scholarly journals Painkillers among people aged 20-30 according to questionnaires

E-methodology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
KATARZYNA CIECIORA ◽  
ROKSANA PAPIERKOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Real Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Know How ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Wide Access ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. Painkillers are one of the most widespread drugs on the pharmaceutical market, individual analgesics belong to the OTC (over-the-counter drug) group, which are also available outside pharmacies. The universality and wide availability of painkillers posea real problem of medication errors. The aim of the study was to examine the attitude of people aged 20-30 to taking painkillers and to examine the level of knowledge of the respondents about them.Method. The study involved 70 people aged 20-30 who voluntarily fi lled in an original electronic questionnaire, which included the attitude of people of this age to taking  medications and questions assessing their knowledge about the medications they take. It included questions about the type of drugs taken, frequency, intensity of pain at which the respondents took analgesics and knowledge about possible adverse effects in the case of long-term use of analgesics or their overdose. The most numerous age group were people aged 20-30, they constituted 55.7% of the respondents. People aged 24-27 accounted for 24.3%, while 20% were people aged 28-30. Most respondents showed that their current place of residence is a city with over 500,000 inhabitants. Most of the respondents had secondary education and it amounted to 51.4%.Results and conclusion. As many as 85.7% of people take painkillers. 35.7% of the respondents take medication once a month, while 34.3% take medication less frequently than once a month. 60.9% of people know the effects of chronic overuse of painkillers, butas many as 39.1% of respondents have a knowledge defi cit in this regard. The study found that 89.9% of people aged 20-30 know how to safely use painkillers, only 10.1% do not know in this regard. Most people in this age group use drugs when the intensity of pain is 4, which means that the most numerous group of people takes drugs when the intensity of pain is very high. This indicates that drugs are not taken without necessity, which results in their chronic non-use, as a result of which the risk of side effectscaused by overuse of painkillers is minimised. The study showed that 35.7% take painkillers once a month and 34.3% less than oncea month. Mostly women take medication once a month, this could possibly be associated with menstrual pain. The survey shows that 60.9% of people know the effects of chronic overuse of painkillers. It follows that most of the respondents know the consequences ofoverusing painkillers, but a large proportion of people in this age group show a defi cit of knowledge about what is dangerous to their health, therefore it is necessary to educate people aged 20-30 years in this regard.Cognitive value. The conducted research shows the attitude of young people toward painkillers. The cognitive value is the selection of a specifi c research group which from an early age, has the possibility to observe easy and wide access to analgesics.

Numerical Simulation of Vortex Induced Vibration Using the K-ε Model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan B. V. Wanderley ◽  
Gisele H. B. Souza ◽  
Carlos Levi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Vortex Induced Vibration ◽  
Selection Of

Numerical simulations of Vortex Induced Vibration have been failing to duplicate accurately experimental data mostly due to the complexity of the physics involved in the real problem. Therefore, a careful and comprehensive investigation on CFD algorithms is still required to indicate the most suitable numerical scheme to handle such a complicate problem. Grid generation, boundary condition implementation, and coupling between the fluid flow governing equations and body motion equation are known to have strong influence on the qualities of the numerical results. This work presents results obtained from a long-term investigation featuring different CFD methods. The investigations enabled the selection of a very effective algorithm that showed an outstanding agreement between experiment and numerical simulation of the VIV phenomenon. Good agreement is obtained in the entire range of reduced velocity covered by the experimental investigations. The successful algorithm discussed here applies the Beam and Warming implicit scheme to solve the two-dimensional slightly compressible Navier–Stokes equations with the K-ε turbulence model to simulate the turbulent flow at the wake of the cylinder.

scholarly journals Analysis of prescription and consumption of medicines in children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement-VI) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Ľ. Lehocká ◽  
M. Fulmeková ◽  
L. Masaryková
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
All Diseases ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

Analysis of prescription and consumption of medicines in children and adolescentsIn our study we analysed the prescription and consumption of medicines in children and adolescents. A total of 5200 medical prescriptions realized by a community pharmacy were evaluated. By selection of medical prescriptions prescribed to patients in the age group of up to 18 years of age a study group of 233 prescriptions was made. The group was identified by age and sex of the patients. In the group of prescriptions we analysed the incidence of individual diagnoses and consumption of medicines from different points of view, according to age, sex and rate of individual diagnoses according to the ATC system. Based on our analysis it was concluded, that the most frequent diseases affecting children and adolescents are diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the ear and mastoid process, digestive system and skin diseases. With the exception of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the incidence of all diseases is quite similar in both sexes. In the present, the consumption of prescription medicines used by children and adolescents is still very high mainly in the age group from 7 to 15 years of age.

HIV prevalence in Zimbabwean women: 54-67% knowledge and perceived risk

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Mbizvo ◽  
S E Msuya ◽  
A Hussain ◽  
M Z Chirenje ◽  
B Stray-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Female Condoms

This study examined the level of knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV, knowledge of symptoms and potential sequelae of STI and perceived personal risks of infection among urban women in Zimbabwe. The women consented to being interviewed, examined, tested and treated for curable diagnosed STIs. Prevalence of both STI and HIV was high 11.4% and 54.5% among women aged 15-19 years, 28.5% and 62.4% among those 20-29 years and was highest among the age group ≥30 years 39.0% and 67.0% respectively. Women aged 15-19 years least perceived their risk of infection. Of the women with the highest rates of STI/HIV infection, less than 30% were aware of their vulnerability to such infections. Knowledge of specific STIs, their symptoms and sequelae was generally low. Women who did not know about syphilis, gonorrhoea, chancroid or warts were more likely to perceive themselves at no risk of infection. Condom use was very low (16.5%). There is an urgent need to improve current education programmes to raise awareness of STIs and the dangers of their long-term sequelae along with behavioural skills building interventions that include equipping women with negotiating skills, making female condoms available at affordable prices and motivating condom use.

Selecting Future Development Partners Through Monitoring of Existing Collaborations

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Nass ◽  
Reiner Anderl
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Know How ◽  
Development Partner ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Selection Of

Cross-company collaboration in product development is currently faced with major challenges because of varieties of reasons. Companies depend on acquiring the know-how for innovative future products from outside the company while the support is not limited on the product development but rather on continuous collaboration over product life cycle and consequently are planned for long term normally. These development partners have to get an early and deep read into product and process design of the company for a goal-oriented cooperation. Despite these far-reaching knowledge of the development partner about the own company, the selection of a development partners is still founded on subjective criteria or random acquaintances yet. This approach uses data from ERP systems for the business view and of PDM systems representing the technical view for the monitoring of current cooperation and development partners. It becomes possible to monitor actual collaborations continuously and targeted for their suitability and also serves to gather and analyze information in order to select suitable development partners.

scholarly journals A qualitative investigation of the allergic rhinitis network from the perspective of the patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Cvetkovski ◽  
Vicky Kritikos ◽  
Rachel Tan ◽  
Kwok Yan ◽  
Elizabeth Azzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Medication Prescription ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Patient self-selection of over-the-counter medicines for the management of allergic rhinitis is suboptimal. The mapping of the allergic rhinitis network demonstrates that patients’ decisions with regards to their allergic rhinitis management can be influenced by up to 11 individuals/resources (alters). This study aimed to identify the role of alters within the allergic rhinitis network and identify the factors that determined their degree of influence as perceived by the patient. This research was a qualitative exploration embedded in an empirical framework and social network theory. People with allergic rhinitis were interviewed about their network and transcripts were analysed deductively and inductively. Transcripts were coded by researchers independently and then discussed until agreement was reached. Forty-one participants described the roles of 17 alters on their allergic rhinitis management. The roles of alters fell within five categories: diagnosis, medication prescription/supply/administration, medication recommendation, information about allergic rhinitis and emotional support. Participant interactions with these alters were often acute and had a long standing effect, with the participants often navigating the long-term management on their own. The significance of the influence of each alter on their allergic rhinitis management was dependent on the level of trust in their relationship, impact of the role made to the participants’ day-to-day management of allergic rhinitis and/or the participant’s beliefs. Allergic rhinitis management was fragmented and had opportunity to be improved by developing strategies, resources and policies to support self-management in collaboration with patients and health-care professionals.

Management And Effective Marketing Interaction: the Study of Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е. Сергиенко ◽  
E. Sergienko ◽  
Н. Кетова ◽  
N. Ketova
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Business Structure

The article discusses the current problems of personnel management and business efficiency. In modern conditions, a set of problems in this area is rightly considered from the perspective of marketing, which involves a focus on the consumer. So, for the successful work of the business structure is necessary to build long-term partnerships with consumers, and the process of verbal communication is provided directly by the staff of the company. The level of responsibility for the formation of customer loyalty in the process of such interaction is very high. Modern managers need to create effective internal programs that will be aimed at the selection of highly qualified personnel, quality training and involvement of employees in the workflow to achieve higher performance of their professional activities and, as a result — effective business development. The complex of problems in this area is studied in this work.

Women's Participation in Politics: Ukrainian Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 2013 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Skovikov Alexey
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Democratic Transformation ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe international practices takes into account the question of women's participation in the political life of modern Ukraine. The selection of the state was due to the dynamic process of democratic transformation - the separation of powers, the formation of multi-party competition among political actors in the electoral process, the activity women in the various institutions of civil society. The position was claimed on the basis of empirical data range of academic institutions and reputable sociological centers, and also interviews with experts who said that the creation of real conditions for self-realization by women's interest in politics is only possible for long term. The process is controversial and caused by political culture, traditions and interests of the ruling class represented mainly by men.

Evidence for a single mechanism gating perceptual and long-term memory information into working memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Verschooren ◽  
Yoav Kessler ◽  
Tobias Egner
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Gating Mechanism ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Selection Of

An influential view of working memory (WM) holds that its’ contents are controlled by a selective gating mechanism that allows for relevant perceptual information to enter WM when opened, but shields WM contents from interference when closed. In support of this idea, prior studies using the reference-back paradigm have established behavioral costs for opening and closing the gate between perception and WM. WM also frequently requires input from long-term memory (LTM), but it is currently unknown whether a similar gate controls the selection of LTM representations into WM, and how WM gating of perceptual vs. LTM sources of information relate to each other. To address these key theoretical questions, we devised a novel version of the reference-back paradigm, where participants switched between gating perceptual and LTM information into WM. We observed clear evidence for gate opening and closing costs in both cases. Moreover, the pattern of costs associated with gating and source-switching indicated that perceptual and LTM information is gated into WM via a single gate, and rely on a shared source-selection mechanism. These findings extend current models of WM gating to encompass LTM information, and outline a new functional WM architecture.

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