scholarly journals VARIATION OF PM10 CONCENTRATION DEPENDING ON THE METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN TWO BUCHAREST MONITORING STATIONS (IN GREEN AREAS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Bodor ◽  
Réka Boga ◽  
Tímea Pernyeszi ◽  
Szende Tonk ◽  
György Deák
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pm10 Emissions

This study presents the assessment of the PM10 emissions in areas from the south of Bucharest and Ilfov county, for a period of 11 years, during 2008-2018, taking into consideration the most important meteorological parameters with influence to air pollution, such as relative humidity, temperature, wind direction, and wind speed. During the study period, the mean annual concentrations of PM10 decreased from 43.92 μg/m3 to 29.67 μg/m3, expressed as a percentage change the decrease was 35.45% and 29.03% at the B-4 and B-7 stations, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient was significantly higher in the cold season (November-April). In order to further investigate the relations of air quality and wind direction pollution roses were calculated and the results indicate that the highest concentrations of PM10 occur in B-4 and B-7 at the southwestern and west direction of wind.

scholarly journals Application of hysplit model to evaluate the relationship between meteorological parameters and PM10 content in the atmospheric environment in Ha Noi city, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Anh Dung Nguyen ◽  
Hồng Sơn Dương ◽  
Đức Hạnh Nguyễn Thế ◽  
Nguyen Dac Dong
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Hysplit Model ◽  
The Relationship

Meteorology is one of the factors that plays an important role in assessing the quality of the atmospheric environment. Regarding the air pollution, especially dust and gaseous emissions, there are currently few studies on the relationship between meteorological factors and the increase in pollutant concentration. In this study, the relationship between several meteorological parameters such as temperature (TEM), wind speed (WS), wind direction (WD) and PM10 content in Hanoi were evaluated through the Spearman correlation coefficient (r) by SPSS statistical analysis software. Data includes hourly meteorological factors (temperature, wind speed and wind direction) and 24-h PM10 concentration collected at three automatic air quality monitoring stations in Hanoi in 2018. In addition, HYSPLIT model is used to determine the influence of wind direction and contribution of air pollution sources. The results show a negative correlation (r <0) between PM10 content, temperature and wind speed in dry and rainy seasons. During the dry season, Hanoi has a higher PM10 content than the remaining months of the year. This might be partly affected by outside pollution sources from the North and Northwest. The findings emphasize the dependence of air quality on local meteorological conditions and the distribution of major

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ASTHMA IN CHILDREN, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO WIND SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Guy René Newell ◽  
Lida Inge Swafford
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Sharp Peak ◽  
Emergency Visits ◽  
Asthma In Children

There are many reports relating air pollution to asthma. Specific agents have been implicated, although not always concretely demonstrated. This study of 2,400 pediatric emergency visits for asthma compares its epidemiology in children and adults, particularly as to effects associated with wind speed and wind direction. Outbreaks of asthma in children were not nearly as conspicuously related to wind speed and direction as were those in adults. The severity of attacks, as judged by emergency visits for relief, increased in the fall and fell off during the summer. More boys than girls were affected; the frequency of visits gradually built up with age, except for a drop at the immediate prepubertal ages, followed by a sharp peak at age 14 years. Thus "duration of exposure" could not be clearly related to the frequency of attacks. These observations have raised questions and speculations which we hope will lead to further studies.

scholarly journals Characteristics and the Potential Influence of Fugitive PM10 Emissions from Enclosed Storage Yards in Iron and Steel Plant

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Zijie Lin ◽  
Fujiang Wang ◽  
Tao Ji ◽  
Baolong Ma ◽  
Linyan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Particle Emission ◽  
Steel Plant ◽  
Fugitive Emission ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Emission Estimation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pm10 Emissions

Fugitive particle emission of enclosed storage yards in iron and steel plant is a complicated and multivariable problem, which will have negative impacts on the environment and economy. Researchers have discussed methodologies of emission estimation in open storage yards, but rarely focused on enclosed ones. However, enclosed storage yards are commonly adopted in most industries in China. This paper links onsite observation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to estimate the impact of fugitive PM10 emissions from enclosed storage yards on the open air. By collecting and analyzing PM10 samples at three sites inside the yard and one site outside, The result shows that PM10 concentration is in the range of 7.3 ± 1.5~13.4 ± 4.2 mg/m3, which is extremely high in an enclosed storage yard, and significantly influences workers’ health inside and outside atmospheric aerosols. The CFD model simulation is conducted by considering particle deposition, particle emission sources of shovel loader and road dust emission, as well as different wind direction and wind speed. The result shows that PM10 discharge rate from the enclosed area to open-air is significantly influenced by wind velocity and direction, e.g., the result of northwest wind with wind speed in 12.7 m/s is eight times higher than wind speed in 2.5 m/s with the same wind direction, and are 47 and 62 times higher than the east and west wind direction with the same wind speed in 12.7 m/s, respectively. In this case, the PM10 discharge rate is about 131.7 ton/year, which contains about 38~55 ton/year iron-relating particles. This will directly contribute PM10 to open-air and may produce secondary aerosols, due to heterogeneous catalytic reaction. This work identifies the important contribution of fugitive emissions and provides an approach for fugitive emission estimation of industries to the surrounding air. The results provide a reference for material yard zoning and fugitive emission control from minimizing influence from the meteorological condition and reducing source discharge inside.

Self-Management Status in Patients with Diabetes and Disease Control Indicators in Lamerd City, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoun Jahangir ◽  
Esmaeil Kavi ◽  
Behnam Masmouei ◽  
Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan ◽  
Hamed Delam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Diabetes is a global epidemic with serious complication and there is a clear need for paying special attention to self-management as the cornerstone to optimal control of the disease. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the self-management status and its correlation to disease control indicators in people with diabetes. Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 220 patients were selected from the list of the referred patients available in Lamerd public health network from December 2014 to June 2015. In the first step, data about demographic information and disease control were collected from the patients’ records. In the second step, the self-management status of each patient was assessed by the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire developed by Schmitt et al. To analyze the data, independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. Results: The mean age of the male and female participants was 56.43 ± 13.50 and 56.46 ± 10.49 years old, respectively. The mean duration of the disease was 6.67 ± 4.72 years for men and 7.07 ± 5.30 years for women. Twenty-one (25.9%) men and 60 (43.7%) women had a history of smoking. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was an inverse and statistically significant relationship between diabetes self-management status and weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glucose tolerance test (GTT), LDL, and cholesterol. The results of the t-test did not show significant differences between the level of HbA1C (HbA1C7) and self-management scores of the patients (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with better self-management status were in a better disease control condition with respect to weight, BMI, waist circumference, GTT, LDL, and cholesterol levels. Special attention to the control and management of LDL, cholesterol, HbA1C, BMI, and blood pressure levels is recommended in planning for these patients.

scholarly journals Tracking and predicting hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) epidemics in China by Baidu queries

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Y. XIAO ◽  
H. J. LIU ◽  
M. W. FELDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Search Queries ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Traditional Surveillance

SUMMARYHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is highly prevalent in China, and more efficient methods of epidemic detection and early warning need to be developed to augment traditional surveillance systems. In this paper, a method that uses Baidu search queries to track and predict HFMD epidemics is presented, and the outbreaks of HFMD in China during the 60-month period from January 2011 to December 2015 are predicted. The Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of the predictive model and the mean absolute percentage errors between observed HFMD case counts and the predicted number show that our predictive model gives excellent fit to the data. This implies that Baidu search queries can be used in China to track and reliably predict HFMD epidemics, and can serve as a supplement to official systems for HFMD epidemic surveillance.

Wind tunnel tests on the characteristics of wind fields over a simplified gorge

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1599-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Hu ◽  
Yongle Li ◽  
Yan Han ◽  
CS Cai ◽  
Guoji Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Characteristics ◽  
The Mean

Characteristics of wind fields over the gorge or valley terrains are becoming more and more important to the structural wind engineering. However, the studies on this topic are very limited. To obtain the fundamental characteristics information about the wind fields over a typical gorge terrain, a V-shaped simplified gorge, which was abstracted from some real deep-cutting gorges where long-span bridges usually straddle, was introduced in the present wind tunnel studies. Then, the wind characteristics including the mean wind speed, turbulence intensity, integral length scale, and the wind power spectrum over the simplified gorge were studied in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer. Furthermore, the effects of the oncoming wind field type and oncoming wind direction on these wind characteristics were also investigated. The results show that compared with the oncoming wind, the wind speeds at the gorge center become larger, but the turbulence intensities and the longitudinal integral length scales become smaller. Generally, the wind fields over the gorge terrain can be approximately divided into two layers, that is, the gorge inner layer and the gorge outer layer. The different oncoming wind field types have remarkable effects on the mean wind speed ratios near the ground. When the angle between the oncoming wind and the axis of the gorge is in a certain small range, such as smaller than 10°, the wind fields are very close to those associated with the wind direction of 0°. However, when the angle is in a larger range, such as larger than 20°, the wind fields in the gorge will significantly change. The research conclusions can provide some references for civil engineering practices regarding the characteristics of wind fields over the real gorge terrains.

scholarly journals The Loss of Vigour and Sowing Value of Yellow Lupin Seeds (Lupinus luteus L.) as a Result of Mechanical Harvesting

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Faligowska ◽  
Grażyna Szymańska ◽  
Katarzyna Panasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of mechanical harvest on the seed quality of yellow lupin. Two effects were studied: the cultivar of yellow lupin (the indeterminate cultivar - Mister and the determinate cultivar - Perkoz) and harvest methods: hand-picked plants with manual shelling of seeds as a control and mechanical shelling with a plot harvester. In comparison with manual shelling of seeds, the mechanical harvest reduced the seed germination and increased the number of abnormal seeds both cultivars. Determinate cultivar was more sensitive, because the loss of its quality was higher (germination of 10%) than indeterminate cultivar (6%). Perkoz had also higher electrical conductivity, with the mean value of 34.3 μS × cm−1× g−1. Manual shelled seeds were characterized by a significantly lower leakage of exudates (24.9 μS × cm−1× g−1), and hence, it exhibited greater vigour than mechanical harvested seeds. Most relations of Pearson correlation coefficient between vigour tests and germination were strong or practically functional.

scholarly journals Managing risk in ski resorts: Environmental factors affecting actual and estimated speed on signposted groomed slopes in a cohort of adult recreational alpine skiers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256349
Author(s):  
Luis Carus ◽  
Isabel Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Ski Resorts

Background Certain weather conditions are clearly harmful, increasing the risk of injury of winter sports participants substantially. The objective of this study was to investigate actual speeds of skiers on signposted groomed slopes and to measure their skill to accurately estimate them with regard to environmental conditions such as visibility, sky cover, snow quality, wind and temperature. Methods The data were obtained from a sample of 421 adult recreational skiers taking ski courses. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to explore the relationship between actual and estimated speed for all participants. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to measure the effect of environmental conditions on both the skiers’ actual speeds and their errors of estimation. Values of 0.05 or less were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results The Pearson correlation coefficient between estimated and actual speed was 0.90 (P < 0.001). Skiers underestimated their actual speed on average by 13.06 km/h or 24.1%. Visibility, quality of snow and wind speed were shown to significantly affect both actual maximum speed and estimated speed. Good visibility, grippy snow and calm wind were associated with both the highest actual maximum speed and the lowest ability to estimate it. Conclusion Certain environmental conditions are associated with the actual speed at which skiers travel and with their ability to estimate it. Visibility, quality of snow and wind speed seem to influence both actual speed and the ability to estimate it while sky cover and temperature do not. A reinforced understanding of skiing speed on signposted groomed slopes is useful to gain insight into crashes and the mechanisms of resulting injuries, to evaluate means of protection and to devise successful prevention policies in ski resorts.

scholarly journals Optimization of orbital retraction during endoscopic transorbital approach via quantitative measurement of the intraocular pressure – SevEN 006

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Hyun Kim ◽  
Ju Hyung Moon ◽  
Eui Hyun Kim ◽  
Chang Ki Hong ◽  
Ji Sang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Endoscopic Transorbital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Clinical Cases

Abstract Background: Increased use of the transorbital approach (TOA) warrants greater understanding of the risk of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and intraorbital pressure (IORP) due to orbital compression. We aimed to investigate the changes in IOP and IORP in response to orbital retraction in TOA and establish a method for the continuous measurement of intraoperative IORP.Methods: We assessed nine patients who underwent TOA surgery from January 2017 to December 2019, in addition to five cadavers. IORP and IOP were measured using a cannula needle monitor, tonometer, cuff manometer, and micro strain gauge monitor.Results: In all nine clinical cases and five cadavers, increased physical compression of the orbit increased the IOP and IORP in a curvilinear pattern. In clinical cases, when the orbit was compressed 1.5 cm from the lateral margin in the sagittal plane, the mean IOP and IORP were 25.4±5.2 mmHg and 14±9.2 mmH2O, respectively. The IORP satisfactorily reflected the IOP (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.824, p<0.001).Conclusion: We measured IOP and IORP simultaneously during orbital compression to gain basic information on pressure changes. In clinical cases, the change in the IOP could be conveniently and noninvasively monitored using continuous IORP measurements.

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