scholarly journals Impact of the Demographic Policy on Birth Rates in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-511
Author(s):  
Asiya F. Validova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
The State ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Demographic Policy

Introduction. The solution to the problem of ensuring demographic growth is one of the most pressing issues of the state policy. In 2007, Russia’s demographic policy was supplemented by new measures to stimulate the birth rate. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effectiveness of the demographic policy programs aimed at supporting families and natality using the case studies of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan. Materials and Methods. To identify the impact of measures to stimulate the birth rate, the method of regression analysis was used; time series based on age-specific birth rates for each age group were presented. Results. The data obtained showed that the steady trend of increasing the total fertility rate in Russia and Tatarstan since 2007 was almost completely related to the meas- ures under consideration, whereas the number of births was affected by many other factors. According to the results of the study, the impact of measures to increase the birth rate in the Republic of Tatarstan is slightly higher than in Russia as a whole. Discussion and Conclusions. State support measures reduce the costs associated with the birth of a child and can encourage women to have children, which con- firms the hypothesis of the positive impact of the state fertility policy. For a more accurate assessment of the effectiveness of the demographic policy measures, it is advisable to take into account the changing social and economic conditions of life in a region, as well as the consequences of the earlier or present-day demographic policy measures. The results of the study are of practical importance and may be used in the development of demographic policies in the country and in the region.

scholarly journals International Migration as a Factor of Social and Economic Development of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
I. I. Glebkova ◽  
T. A. Dolbik-Vorobey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
External Migration ◽  
Demographic Policy

Purpose of research. The article examines the human potential of the Russian Federation in the context of the established second wave of the demographic crisis. The article analyzes the state of the number, composition and structure of the population of the Russian Federation during the first (1992–2012) and second demographic crisis (2016 and up to the present), taking into account the factors of population reproduction (birth rate and mortality) and migration inflows to the country. Factors and causes of external migration with the CIS countries are identified, as they have been and remain the main donors for replenishing the population of the Russian Federation. On the basis of analytical indicators of dynamics and methods of statistical relationships, an assessment of external migration growth and its impact on the country's economy is carried out. Special attention is paid to measures taken at the state level to stabilize and improve migration problems.Materials and methods. The information base of the study is statistical data and analytical information on external migration flows, based on statistical surveys conducted in the country. The methodological basis of the research is represented by statistical methods of information analysis: comparative analysis, structural and dynamic analysis, analysis of the interrelationships of migration and economic indicators.Results. The article analyzes in detail the results of current events in the country during periods of demographic decline and population growth since 1992. Due to the demographic policy implemented in the country, as well as the peculiarities of the age and gender structure of the population, it is proved that the main component for population growth is still the migration inflow. Special attention is paid to external labor migration in recent years. The impact of migration growth on economic indicators (unemployment rate, real wages, index of physical volume of GDP) and the development of the economy as a whole are estimated. Also, on the scale of the State National Policy Strategy being implemented until 2025, state measures to stabilize and improve the situation in the field of migration policy are presented and analyzed.Conclusion. Due to the fact that migration policy is a defining component of demographic policy, which is currently one of the priorities of the state's development, it is advisable to regularly study external migration as one of the most important sources of replenishment of human capital and hence the development of the country's economy. Therefore, the government of the Russian Federation should pay special attention to measures to attract foreign highly qualified labor force in active working age; providing foreign students who have successfully completed their studies and defended their diplomas in Russian universities with the opportunity to find a job in our country in order to obtain Russian citizenship and create a family in Russia. As well as carrying out regular monitoring studies on adaptation of foreign citizens, taking into account regional peculiarities of development of economy of our country, because today in the conditions of demographic decline of the Russian population it is one of the main sources of economic development on the geopolitical level, as labor potential – a basis for national economic growth.

scholarly journals Demographic Threats to National Security in the Political Discourse of the Russian Federation (1992–2019)

2021 ◽  
pp. 255-272
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vasilieva ◽  
◽  
Tamara Rostovskaya ◽  
Ebulfez Süleymanlý ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Bric Countries ◽  
Political Management ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Demographic Policy

Introduction. Population growth in the world is uneven: while in some countries the population has been growing for a long time (China, India), in Russia and in many EU and BRIC countries, the birth rate has been declining in recent years; and if this does not affect the population, then only by increasing life expectancy and migration. Abrupt changes – both growth and decline – in the population are a threat to the national security of the state. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of political management (strategies and tools) aimed at solving demographic problems and increasing the birth rate in the Russian Federation, as well as to identify the stages of the formation of demographic policy in the Russian Federation in 1992–2019. Methods and materials. Based on the qualitative analysis of normative documents, the frame analysis of speeches of political leaders the main factors that influenced the coverage of demographic problems are revealed (the authors used official electronic versions of the following publications: “Sobranie Zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii” (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation) and “Byulleten normativnykh aktov federalnykh organov ispolnitelnoy vlasti” (Bulletin of Normative Acts of Federal Executive Authorities). Analysis. The proposed research strategy allowed identifying demographic threats to national security articulated by political actors and presented in official documents, statements of officials, as well as to compare the political decisions taken in the Russian Federation with the decisions taken in some European countries. Strategic documents that ensure national security of the Russian Federation by including the demographic agenda in political discourse are considered as a tool of political management. Results. The article assesses the effectiveness of political management in solving demographic problems and increasing the birth rate in the Russian Federation, identifies the stages of the formation of demographic policy in the Russian Federation in 1992–2019, as well as the features of the articulation of demographic problems in the political discourse of Russia, and describes demographic threats. The analysis of the regulatory framework as a tool for political management, demographic threats prevention, as well as the basis of the state strategy for increasing the birth rate in the Russian Federation allowed identifying policy decisions that can be used to develop new measures within the framework of programs to increase the birth rate in the Russian Federation.

Dynamic monitoring of changes in medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from 1998 to 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

We studied the medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the last 20 years (1998–2018). A decrease in the population by 4,7 % (р<0,01) was revealed in the Russian Federation in the period 1998–2008, 3,4 % decrease, followed by its growth by 2,8 % (р<0,01); a decrease in the number of rural population in the republic and an increase in the urban population were observed. By the beginning of 2019, in comparison with the 2003 data, an increase in the population by 1.9% (р<0,01), a decrease in the number of able-bodied people in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the beginning of 2019, as compared to 1998, were revealed, by 8,2 %, in the Russian Federation – by 4,7 % (р<0,01). In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the birth rate remains high, the mortality rate is relatively low, and the natural population growth is maintained.

Budgetary Regulation in the Context of Preventing the Consequences of the Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection in the Russian Federation

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
R. V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget System

The paper is devoted to the examination of issues related to the increasing importance of budgetary regulation for the proper functioning of a modern innovative society. The key role of the budgetary regulation in the financial process of the State is particularly acute in the context of systemic crises that include socio-economic consequences caused by the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Russia. In the course of the study, the features of changes in the state financial policy caused by the above-mentioned crisis phenomena are highlighted. The paper describes various approaches to the interpretation of the budgetary regulation as a category of financial law, explores various types and legal forms of methods of the budgetary regulation, analyses mechanisms and the impact of the State on the budget system through the existing legal structure of the budgetary regulation. It is determined that the rules of financial law governing the whole complex of public relations concerning the distribution and redistribution of the national product between the levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation constitute the institution of financial law, namely: the budgetary regulation. The author concludes that the approach based on the concentration of basic powers in the financial field at the federal level significantly slows down the dynamics of development of economic activity in the majority of regions of Russia, while the need for breakthrough innovative development of Russian society determinates the expansion of long-term tax sources of income for regional budgets. In this regard, it is proposed to consolidate additional regulation for revenues gained by regional and local budgets in the form of targeted deductions from federal taxes on a long-term basis.

scholarly journals Товарная интервенция – механизм защиты сельскохозяйственных товаропроизводителей и обеспечение продовольственной безопасности региона

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Александр Пахомов ◽  
Василий Дарбасов ◽  
Михаил Охлопков ◽  
Екатерина Федорова ◽  
Михаил Соломонов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Federal Center

Статья написана в связи с выходом в 2018 г. последней редакции постановления Правительства Российской Федерации «О государственных закупочных интервенциях сельско-хозяйственной продукции». Целью исследования является обоснование продвижения государственного регулирования рынка местной сельскохозяйственной продукции в виде закупочных интервенций в регионах. Проведен анализ существующих зарубежных и отечественных государственных закупочных интервенций, дано обоснование закупочных интервенций в регионе, а также выработаны предложения по продвижению закупочных интервенций с федерального центра в регионы. This article was written in connection with a September 2018 release of the latest edition of a Regulation of the Russian Fed-eration Government on government purchasing interventions of agricultural products. An aim of the authors of the article is substantiation of promotion of the state regulation of a market of the local agricultural products in the form of the purchasing interventions in regions. The authors analyzed the existing for-eign and domestic government purchasing interventions, comments on the latest version of the Regulation of the Russian Federation Government on the govern-ment purchasing interventions, the substantiation of the purchasing interventions in the region and de-velopment of proposals to promote the purchasing interventions from the federal center to the regions. Relevance of the promotion of the purchasing interventions from the federal center to the regions fol-lows from Russian particularity: remoteness of the regions from the center, weak regional transport infrastructure, necessity to replicate a federal technology of the state regulation of the agricultural product market in the regions of the Russian Federation. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), repeated attempts were made to create compensation funds of the regulation of agricultural product prices. However, in the region there is no full-fledged intervention fund effectively influencing sales of the agri-cultural products. Consequently, in conditions of the Republic, where a shortage of the agricultural products, raw materials and food is acute, implementation of the commodity intervention is the neces-sary condition for the regulation of the agricultural market. For the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in our opinion, it is advisable to carry out the commodity interventions concerning beef, meat of young horses, venison, fish, dairy products, game, fruits of wild plants and even for rough and succulent fodder for livestock. The latter are relevant due to droughts and floods that regularly occur in a area of the region. Manufacturing costs of the local products will always be higher than the ones of imported food, given the harsh natural and climatic conditions, the remoteness of agricultural commodity producers from the sale markets in the conditions of absence of the transport infrastructure. In this regard, the prices of the local products should be regulated by the state in order to support the local producers. Obviously, the government regulation should not replace market functions or impede operation of its laws. Its main task is to mitigate undesirable consequences of manifestations of market power. One of the main regula-tory methods is the commodity intervention.

scholarly journals Study of actual nutrition in modern student youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Елена Юрьевна Горбаткова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The State ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

One of the most important factors affecting the health of modern youth is nutrition. Taking into account the timeliness of this problem, a research aimed at improving the quality of nutrition for students of higher education institutions of various fields of study (Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan) was executed. A software directed at studying the nutritional composition of the diet of students was developed, registered and tested. The development and implementation of the program were carried out taking into account regional features of nutrition of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The food ration of university students of various fields of study was also evaluated according to food groups. The insufficiency of the daily ration based on a number of indics was revealed (according to nutritional composition and food products. The nutritional status of students according to the level of insufficiency of daily intake of nutrients in order to identify the degree of risk of abnormalities in the state of health development was evaluated also. According to the document of the Government of the Russian Federation “Fundamentals of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of healthy nutrition of the population for the period until 2020”, implementation the development of a set of measures aimed at reducing the prevalence of diseases associated with nutrition is one of the main directions of the state policy in the field of healthy nutrition. In this regard, a conceptual medical-pedagogical model aimed at forming a system of values in relation to healthy lifestyle among students was developed. Currently, there was executed an evaluation of the effectiveness of this model in the educational process of the M. Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University. There was also been studied content of macro- and microelements in the venous blood of the students based on the changes in the quality of nutrition. There was also conducted analysis of hygienic conditions of students’ educational environment of leading universities in Ufa (the Republic of Bashkortostan).

New coronavirus infection as an occupational disease: complex expert cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 720-725
Author(s):  
Railya V. Garipova ◽  
Leonid A. Strizhakov ◽  
Yuri Yu. Gorblyansky ◽  
Sergey A. Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The professional activity of medical workers (MW) is in close contact with daily contact with various factors of the production environment: physical, chemical, biological, and labor processes. Until 2020, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis prevailed in the structure of occupational diseases (OD) of the medical workers in the Russian Federation. According to the State report "On the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in the Russian Federation in 2020," the first ranking the second place in the structure of occupational diseases, depending on the impact of harmful production factor took the illnesses associated with the action of biological factors - 20,19%, while the main reason for the growth in the incidence of healthcare workers in coronavirus infection COVID-19 (further COVID-19). The study aims were to identify problematic aspects in the establishment of the COVID-19 work from MW. Materials and methods. We have given descriptions of clinical cases, as well as a retrospective analysis of issues of OD according to the patient registers of the following medical institutions: the Center of Occupational Pathology of Sechenov University, the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology of the Ministry of Health, Republic of Tatarstan, the Regional Center of Occupational Pathology of the Samara Region. Results. In 2020, COVID-19 was the most common OD with fatal outcomes and complications in healthcare workers. Today, difficulties in determining the connection of COVID-19 with the profession arise when assessing the epidemiological history, the consequences after a coronavirus infection, and the formulation of the diagnosis. Conclusions. For a qualitative examination of the connection of COVID-19 with the profession, it is necessary to develop a list of clinical conditions with the definition of the timing of complications.

Monitoring the State of Inclusive Higher Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Татьяна Ярая ◽  
Tatyana Yaraya ◽  
Леся Рокотянская ◽  
Lesya Rokotyanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The results of monitoring the state of inclusive education in educational organizations of higher education of the Republic of Adygea, Astrakhan region, Volgograd region, the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol are presented in the article. The information was collected by fi lling out evaluation maps of the accessibility of higher education educational institutions and analyzing the offi cial websites of educational institutions of higher education. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of the requirements put forward to educational institutions of higher education by normative legal documents in the part of inclusive education, approved by the orders of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Cultural policy and social practice in the regions of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Komissarov ◽  
Vladimir M. Soldatov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components

The article analyzes the practical experience of the participation of the authors of the article in the development and implementation of the republican program for the implementation of the state cultural policy in the Republic of Dagestan. In terms of methodology, the analysis is based on the concept of regional cultural policy previously developed for this program in this subject of the Russian Federation (RF). It takes into account the most important provisions of the approved presidential "Fundamentals of the State Cultural Policy" in 2014, the government "Strategies of the State Cultural Policy for the period until 2030" in 2016, as well as other documents of strategic planning and programming of culture in the Russian Federation. The study showed that these documents require a significant update of the main components of cultural development programs in the regions of the Russian Federation. In this connection, the greatest attention is paid to the authors of the new goals and objectives of the state cultural policy in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as indicators (indicators) of evaluating the effectiveness of implementing regional programs in general, the effectiveness of achieving goals and solving problems in its main areas (sub-programs), in particular.

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