution, given the current limitations in the evidence.

scholarly journals Benefícios do uso do mel no tratamento do pé diabético: Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e956974663
Author(s):  
Isabel Dutra da Cruz ◽  
Daliane Soares Dantas Monteiro ◽  
Mikael de Araújo Silva ◽  
Bruno Oliveira Carreiro ◽  
Érico Gurgel Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Academic Search

O pé diabético pode ser compreendido como destruição de tecidos moles, infecção ou ulceração associada a alterações neurológicas e vasculares nos membros inferiores de portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM). É também uma das mais graves, dispendiosas e devastadoras complicações da DM, sendo as úlceras nos pés precursoras, em 85% dos casos, da amputação do membro inferior. Assim, o mel surge como uma alternativa de tratamento, sendo barato, com pouco risco de resistência bacteriana e amplamente disponível, fatores imprescindíveis para a continuidade do tratamento pelos pacientes. Este artigo é uma Scoping Rewiew que pretende descrever as evidências de forma a elucidar os benefícios do mel no tratamento do pé diabético. A pesquisa engloba estudos primários, revisões, metanálises e/ou metassínteses, livros e guidelines, teses e dissertações, publicados em fontes indexadas ou na literatura cinzenta publicados nas bases de dados: Scielo, LILACS, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL e Academic Search Premier, CAPS, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações USP, Busca Integrada USP. Na literatura revisada, foram encontrados 33 diferentes benefícios descritos para o uso do mel.  Dentre eles, destacam-se a maior taxa de cicatrização, propriedades antimicrobianas, anti-inflamatórias e desbridantes, entre outras. Portanto, os estudos analisados demonstraram uma grande variedade de benefícios, refletindo a complexidade de ação e a utilidade deste produto.

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