scholarly journals Estimación de parámetros genéticos y de respuestas a la selección en la población de arroz irrigado CNA 1.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Ramón Eduardo Servellón
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Harvest Year

The experiments took place in the harvest year of 1993/1994 under rainfed lowland conditions, at the Experimental Field in Hacienda Palmital of the EMPRAPA-CNPAF, in Goianira, Brasil. We evaluated 97 families S 2:0 originally from the CNA 1 population, using as checks the cultivars BR IRGA 409 and JAVAE, and the population CNA 1/0/1. The experimental design utilized was a 10 x 10 lattice, with an utilization lot area of 0.60 m2. The objective was to evaluate the potentials of the CNA 1 population with the goal of improvement through the estima-tion of its genetic parameters and its direct and indirect responses to selection, as well as determining the classic Smith(1936) and Hazel (1943) indexes. The traits considered in the evaluation were the following: grain yield, leaf blast, date of flowering, plant height, spikelet number per panicle, percentage of filled grain and dry weight of 100 seeds. The results indicated the trait percentage of filled grains was the main priority for yield and the traits of production, leaf blast, plant height, spikelet number per panicle and percentage of filled grains showed a high genetic variability in the population, this was evident because of the hight estimates for coefficients of genetic variability. The highest responses for selection were obtained in the traits of production and plant height, both by direct selection or by utilization of the selection index. However, selection as per the classic Smith/ Hazel index showed more efficiency in relation to direct selection.

scholarly journals Response of Kientzler New Guinea Impatiens to Manual and Chemical Pinching

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 856-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Woods Starman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Delayed Flowering ◽  
New Guinea Impatiens

Manually and chemically pinched plants of 18 cultivars of Impatiens hybrids (Kientzler New Guinea impatiens) were compared to control plants to determine the effect of shoot apex removal on flowering, plant size, and branching characteristics. Either pinching treatment delayed flowering by ≈3 days compared with nonpinched controls. Pinching had no effect on plant height or fresh or dry weight. Plant diameter and form changes due to pinching depended on cultivar. Total branch count was increased by chemical but not manual pinching although both pinching methods affected mode of branching. The 18 cultivars of Kientzler New Guinea impatiens were best grown as 0.4-liter potted plants without the aid of pinching.

scholarly journals Genetic variability to improve yield and resistance to bacterial leaf blight in rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
AK Singh ◽  
RK Singh ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
M Arya ◽  
PK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Panicle Weight

One hundred F2 and F3 single plant progenies along with their parents and the infector rows were evaluated for 13 quantitative traits to assess the genetic variability, heritability, associations and estimation of number of genes for bacterial leaf blight resistance and yield related traits. In both F2 and F3, a wide range of variability was present for all the traits, indicating considerable scope for selection. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of effective tillers per plant and grain yield per plant. Positive and significant correlation were observed between grain yield per plant with days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of effective tillers per plant, test weight and flag leaf length in either one of the generation or in combination of both F2 and F3. Path-coefficients analysis showed that plant height, panicle length and test weight had high direct positive effect in both the F2 and F3. The estimated number of gene(s) in the segregating generations for bacterial leaf blight was 2.14 in the F2 and 0.92 in the F3 revealed that two genes were involved in the inheritance of resistance to bacterial leaf blight in F2, while only one gene in F3 due to dominance effect.

scholarly journals The effect of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) on morphological and fluorescence parameters of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sava Vrbnicanin ◽  
Marija Saric-Krsmanovic ◽  
Dragana Bozic
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ambrosia Trifida ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris

The effect of the parasitic flowering plant known as field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) on morphological and fluorescence parameters of infested giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) plants was examined under controlled conditions. The parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence (Fo, Fv/Fm, ?PSII, Fv, Fm, ETR and IF) were measured on infested (I) and non-infested (N) A. trifida plants over a period of seven days, beginning with the day of infestation. Morphological parameters (plant height, dry and fresh weight) were measured on the last day of fluorescence measurements. C. campestris was found to affect the height, fresh and dry weight of the infested A. trifida plants, causing significant reduction in plant height and dry weight. Field dodder also affected several parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence (Fo, Fv/Fm, ?PSII and Fv) in infested A. trifida plants.

Genetic Relationship and Assessment of Variability of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilzek] Genotypes Based on Morphological Traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
New Genotype

Background: The present investigation was undertaken to examine the genetic variability and relationship between traits among the 73 germplasm lines of mungbean collection of diverse nature. Genetic variability and association studies play an important role in developing a new genotype. The mungbean productivity remains low in India because of low genetic base for yield improvement, absence of variability for yield traits, poor ideotype of mungbean plant, inadequate management of the crop, weed infestation and susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses. Genetic variability is most important factor of success of any crop improvement programme.Methods: An experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with two replication at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh in high productive black cotton soils during kharif 2016 on 73 mungbean genotypes. Result: The study revealed that the mean sums of squares due to genotype were highly significant for all the morphological traits. High estimates of heritability and genetic advance were recorded for clusters per plant, no. of branches per plant, days to maturity, seed yield, days to 50% flowering; plant height and no. of pods per plant indicating the role of additive gene effects with low environmental influence for the determination of these traits and simple phenotypic selection may be effective. The results also indicated improvement through direct selection for these traits can increase directly the grain yield in mungbean. Genotype Pusa Baisakhi, HUM-16, IPM-02-03, IPM-02-19, PM-5, AKM-9904, COGG-912 and RMG-991 were found good donors for these traits in recombinant breeding programme for yield enhancement in mungbean.

scholarly journals Early selection efficiency for recommendation of Eucalyptus sp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
Yanca Araujo Frias ◽  
Eliel Alves Ferreira ◽  
Victor Hugo Cruz ◽  
Daniel Pedrosa Alves ◽  
Evandro Pereira Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Selection Efficiency ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Combined Selection

This paper aims to estimate genetic and phenotypical parameters to assess the viability of early selection in progeny tests of Eucalyptus sp. We analyzed data from experiments conducted in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The evaluated traits were diameter at breast height and plant height in 482 progenies of full sibs under randomized block design, into nine experiments: four of which were assessed at progenies mean level, and five assessed at individuals mean level. It were evaluated the predicted gains with combined selection index under 5, 10 and 20% of selection; the coincidence among selected families in juvenile and adult ages, and the efficiency of early selection. Results indicated that the procedures were efficient in most of the scenarios, and the gains comparable to the direct selection on tree harvest age.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Path Analysis Studies in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Mohammad Quamrul Islam Matin ◽  
Mohammad Amiruzzaman ◽  
Md. Motasim Billah ◽  
Most. Bilkis Banu ◽  
Nazmun Naher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Positive Direct

The present study was carried out to investigate the correlation coefficient, path analysis and genetic variability among some barley varieties for nine characters in a Randomize Block Design (RBD) with three replications in three environments of Bangladesh. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was obtained from grain/ spike (29.89 %), yield/ plant (28.72%) and effective tiller/plant (21.86 %) and spike length (13.56 %). The characters with high GCV indicated high potential for selection. The highest heritability (Hb) was observed for 1000 seed weight (95.09) followed by yield/ plant (93.98), grain/ spike (92.09) and spike length (69.93), days to heading (72.65) but the lowest Hb was identified for effective tiller/plant (22.41) followed by the plant height (34.21). Those traits with higher heritability may be considered for selection. Grain/ spike had the highest positive direct effect (5.65) on yield followed by 1000 seed weight (4.65), spike length (1.26), yield/ plant (0.66), days to heading (0.55) and days to maturity (0.34). These parameters were identified as direct selection. Direct negative effect on yield was shown by plant height (-0.32) and effective tiller/plant (-0.74). This was an indication of indirect selection. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 243-247

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Character Association Studies in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Shubham Chakraborty ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Chandan Kishore ◽  
Anand Kumar ◽  
Ravi Ranjan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Positive Direct

India is a nation which has got huge scope for modernization. The pace of increasing modernization in India coupled with its ever increasing human population is posing a very serious impact on environment mainly due to global warming. Abrupt rainfall conditions coupled with drought conditions prevailing during the Kharif season often hampers paddy transplantation in eastern parts of India. It results in late harvesting of paddy which in turn leads to late sowing of mustard crop in the fields during Rabi season. Hence, the need of the hour is to develop Indian mustard varieties having high yield potential as well as suitable for late sown conditions in Eastern India. An investigation was carried out to study the genetic variability, correlation and path analysis of ten quantitative traits in 33 genotypes of Indian mustard procured from diverse agro-climatic zones of the country. Analyses of variance were found to be highly significant for all the characters studied. Genotypic Coefficient of Variability as well as Phenotypic Coefficient of Variability were found high for number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of siliqua and seed yield per plot. High heritability coupled with higher genetic advance was found for plant height, number of siliqua per plant and seed yield per plot suggesting due importance of these traits for selection in breeding program.The phenotypic and genotypic correlation studies revealed that seed yield per plot exhibited significant positive correlation with plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, siliqua length, seeds per siliqua and 1000 seed-weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield per plot, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branch, number of secondary branch, number of siliqua per plant had positive direct effect on seed yield per plot suggesting that direct selection for these triats can be practiced for yield improvement in Indian mustard.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genetic Advance Estimates in Garlic (Allium sativum) from the Gamo Highlands of Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Azene Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bulb Yield

Genetic variability is the fundamental requirement for any plant breeding program to develop a superior cultivar. This study aimed to estimate the genetic variability and determine the correlation between the various quantitative characteristics of garlic accessions. The experiment was carried out in the Ezo-Otte area of the Chencha district in the Gamo highlands of southern Ethiopia and 28 garlic accessions were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. Various morphological descriptors were measured to evaluate the variability and correlation coefficients. The analysis of variance showed a highly significant variation for all characters, which indicates greater variability in the accession. High and moderate heritability in broad sense estimates were obtained for the majority of the traits examined. Days to maturity (28.09), bulb weight (22.33), and bulb diameter (equatorial) (21.33) showed higher genetic advance. The maximum value of the genetic progress as a percentage of the mean was observed in bulb yield, clove weight, bulb diameter (equatorial), and number of leaves. In addition, bulb diameter (equatorial), clove weight, bulb weight, and plant height were observed to be highly hereditary coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean, suggesting that they can be improved by direct selection. Coefficient analysis has shown that maximum attention should be paid to bulb diameter (equatorial), the number of cloves, bulb diameter (equatorial), bulb weight, plant height, and leaf length, as these traits also correlate positively and significantly with bulb yield.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance studies in pea (Pisum sativum L.) for quantitative characters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Vinay Verma ◽  
B. Singh ◽  
V. R. Sharma ◽  
Mukesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Quantitative Characters

An experiment was conducted to determine the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean among fifty-five genotypes of pea using eleven quantitative characters viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of first fruiting node, length of first fruiting node, number of pods per plant, length of pod, width of pod, number of seeds per pods, green pod yield per plant, seed yield per plant and shell weight per plant. The results of ANOVA showed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters indicating the existence of wide spectrum of variability among the genotypes. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was quite higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). High value of GCV and PCV was recorded for seed yield per plant, number of pods per plant, shell weight per plant, green pod yield per plant, plant height, length of first fruiting node and number of first fruiting node. All the characters showed high magnitude of heritability in broad sense (>60%) ranged from 83.91% (width of pod) to 98.84% (number of pods per plant). Further, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean (>20%) was observed for all the characters except days to 50 % flowering suggesting that these characters are genetically controlled by additive (heritable) gene action and can be utilized for pea improvement through selection. The genotypes which showed superior results for the objectives under study were VRP-383, VRP-311, VRP-320 and Kashi Shakti and can be utilized for further breeding programme of pea.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability Studies for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Rabi sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in Relation to Drought Tolerance

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Kesoju Ravali ◽  
J. E. Jahagirdar ◽  
Chetana Singin ◽  
Sheetal Tirkey ◽  
S. S. Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Fodder Yield

Genetic variability studies were useful for effective selection in a crop species. Presence of desirable variation and the amount of that variation which is heritable is the primary requirement of any breeding program for the crop improvement. Therefore any breeding program for crop improvement depends majorly on the knowledge pertaining to genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance. The genetic variability study was carried out for yield and yield contributing traits in thirty-seven genotypes of rabi sorghum with three checks namely M 35-1, Phule Suchitra and CSV-22-R at Sorghum Research Station, V.N.M.K.V., Parbhani during rabi 2019. A randomized block design was used with three replications and these treatments were evaluated and data pertaining to eleven traits were recorded with the objective to estimate the genetic variability for the quantitative traits. This investigation revealed presence of highly significant differences among the genotypes indicating presence of large amount of variability in all the eleven characters studied. The study indicated presence of higher estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for all the traits when compared to genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and these estimates are of lower magnitude. Among the forty genotypes studied VJV 107, VJV 106, PEC 30, RSV 1921, RSV 1945 and RSV 1984 were considered as the superior genotypes as these recorded better performance. Higher estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for the traits; days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, panicle length, panicle width, fodder yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant indicating selection for higher values of these traits of sorghum would be effective. Whereas high heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance was observed for traits like plant height, fodder yield per plant and total biomass per plant.

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