scholarly journals Current State and Prospects of Development of Municipal Self-Government in Big Cities

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Rostislav F. Turovsky ◽  
Oksana S. Vaselenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Current State ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
The City

Introduction. The article is devoted to the issue of identifying the general and specific features of arrangement of local self-government in big cities. This issue is relevant both for the theoretical understanding of the activities of local authorities in city districts, and for improving the system of local self-government in megalopolises. Materials and Methods. The study used publicly accessible information and scientific literature on countries and cities with the most pronounced models and approaches to the arrangement of local self-government. The authors adopted the comparative method of research and analyzed the regulatory framework of the selected countries and cities in terms of the arrangement of local self-government as well as the administrative and territorial division. Results. A number of foreign models of municipal self-government in large cities have been considered. The analysis of the selected cases (including those of major cities in Europe, America and Asia) has demonstrated the similarity of certain tendencies inherent in both Russian and foreign megalopolises. A trend has been revealed towards the centralization of powers at the city level of administration as a result of the delegation or alienation of resources from the district municipalities. Discussion and Conclusion. The foreign experience of arrangement of local self-government in the territories within cities demonstrates that the determining factor for the models of municipal self-government in megalopolises is the balance between the representation of intracity municipalities at the city level and their autonomy, and not the influence of the legal system or political regime. The results of the research can be used when studying the political subjectivity of city districts. Further research will help develop a conceptual framework for the political analysis of the district-level municipalities.

History of the Word "Democracy" in Canada and Québec: A Political Analysis of Rhetorical Strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Dupuis-Déri
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Founding Fathers ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Masses

An examination of the speeches of modern Canada’s “founding fathers” reveals that they were openly antidemocratic. How did a regime founded on anti-democratic ideas come to be positively identified with democracy? Drawing on similar studies of the United States and France, this analysis of the history of the term democracy in Canada shows that the country’s association with democracy was not due to constitutional or institutional changes that might have justified re-labelling the country’s political regime. Rather, it was the result of discursive strategies employed by the political elite to strengthen its ability to mobilize the masses during the World Wars.

scholarly journals Parading in public: patrician women and sumptuary law in Renaissance Siena

Urban History ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIPPA JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Renaissance Italy ◽  
The City ◽  
New Social Order

ABSTRACT:In Renaissance Italy clothing, particularly of women, was strictly regulated; individuals were regularly denounced when walking through the city. Modesty was a virtue in a republican state and dress played a major part in urban identity, reflecting social values and those of the political regime. Sumptuary laws were a major mode of control, particularly of patrician women, whose dress reflected both their own and their family's wealth and status. Despite increased availability of luxurious fabrics encouraged by urban policies, legislation was used to prohibit new forms of dress and raise money for state coffers. At the end of the fifteenth century Pandolfo Petrucci (1452–1512) took control of Siena. The inner elite of his regime, particularly its female members, were given exemptions from the strict legislation and were able to flaunt their elevated status and the new social order.

scholarly journals Geoecological approach to the design of recreational areas in large cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 06012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Matveevskaya ◽  
Victoria Pogodina ◽  
Marina Ermolina
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
The City

Life in big cities exacerbates a person's desire to be more often in the bosom of nature, enjoy the peace and beauty of landscapes. The administration of megacities is concerned about the problems of preserving the natural environment and creating within the city limits a network of recreational areas where recreational activities can be organized. In each region, this type of recreation is organized in accordance with the laws adopted in the state. According to geoecologists, the share of recreational areas should be at least 15% of the total area of the city. So for example the total area of such territories in St. Petersburg is only 6 004.4 hectares (which is 4.17% of the total area of the city). Comparison of the urban map of landscapes and located areas for recreation within the city allows concluding about the unequal representation of each landscape. This should be taken into account when designing new protected areas within the city. In the research, an attempt to generalize the theoretical material in the field of environmental and recreational resource studies is done. Also, a detailed description of recreational opportunities for the rational use of individual components of the city's natural environment is presented. The authors conducted a geoecological analysis of the allocation of recreational areas in large cities. Features of nature that should be taken into account when designing recreational areas in large cities, on an example of St. Petersburg, are noted.

Some Correlates of Regime Support in Canada

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Kornberg ◽  
Harold D. Clarke ◽  
Lawrence Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Matters Of Concern ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
Regime Support ◽  
The Impact

This paper is concerned with the distribution and foundations of public support for the political regime in Canada. Support for the regime historically has been a matter of concern to Canadian elites. The recent provincial electoral victory of the Parti Québécois, a party dedicated to making Quebec an independent nation, has made regime support and maintenance matters of concern to average citizens as well. The analyses that follow are based upon data gathered in a nation-wide survey of the Canadian electorate in 1974. We focus on the following areas: the extent to which socio-demographic and attitudinal variables conventionally employed in studies of political behavior are related to levels of regime support; the relationships between the direction and strength of partisanship and support for the political regime; the relationships between attitudes toward key political institutions and political actors and the level of regime support; and finally, the effects of major structural and cultural factors (i.e. federalism and regionalism) on support for the regime. From the perspective of comparative political analysis, research in these areas allows us an opportunity to comment on and expand the base of the existing empirical research on regime support. From the more particular perspective of Canadian politics, our analysis may help to clarify the impact on regime support of ethnicity, regionalism, federalism and a British-model parliamentary system.

scholarly journals Bunda

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-57
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Garcia Boscatti
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
National Body ◽  
New Models ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City ◽  
Regulatory Models

This research aims to understand the process that led to the consecration of the butt as a cultural product at a time when the mass culture in Brazil was expanding and the military-corporate dictatorship consolidated the political regime of heterosexuality. The transformations in the visibility status of the city of Rio de Janeiro, which followed the strengthening of mass tourism, allowed that the female body incarnated in a carioca incorporated new models of Brazilianness. In this context, the butt emerged as a possible sign as well as an agent of history, since it mediated an economy of gender, race, class, and sexuality that circulated through consumption. This visual economy favored new biopolitical models that negotiated the evolution of national “nature” through the perfect body. In this sense, this article seeks to map out regulatory models and to expose the structures of power and knowledge that sought to produce regimes of truth about the national body. Supported by elements of mass culture (goods, images, services, etc.) this work investigates the ways through which the butt was co-opted by power as a part of Brazilian visual culture, supporting the global commercialization of Brazilian bioesthetics.

scholarly journals The current state of the nationalization of the party systems in the Slovak Republic and Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Shelemba ◽  
◽  
Marta Shelemba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Party System ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Entry Barrier ◽  
Political Force ◽  
Current State ◽  
Political Forces

The paper assesses the current state of the nationalization of the party systems in the Slovak Republic and Ukraine based on the results of the latest parliamentary elections. By using formalized methods, the authors of the paper analyzed the composition of the party systems at the empirical level. The results of the conducted research show that the party landscape of the Ukrainian Parliament has changed in the direction of electoral preferences in favour of new participants of the political process. The analysis with the use of the Nagayama triangle showed that the electoral advantage of one political party was provided in most of the regions of Ukraine (the political party «Servant of the People»). Under the M. Jones’ and S. Mainwaring’s technique, a high level of the party system nationalization (0.70) was established while conducting the research. According to the methodology by G. Golosov, a Russian scientist, the nationalization index in 2019 was equal to 0.56. It was proved that the factors of presidentialism, socio-political delimitations of the political regime, forms of government, the entry barrier, and regionalization have impacted nationalization of the party system. Six political parties entered the Slovak Parliament. With the opposition center-right conservative political force «Ordinary People and Independent Individuals» being the leader of this election campaign. Parliament’s The assessment of the Slovak Parliament with the use of the Nagayama triangle shows that in most parts of Slovakia, no political force has been formed as a result of the elections, which would dominate the level of voters support and that competition provides a minimum gap between the two political forces. The analysis indicated that the nationalization of the party system of the Slovak Republic is 0.89 (the high value) according to the Jones and Mainwaring method and 0.67 (the above-average value) with regard to the Golosov method, being a higher value compared to a relatively similar indicator for Ukraine. It should be emphasized that the main factors impacting the actual state of the studied indicator were the entry barrier and the political regime in the country. The predominance in the level of nationalization of the party system of Slovakia, if compared with the relevant indicator in Ukraine is due to the fact that all political forces that entered the National Council of the Slovak Republic are stable and participate in electoral cycles.

scholarly journals Optimize the noise factor of traffic flow in Lviv

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Kalyn ◽  
M. I. Shelevij
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Harmful Effects

The article provides an overview of the current state study of one of the most pressing environmental problems of large cities – the problem of noise pollution. Due to the increasing number of cars, industrial machines and mechanisms to date, over 60% of people living in cities, daily exposed to excessive noise. The aim is to study the problem of noise pollution urboecosystem of Lviv and finding effective methods to combat with noise. Identified sources, the main characteristics and ways of dealing with the harmful effects of noise pollution. Established magnitude of noise burden on certain streets and filed a comprehensive assessment of the acoustic load of the city. A performance experiments noise which generated of motor vehicles when driving on different stretches of road near two intersections – st. Franko – Green and Levitsky – Tershakovciv. Near the street. Franko during bilateral traffic and trams bilateral traffic noise performance of road transport accounted 75,7dBA +/– 3.2. By reducing the transport speed to 6–10 km/h performance noise constituted 70,4dBA +/– 2.5. Indicators of noise on the Levitsky street during a stop to road transport and traffic lights at the beginning of the movement consisted 66,8dBA +/– 2.9 and 2.6 +/– 69,8dBA. Indicators of noise on the Tershakovciv street respectively amounted to 63.8 +/– 3.2 dBA and 65.2 +/– 3.3 dBA. Today, the simplest and most common methods of noise control is the discharge of roads, planting green space and installing anti–noise screens.

Moments of the Future’: Imagining the City and Monuments of Pyongyang in 2050

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Jelena Mandić
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban Futures ◽  
Scenario Technique ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City

The possibility of reconciliation between the two Koreas and a potential change of the political regime in North Korea raises the question of the urban futures of North Korean cities, which at the moment serve as a stage for power consolidation through the monumental propaganda of the present regime. This paper examines an urban design project that imagines urban future of Pyongyang in 2050 and its colossal socialist era monuments after an assumed unification. Instead of erasing the socialist past of the city by removing the existing monuments (which was the practice in other socialist countries), this project proposes adding new layers of monuments that would represent and commemorate the new political and economic realities of ‘unification,’ and at the same time preserve the identity and legibility of the city. This alternative strategy was made possible by combining design thinking with the scenario technique utilized in Future Studies. Within the framework of the established scenario and politico-economic circumstances it compels, the method of writing History of the future was developed as a tool for envisioning an urban reality of 2050 Pyongyang, from which the Grid of Moments project would arise. The resulting project, conceived within the fictional story, allows historical and future ideologies, represented by the historical and new monuments, to coexist in Pyongyang through concurrent and respective acknowledgement. In this way, the role of architecture is shifted from serving the political regime towards acting as a social critique, as well as inducing a social transformation. These thought strategies were enabled by approaching design through scenario and storytelling method developed within it, as it left space for more imagination and creativity, and introduced a degree of objectivity to the design process by allowing different ideologies to be considered.

scholarly journals Applicability of Herbert Blumer's Symbolic Interactionism to Political Analysis of Internet Communications

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Sergey Fedorchenko ◽  
Larisa Fedorchenko ◽  
E. Karlyavina
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
Analytical Tools

The aim of the article is to study the model of symbolic interactionism by the American sociologist Herbert Blumer and to identify the analytical elements that are most applicable to the political analysis of internet communications. The authors used the hermeneutic approach, including the identification of central premises in Blumer's model as well as an additional interpretation of such premises. Quantitative content analysis was used as an auxiliary methodological optics. The analysis demonstrated that the analytical tools of symbolic interactionism from the Chicago School (definitive and sensitizing concepts, exploration and inspection, etc.) can be effectively tailored and used for current research of internet communications in applied political science. The authors conclude that identifying the transaction process is the most important result of applying Blumer’s symbolic interactionism model to a study of social media communities by a political scientist. It is demonstrated that the conditions of social media require investigating the mechanism of behavior adaptation by each individual to the behavior of others. This gives an insight into the mechanism by which social life and the political regime are streamlined and stabilized.

scholarly journals Features and Functions of the Public Holiday

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Tetiana Haievska
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Public Holidays

This paper defines the need to study public holidays not only as elements of tradition and cultural memory, but also as one of the most effective tools of public policy. Thereby, it is important to analyze the features of discourses, symbols, narratives, rituals and other elements of public holidays that are used in the political struggle for power and its retention. There are not many publications researching specifically the subject of this study. However, there are a number of works highlighting certain aspects of the problem posed. This allows relying on already accumulated experience when studying the practical aspects of using holidays in the context of modern realities. A traditional text analysis being the main method in the study, allows to assess the cultural, historical and political context, to show the basic rituals, ceremonies, narratives, meanings and symbols circulating in public space. The study also uses the comparative method, which allows to study the similarities and differences in interpretations and forms of celebration in other countries. Thus, holidays in public policy are determined by functions which include legitimizing of the political regime, forming and maintaining national identity, educating and socializing, communicating, and planning for the future of the country. The study defines the functions of state holidays emerging as an instrument of politics, ideas and meanings of public holidays, which can compete with official ones.

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