scholarly journals Analysis of prescription and consumption of medicines in children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement-VI) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Ľ. Lehocká ◽  
M. Fulmeková ◽  
L. Masaryková
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
All Diseases ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

Analysis of prescription and consumption of medicines in children and adolescentsIn our study we analysed the prescription and consumption of medicines in children and adolescents. A total of 5200 medical prescriptions realized by a community pharmacy were evaluated. By selection of medical prescriptions prescribed to patients in the age group of up to 18 years of age a study group of 233 prescriptions was made. The group was identified by age and sex of the patients. In the group of prescriptions we analysed the incidence of individual diagnoses and consumption of medicines from different points of view, according to age, sex and rate of individual diagnoses according to the ATC system. Based on our analysis it was concluded, that the most frequent diseases affecting children and adolescents are diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the ear and mastoid process, digestive system and skin diseases. With the exception of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the incidence of all diseases is quite similar in both sexes. In the present, the consumption of prescription medicines used by children and adolescents is still very high mainly in the age group from 7 to 15 years of age.

scholarly journals Изучение увологических и агробиологических показателей сорта винограда Кокур белый на различных подвоях для проведения клоновой селекции

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Nataliya Studennikova ◽  
Zinaida Kotolovets ◽  
Nadezhda Tikhomirova ◽  
Natalia Urdenko
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
Grapevine Variety ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Relative Productivity ◽  
Very High ◽  
Production Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

Представлены результаты работы по изучению влияния филлоксероустойчивых подвоев Берландиери × Рипариа Кобер 5ББ и Берландиери × Рипариа Телеки 4Б (СО4) на агробиологические и увологические показатели крымского технического белоягодного аборигенного сорта винограда Кокур белый в условиях Алуштинской долины (филиал «Алушта» ФГУП «ПАО «Массандра»). Для проведения исследований были выбраны: участок № 361, площадью 4,49 га, на котором произрастают кусты винограда Кокур белый, привитые на подвое Берландиери × Рипариа Кобер 5 ББ (2010 год посадки, схема 3 м ×1,25 м) и участок № 391, площадью 3,06 га, на котором возделываются растения сорта Кокур белый, привитые на подвое Берландиери × Рипариа Телеки 4Б (СО4) - 2011 год посадки, схема 3 м × 1 м). На обоих участках система ведения кустов - вертикальная трехпроволочная шпалера, формировка АЗОС-1, высота штамба - 1,3 м. Показана целесообразность проведения работ по улучшению сорта Кокур белый методом клоновой селекции на сортоподвойной комбинации Кокур белый подвой Кобер 5 ББ: у растений отмечен высокий уровень коэффициента плодоношения (0,92), довольно крупные грозди (365 г), урожай с куста в среднем составил 4,74 кг/куст, очень высокая продуктивность побега по сырой массе грозди - 336,6 г/побег, большой процент выхода мякоти и сока - 91,3%. Оценка имеющихся сортоподвойных комбинаций в производственных условиях позволила провести индивидуальный отбор генотипически ценных в биолого-хозяйственном отношении форм растений.The paper reports on the findings of a study on the influence of phylloxera-resistant rootstocks ‘Berlandieri’בRiparia Kober 5BB’ and ‘Berlandieri’בRiparia Teleki 4B (СО4)’ on the agro-biological and uvological indicators of Crimean aboriginal grapevine variety used in winemaking ‘Kokur Beliy in the conditions of Alushta valley (branch of Alushta FGUP PAO Massandra). The following were selected for research: plot № 361 with an area of 4.49 hectares with bushes of ‘Kokur Beliy’ grafted on rootstock of ‘Berlandieri’ × Riparia Kobera 5 BB’ (planting year - 2010, planting scheme 3 m ×1.25 m) and plot № 391 covering 3.06 hectares with ‘Kokur Beliy’ vines grafted on ‘Berlandieri’ × ‘Riparia Teleki 4B (СО4)’ rootstock - planting year - 2011, planting scheme 3 m×1 m). On both plots, the training system used was vertical three-wire trellis, vines shaped as AZOS-1, the trunk height 1.3 m. The paper demonstrates the relevance of the work on improvement of ‘Kokur Beliy’ cultivar with the help of clonal breeding on rootstock cultivar combination ‘Kokur Beliy’ rootstock ‘Kober 5 BB’: the plants demonstrated high relative productivity (0.92), quite large bunches (365 g), yield per bush made on average 4.74 kg/bush, very high shoot productivity as per raw bunch weight 336.6 g/shoot, a large percentage of pulp and juice output - 91.3 %. Assessment of the cultivar-rootstock combinations under production conditions allowed making individual selection of genotypically valuable, from the biological and economic points of view, plants.

scholarly journals Painkillers among people aged 20-30 according to questionnaires

E-methodology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
KATARZYNA CIECIORA ◽  
ROKSANA PAPIERKOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Real Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Know How ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Wide Access ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. Painkillers are one of the most widespread drugs on the pharmaceutical market, individual analgesics belong to the OTC (over-the-counter drug) group, which are also available outside pharmacies. The universality and wide availability of painkillers posea real problem of medication errors. The aim of the study was to examine the attitude of people aged 20-30 to taking painkillers and to examine the level of knowledge of the respondents about them.Method. The study involved 70 people aged 20-30 who voluntarily fi lled in an original electronic questionnaire, which included the attitude of people of this age to taking  medications and questions assessing their knowledge about the medications they take. It included questions about the type of drugs taken, frequency, intensity of pain at which the respondents took analgesics and knowledge about possible adverse effects in the case of long-term use of analgesics or their overdose. The most numerous age group were people aged 20-30, they constituted 55.7% of the respondents. People aged 24-27 accounted for 24.3%, while 20% were people aged 28-30. Most respondents showed that their current place of residence is a city with over 500,000 inhabitants. Most of the respondents had secondary education and it amounted to 51.4%.Results and conclusion. As many as 85.7% of people take painkillers. 35.7% of the respondents take medication once a month, while 34.3% take medication less frequently than once a month. 60.9% of people know the effects of chronic overuse of painkillers, butas many as 39.1% of respondents have a knowledge defi cit in this regard. The study found that 89.9% of people aged 20-30 know how to safely use painkillers, only 10.1% do not know in this regard. Most people in this age group use drugs when the intensity of pain is 4, which means that the most numerous group of people takes drugs when the intensity of pain is very high. This indicates that drugs are not taken without necessity, which results in their chronic non-use, as a result of which the risk of side effectscaused by overuse of painkillers is minimised. The study showed that 35.7% take painkillers once a month and 34.3% less than oncea month. Mostly women take medication once a month, this could possibly be associated with menstrual pain. The survey shows that 60.9% of people know the effects of chronic overuse of painkillers. It follows that most of the respondents know the consequences ofoverusing painkillers, but a large proportion of people in this age group show a defi cit of knowledge about what is dangerous to their health, therefore it is necessary to educate people aged 20-30 years in this regard.Cognitive value. The conducted research shows the attitude of young people toward painkillers. The cognitive value is the selection of a specifi c research group which from an early age, has the possibility to observe easy and wide access to analgesics.

scholarly journals Personality traits as predictors of stress-induced somatic diseases in military academy cadets

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
N. V. Zelenina ◽  
I. V. Fedotkina ◽  
V. V. Yusupov
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Relevance. The need to improve medical and psychological support for cadets of higher military educational institutions in order to reduce disease incidence and subsequent dismissal of military professionals for health reasons. Intention. To identify personality-associated predictors of stress-induced somatic diseases in cadets.Methodology. 433 male cadets aged 21-24 years in their 5-6th year of training were examined. We used the D. Keirsey personality questionnaire and the Giessen personality inventory. Somatic morbidity was analyzed based on the results of annual medical examinations and correlated with the International classification of diseases, injuries and behavioral disorders, 10th revision (ICD-10).Results and Discussion. The growth of somatic morbidity of cadets in the course of training was established. Diseases of the digestive system (K00–K93 according to ICD-10) were most common, their percentage increased from 0 % in the first year to 7.3 % in the 5-6th years of training. Diseases of the circulatory system (I00–I99) and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00–L99) increased up to 2.7 %. Personality characteristics of cadets have been studied. Typological and psychosocial personality characteristics associated with the risk of health disorders in the learning process were identified.Conclusion. Typological and psychosocial personality traits can be predictors of stress-induced somatic diseases in cadets in the course of training. Vulnerability to cardiovascular diseases is closer associated with typological personality traits, to skin diseases – with psychosocial traits, and diseases of the digestive system correlated with both typological and psychosocial personality traits.

Reingold, N. (2017). Literature of English Modernism. History. Problematics. Poetics. A textbook. Moscow: RGGU.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Panova
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Literary Modernism ◽  
Reading List ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
University Curricula ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Selection Of

The review gives a write-up of the edition, its structure, composition and its material. The guidelines for teaching British literary Modernism, methods and concepts offered in the book are subject to a detailed analysis. The critical appraisal of its innovations, its tendency to extend and revise the canonical topics and the reading list, offer new points of view and unordinary approaches (in contrast with typical university curricula) is followed by critical remarks targeted at its weak points – poor reasoning and certain groundless pronouncements one sometimes comes across, principles that underlie the selection of material in particular chapters and paragraphs, correctness of style and conformity with the conventions of academic discourse. It is also emphasized that the book in question is a fascinating and enriching reading that will be duly appreciated by the students as well as colleagues and all readers interested in the British literary Modernism.

Der Sommer und Herbst 2003 aus phänologischer Sicht | Summer and autumn 2003 from a phenological point of view

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Defila
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
New Record ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Leaf Shedding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

The record-breaking heatwave of 2003 also had an impact on the vegetation in Switzerland. To examine its influences seven phenological late spring and summer phases were evaluated together with six phases in the autumn from a selection of stations. 30% of the 122 chosen phenological time series in late spring and summer phases set a new record (earliest arrival). The proportion of very early arrivals is very high and the mean deviation from the norm is between 10 and 20 days. The situation was less extreme in autumn, where 20% of the 103 time series chosen set a new record. The majority of the phenological arrivals were found in the class «normal» but the class«very early» is still well represented. The mean precocity lies between five and twenty days. As far as the leaf shedding of the beech is concerned, there was even a slight delay of around six days. The evaluation serves to show that the heatwave of 2003 strongly influenced the phenological events of summer and spring.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

scholarly journals Exercise Intensity during Olympic-Distance Triathlon in Well-Trained Age-Group Athletes: An Observational Study

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Atsushi Aoyagi ◽  
Keisuke Ishikura ◽  
Yoshiharu Nabekura
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Slow Group ◽  
H 41 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Very High

The aim of this study was to examine the exercise intensity during the swimming, cycling, and running legs of nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlons in well-trained, age-group triathletes. Seventeen male triathletes completed incremental swimming, cycling, and running tests to exhaustion. Heart rate (HR) and workload corresponding to aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, maximal workloads, and maximal HR (HRmax) in each exercise mode were analyzed. HR and workload were monitored throughout the race. The intensity distributions in three HR zones for each discipline and five workload zones in cycling and running were quantified. The subjects were then assigned to a fast or slow group based on the total race time (range, 2 h 07 min–2 h 41 min). The mean percentages of HRmax in the swimming, cycling, and running legs were 89.8% ± 3.7%, 91.1% ± 4.4%, and 90.7% ± 5.1%, respectively, for all participants. The mean percentage of HRmax and intensity distributions during the swimming and cycling legs were similar between groups. In the running leg, the faster group spent relatively more time above HR at anaerobic threshold (AnT) and between workload at AnT and maximal workload. In conclusion, well-trained male triathletes performed at very high intensity throughout a nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlon race, and sustaining higher intensity during running might play a role in the success of these athletes.

scholarly journals POS1309 PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF UNDERWEIGHT, OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JIA): EVIDENCE FROM THE NATIONAL PAEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGIC DATABASE (NPRD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 936.2-937
Author(s):  
F. Milatz ◽  
J. Klotsche ◽  
M. Niewerth ◽  
J. Hörstermann ◽  
D. Windschall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Obesity In Children

Background:In patients with JIA, growth impairment and variance in body composition are well-known long-term complications that may be associated with prolonged drug therapy (e.g. glucocorticoids) as well as impaired physical and psychosocial well-being. An increased accumulation of body fat represents a significant risk factor for metabolic abnormalities and a modifiable variable for a number of comorbidities. Recently, evidence has emerged in favour of the potential negative influence of overweight on the course of the disease and treatment response [1].Objectives:The study aimed a) to estimate the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with JIA compared to the general population, and b) to investigate correlates of patients’ weight status.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis of physicians’ recorded body weights and heights of patients with JIA enrolled in the NPRD in the year 2019 was performed. Underweight (BMI <10th), overweight (BMI >90th) and obesity (BMI >97th) were defined according to age- and sex-specific percentiles used in the German reference system. For comparison with data from the general population [2], sex- and age-matched pairs of 3-17-year-old patients and controls were generated. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between weight status and patients’ clinical and self-reported outcomes.Results:In total, data from 6.515 children and adolescents with JIA (age 11.2 ± 4.1 years, disease duration 4.9 ± 3.8 years, 67% girls, 40% persistent oligoarthritis) were included. Of these, 3.334 (age 5.9 ± 2.1 years, 52.5% girls) could be considered for matched-pair analysis. Compared with the general population, patients underweight, overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% (vs. 8.1%), 8.8% (vs. 8.5%) and 6.1% (vs. 5.7%), respectively. No significant sex differences were found in either group. Largest difference in prevalence was registered for underweight, specifically in the age group 3-6 years (12.9% patients vs. 5.9% controls). Similar to the general population, higher rates of overweight were observed in adolescent patients than in affected children (19.1% age group 11-13 vs. 8.4% age group 3-6). While the highest underweight prevalence was registered in patients with RF+ polyarthritis (16%), patients with Enthesitis-related arthritis (22%), psoriatic arthritis (21%) and systemic JIA (20%) showed the highest overweight rates (including obesity). Younger age (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.83), more frequent physical activity (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-0.99) and high parental vocational education (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.18-0.80) were independently associated with a lower likelihood of being overweight/obese.Conclusion:The overall prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with JIA is comparable to that found in the general population. Behavioural health promotion, including regular physical activity, as part of the treatment strategy in JIA should preventively already begin at preschool age and necessarily be made accessible to patients of all educational levels.References:[1]Giani T et al. The influence of overweight and obesity on treatment response in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2019;10:637.[2]Schienkiewitz A et al. BMI among children and adolescents: prevalences and distribution considering underweight and extreme obesity. Bundesgesundheitsbl 2019;62:1225–1234.Acknowledgements:The National Paediatric Rheumatological Database has been funded by AbbVie, Chugai, Novartis and GSK.Disclosure of Interests:Florian Milatz: None declared, Jens Klotsche: None declared, Martina Niewerth: None declared, Jana Hörstermann: None declared, Daniel Windschall: None declared, Frank Weller-Heinemann Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, SOBI, Roche and Novartis., Frank Dressler: None declared, Rainer Berendes: None declared, Johannes-Peter Haas: None declared, Gerd Horneff: None declared, Kirsten Minden Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, Consultant of: Novartis

scholarly journals Nutritional factors associated with femoral neck bone mineral density in children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Hau Gou ◽  
Feng-Jen Tseng ◽  
Sheng-Hao Wang ◽  
Pao-Ju Chen ◽  
Jia-Fwu Shyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Daily Total

Abstract Background Nutritional factors including vitamin D, magnesium, and fat are known to affect bone mineral accrual. This study aimed to evaluate associations between dietary nutrient intakes (both macronutrients and micronutrients) and bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. Methods Data for this cross-sectional, population-based study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants aged from 8 to 19 years were included. The primary outcome was femoral neck BMD. Results Multivariate analyses revealed that for participants aged 8 to 11, daily sodium intake was significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD (B = 0.9 ×  10− 5, p = 0.031); in particular, subgroup analyses by sex found that in male participants aged 8–11, daily total cholesterol intake (B = 5.3 × 10− 5, p = 0.030) and calcium intake (B = − 2.0 × 10− 5, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with femoral neck BMD in a positive and negative manner, respectively, but neither were observed in female participants of this age group. In contrast, daily intakes of vitamin D and magnesium were significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD in female participants aged 8–11 (B = 246.8 × 10− 5 and 16.3 × 10− 5, p = 0.017 and 0.033, respectively). For participants aged 16 to 19, daily total fat intake was significantly and negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (B = − 58 × 10− 5, p = 0.048); further stratification by sex found that magnesium and sodium intakes were significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD only in females of this age group (B = 26.9 × 10− 5 and 2.1 × 10− 5, respectively; both p < 0.05). However, no significant associations between daily nutrient intakes and femoral neck BMD were identified in participants aged 12–15 before or after subgroup stratification. Conclusion The study found that associations of specific nutrition-related variables with BMD of the femoral neck is dependent upon age and gender.

scholarly journals Influence of Patient Age on Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Invasive Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Inostroza ◽  
Ana Maria Vinet ◽  
Gloria Retamal ◽  
Pedro Lorca ◽  
Gonzalo Ossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sterile Site ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT All clinical S. pneumoniae specimens isolated from patients with invasive or sterile-site infections admitted to one regional general hospital in southern Chile were collected during a 5-year period (February 1994 to September 1999). A total of 247 strains belonging to 50 serotypes were isolated in this survey: 69 in patients under 5 years of age, 129 in patients 5 to 64 years old, and 49 from patients 65 years and older. Eight serotypes were identified in all age groups, while all other serotypes were found exclusively in one age group or in patients over 4 years of age. Serotype 3 was never found in patients under 5 years old, and serotype 14 was not found in patients >64 years of age. There was no difference in the serotypes causing infection in each one of the 5 years of the survey. Our results suggest that both bacterial virulence factors and host factors play an important role in the selection of S. pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive infection. Possible host factors include age-related differences in the immune response. Comparative studies with other areas of the world may help to further understanding of our observations in southern Chile.

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