scholarly journals Az egészségromlás és az egészségmagatartás-változás kvalitatív vizsgálata munkafüggők körében

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Bernadette ◽  
Hamrák Anna ◽  
Kenyhercz Viktória ◽  
Demetrovics Zsolt ◽  
Kaló Zsuzsa
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Health Status ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Work Addiction

Háttér és célokEgyre több kutatás irányul a munkafüggőség rizikófaktorainak és következményeinek feltárására. Bár az elméleti modellek feltételezik, hogy a túlzott munkavégzés többek között az egészségi állapotra is negatív hatással van, a kutatások alapvetően kvantitatív módszerekkel vizsgálták-e kérdést; kvalitatív vizsgálatok, amelyek a munkafüggő személyek saját élményeit elemzik, alig születtek. Célunk az volt, hogy munkafüggő személyek egészségi állapotának, egészség-magatartásának, és ezek munkavégzési szokásokkal való összefüggéseit elemezzük.MódszerEgy korábbi kutatásunk alapján a munkafüggőség szempontjából rizikócsoportba tartozó személyeket kértünk fel a kutatásban való részvételre, és összesen 29 fővel (15 férfi és 14 nő) készítettünk félig strukturált interjúkat. Az interjúk kitértek a személyek pályaorientációjára, munkavégzési szokásaikra, munkamotivációikra, munkafüggőséggel kapcsolatos élményeikre, testi és lelki egészségükre. Az interjúkból készült átiratok elemzése deduktív és induktív szinten is zajlott, Braun és Clarke (2006) hatlépéses módszerét követve kvalitatív témaelemzéssel történt.EredményekAz interjúalanyok a túl sok munkavégzés következtében számos szempontból tapasztalták az egészségromlás jeleit. Az általános egészségromlás mellett mozgásszervi és autoimmun betegségek kialakulásáról, kardiovaszkuláris és gyomorbetegségekről, túlsúlyról, alvászavarokról és kiégésről is beszámoltak. Az egészség-magatartásuk mentén is negatív irányú változásokat tapasztaltak: az egészségtelen táplálkozás és a kevés fizikai aktivitás mellett az alvás önmaguktól való megvonása is jellemző volt.KövetkeztetésekKutatásunk rámutatott arra, hogy az érintettek a fizikai egészségi állapotukban megjelenő panaszaikat a túlzott munkavégzés és munkafüggőség következményeként írták le. Az eredményeink arra utalnak, hogy a munkafüggőség nem „pozitív addikció”, sőt, a jelenséget addiktológiai megközelítésből érdemes tárgyalni, mivel a munkafüggőség tünettanában is rokonságot mutat más függőségekkel.Background and aimsAn increasing amount of studies examine the risk factors and outcomes of work addiction. Several theories posited that work addiction associates not only to negative psychological and social consequences but work addiction leads to deterioration of health status. Most of the studies explore the relationship between work addiction and physical health by using cross-sectional quantitative methods and only a few amounts of qualitative studies analyzed the personal experiences of individuals with work addiction. The aim of the current study was to explore and analyze the associations between working habits, physical health status, and health behaviors among individuals at risk of work addiction.MethodsIn our previous study, applying a valid work addiction measure, we have identified a group of individuals who showed a high risk of work addiction and we asked them to participate in the current study. Finally, 29 individuals (15 males and 14 females) have been asked by a semi-structured interview. Topics of career orientation, working habits, work motivations, experiences of work addiction, and physical and mental health have been involved in the interviews. The texts of the interviews have been analyzed by qualitative content analysis, by using both deductive and inductive methods. We applied the six steps of thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke (2006).ResultsIndividuals with a high risk of work addiction have reported several negative signs of deterioration of physical health as a consequence of excessive work, such as motoric diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, sleep disorders, and burnout. They have experienced negative changes in their health behavior too: unhealthy eating behaviors, lack of physical activity, and a lower need for sleep have been reported.ConclusionOur results have indicated that at-risk population considered physical health symptoms as consequences of excessive work and work addiction. Considering our results, work addiction is not a “positive addiction”, moreover, the problem has to be conceptualized as a behavioral addiction because the negative consequences of overwork have been experienced by these individuals.

scholarly journals Clinical subtypes that predict conversion to psychosis: A canonical correlation analysis study from the ShangHai At Risk for Psychosis program

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
TianHong Zhang ◽  
XiaoChen Tang ◽  
HuiJun Li ◽  
Kristen A Woodberry ◽  
Emily R Kline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Clinical High Risk

Objective: Since only 30% or fewer of individuals at clinical high risk convert to psychosis within 2 years, efforts are underway to refine risk identification strategies to increase their predictive power. The clinical high risk is a heterogeneous syndrome presenting with highly variable clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions. This study investigated whether subtypes defined by baseline clinical and cognitive features improve the prediction of psychosis. Method: Four hundred clinical high-risk subjects from the ongoing ShangHai At Risk for Psychosis program were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Canonical correlation analysis was applied to 289 clinical high-risk subjects with completed Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and cognitive battery tests at baseline, and at least 1-year follow-up. Canonical variates were generated by canonical correlation analysis and then used for hierarchical cluster analysis to produce subtypes. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were constructed from the three subtypes to test their utility further in predicting psychosis. Results: Canonical correlation analysis determined two linear combinations: (1) negative symptom and functional deterioration-related cognitive features, and (2) Positive symptoms and emotional disorganization-related cognitive features. Cluster analysis revealed three subtypes defined by distinct and relatively homogeneous patterns along two dimensions, comprising 14.2% (subtype 1, n = 41), 37.4% (subtype 2, n = 108) and 48.4% (subtype 3, n = 140) of the sample, and each with distinctive features of clinical and cognitive performance. Those with subtype 1, which is characterized by extensive negative symptoms and cognitive deficits, appear to have the highest risk for psychosis. The conversion risk for subtypes 1–3 are 39.0%, 11.1% and 18.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Our results define important subtypes within clinical high-risk syndromes that highlight clinical symptoms and cognitive features that transcend current diagnostic boundaries. The three different subtypes reflect significant differences in clinical and cognitive characteristics as well as in the risk of conversion to psychosis.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Long-Term Physical and Emotional Quality of Life of Persons Injured on 9/11/2001

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brackbill ◽  
Howard Alper ◽  
Patricia Frazier ◽  
Lisa Gargano ◽  
Melanie Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Component Score

Fifteen years after the disaster, the World Trade Center Health Registry (Registry) conducted The Health and Quality of Life Survey (HQoL) assessing physical and mental health status among those who reported sustaining an injury on 11 September 2001 compared with non-injured persons. Summary scores derived from the Short Form-12 served as study outcomes. United States (US) population estimates on the Physical Component Score (PCS-12) and Mental Component Score (MCS-12) were compared with scores from the HQoL and were stratified by Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and injury status. Linear regression models were used to estimate the association between both injury severity and PTSD and PCS-12 and MCS-12 scores. Level of injury severity and PTSD history significantly predicted poorer physical health (mean PCS-12). There was no significant difference between injury severity level and mental health (mean MCS-12). Controlling for other factors, having PTSD symptoms after 9/11 predicted a nearly 10-point difference in mean MCS-12 compared with never having PTSD. Injury severity and PTSD showed additive effects on physical and mental health status. Injury on 9/11 and a PTSD history were each associated with long-term decrements in physical health status. Injury did not predict long-term decrements in one’s mental health status. Although it is unknown whether physical wounds of the injury healed, our results suggest that traumatic injuries appear to have a lasting negative effect on perceived physical functioning.

Pathways between health, education and income in adolescence and adulthood

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 825-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J Callander
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo quantify the impact of household income, and physical and mental health in adolescence on education attainment, household income and health status in adulthood.DesignPath analysis and regression models using waves 1–12 of theHousehold, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australiasurvey.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 17 or 18 in 2001, 52% were males (n=655) and 48% were female (52%). Of those participating in wave 1, five did not respond in wave 12.Main outcome measuresEducation attainment, household income, physical and mental health at age 29/30.ResultsFor females, physical health at age 17/18 was significantly related to level of education attainment at age 29/30 (standardised total effect 0.290, p<0.001), with this influence being greater in magnitude than that of household income at age 17/18 on level of education attainment at age 29/30 (standardised total effect 0.159, p=0.022). Females' physical health at age 17/18 was also significantly related to household income at age 29/30 (standardised total effect 0.09, p=0.018). Both adjusted for initial household income at age 17/18. For males, the total standardised total effect of physical health at age 17/18 had a greater impact than household income at age 17/18 on education attainment at age 29/30 (0.347, p<0.001 for physical health and 0.276, p<0.001 for household income). The OR of achieving a year 12 or higher level of education attainment was 4.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 15.58, p=0.0110) for females with good physical health at age 17/18 and 5.05 (95% CI 1.78 to 14.36, p=0.0024) for males, compared with those with poor physical health at age 17/18.ConclusionsAs physical health in adolescence appears to have a stronger influence on education attainment in adulthood than household income, equity strategies for education attainment should also target those with poor health.

scholarly journals Poor physical and mental health predicts prolonged grief disorder: A prospective, population-based cohort study on caregivers of patients at the end of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1416-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Krarup Lenger ◽  
Mette Asbjoern Neergaard ◽  
Mai-Britt Guldin ◽  
Mette Kjaergaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
General Population ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Prolonged Grief Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Grief ◽  
Sf 36

Background: The health of caregivers can be affected during end-of-life caregiving. Previous cross-sectional studies have indicated an association between poor health status and prolonged grief disorder, but prospective studies are lacking. Aim: To describe physical and mental health status in caregivers of patients at the end of life, and to investigate whether caregivers’ health status during caregiving predict prolonged grief disorder. Design: A population-based prospective survey was conducted. Health status was measured in caregivers during caregiving (SF-36), and prolonged grief disorder was assessed 6 months after bereavement (Prolonged Grief-13). We calculated mean scores of health status and explored the association with prolonged grief disorder using logistic regression adjusted for age, gender and education. Setting/participants: The health in caregivers of patients granted drug reimbursement due to terminal illness in Denmark in 2012 was assessed during caregiving and 6 months after bereavement ( n = 2125). Results: The SF-36 subscale ‘role-physical’ concerning role limitations due to physical health, the ‘mental health’ component score, and all ‘mental health’ subscales showed significantly worse health in the participants than in the general population. Both poor physical health (adjusted OR: 1.05 (95% CI: 1.04–1.07)) and poor mental health (adjusted OR: 1.09 (95% CI: 1.07–1.11)) predicted prolonged grief disorder. Conclusion: Caregivers scored lower on one physical subscale and all mental health measures than the general population. Prolonged grief disorder was predicted by poor physical and mental health status before bereavement. Future research is needed on the use of health status in systematic assessment to identify caregivers in need of support.

Health Literacy, Physical and Mental Health, and Activities of Daily Living Among Older Chinese Adults in Nursing Homes

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Bing Liu ◽  
Ling-Ling Xue ◽  
Hui-Ping Xue ◽  
Ping Hou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Physical And Mental Health

It is very important to estimate the prevalence of inadequate health literacy and determine whether or not health literacy level differences predict the physical and mental health status of older adults. A cluster sampling method was selected. A total of 1396 older adults were interviewed. Three instruments were included: the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire, Short Form 36, and Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Scale. The health literacy scores were very low (71.74 ± 28.35). The physical and mental health scores were all moderate. The ADLs was ⩾22, which suggests that the ADLs of older adults were poor. The major influencing factors of physical health include health literacy, ADL, alcohol consumption, household income, marital status, and former occupation. The major factors influencing mental health included ADL, former occupation, age, and smoking. Health literacy was associated with physical health, but was not associated with mental health. Improving health literacy could increase health management and health status of older adults.

scholarly journals Schizotypal components in people at high risk of developing schizophrenia: early findings from the Edinburgh High-Risk Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Miller ◽  
Majella Byrne ◽  
Ann Hodges ◽  
Stephen M. Lawrie ◽  
David G. Cunningham Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction ◽  
State Examination

BackgroundThe study of high-risk groups and the development of schizophrenia.AimsTo investigate further schizotypy, measured by the Structured Interview for Schizotypy (SIS), and to examine relationships between schizotypal components, psychotic symptoms on the Present State Examination (PSE) and subsequent schizophrenia.MethodThe SIS and PSE were administered on entry. Schizophrenia onsets were recorded during follow-up.ResultsThe SIS yielded four principal components labelled social withdrawal, psychotic symptoms, socio-emotional dysfunction and odd behaviour. On entry, these differentiated between controls, subjects at risk for schizophrenia with and without symptoms and patients with schizophrenia. Seven of 78 subjects at risk developed schizophrenia within 39 months. This was best predicted by combining the four SIS components.ConclusionsSchizotypy is heterogeneous and may become psychosis, particularly if several of its components are present. As psychosis develops, odd behaviour gives way to psychotic symptoms and social function deteriorates.

scholarly journals Depression, Anxiety and Health Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Chylova ◽  
J.P. van Dijk ◽  
J. Rosenberger ◽  
I. Nagyova ◽  
M. Gavelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Physical And Mental Health

Aims:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults and is frequently accompanied by symptoms of depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to explore the association of depression and anxiety with health status in younger and older MS patients.Method:223 MS patients (67.3% female; mean age 38.9±10.8 years; mean disease duration 5.8±5.2 years) were divided into younger and older age groups (< 45 and ≥45 years). They completed questionnaires focusing on sociodemographic data, depression and anxiety (HADS), and physical and mental health status (SF-36). Functional disability (EDSS) was assessed by a neurologist. To analyse the data, a U-test and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.Results:A model consisting of age, gender, marital status, EDSS, depression and anxiety explained 46.6% of the variance in physical health status and 60.8% of the variance in mental health status (p≤.001). Depression was a significant predictor of physical health status in older MS patients and was associated with mental health status in both age groups (p≤0.001). Anxiety was related to worse physical and mental health status in younger MS patients, but not in the older ones.Conclusion:Depression in MS patients is associated with mental health status and with physical health status only in the older group; anxiety is associated only in younger MS patients with regard to their health status. Psychiatric diagnostics focusing on depression and anxiety might be important for treatment of MS patients in order to contribute to improving a patient's health status.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Cognitive and Clinical Insight at Different Durations of Untreated Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms in High-Risk Individuals at Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiHua Xu ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
ShuQing Wang ◽  
YanYan Wei ◽  
HuiRu Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Relationship

Background: This study examines whether cognitive insight is impaired in high-risk individuals with attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) and explores the relationship between cognitive and clinical insight at different durations of untreated attenuated psychotic symptoms (DUAPS).Methods: The Structured Interview for Psychosis high-risk Syndrome (SIPS) was used to identify APS individuals. APS (n = 121) and healthy control (HC, n = 87) subjects were asked to complete the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS). Clinical insight of APS individuals was evaluated using the Schedule for Assessment of Insight (SAI). APS individuals were classified into four subgroups based on DUAPS, including 0–3, 4–6, 7–12, and &gt;12 months. Power analysis for significant correlation was conducted using the WebPower package in R.Results: Compared with HC subjects, APS individuals showed poorer cognitive insight, with lower scores on BCIS self-reflectiveness and composite index (BCIS self-reflectiveness minus BCIS self-certainty). Only when DUAPS was longer than 12 months did the significant positive correlation between cognitive and clinical insight obtain the power about 0.8, including the associations between self-reflectiveness and awareness of illness, self-reflectiveness and the total clinical insight, and composite index and awareness of illness. The positive associations of composite index with awareness of illness within 0–3 months DUAPS and with the total score of SAI when DUAPS &gt; 12 months were significant but failed to obtain satisfactory power.Conclusions: APS individuals may have impaired cognitive insight, demonstrating lower self-reflectiveness. The correlation between cognitive and clinical insight is associated with the duration of untreated attenuated psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Childhood familial environment and adulthood depression: evidence from a Chinese population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Zhichao Yin ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Familial Environment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Mental disorders have become an important public health issue and evidence is lacking on the impact of childhood experience on adulthood mental health in regions of low and middle income. Using national representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we aimed to explore the impact of childhood familial environment on adulthood depression. Methods A total of 19 485 subjects were interviewed. The survey collected information on demographic variables, variables of childhood familial environment and potential pathway variables, including childhood health status, adulthood physical health status, adulthood social support and adulthood socio-economic status (SES). Depressive symptoms were measured by the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Results Parents’ physical and mental health during the subjects’ childhood were significantly associated with adulthood mental health. Mothers’ smoking, unfair treatment and low family SES were associated with higher depressive symptoms in adulthood. Childhood physical and mental health status, adulthood physical health and adulthood SES might be important mediators in the pathways of childhood familial environment affecting adulthood depressive symptoms. Conclusions This study is the first to explore the relationship of childhood familial environment and adulthood depression in China. The results indicate that parents’ physical and mental health, health behaviour and treatment equity among children a important predictors for adult depression.

scholarly journals Using exercise to protect physical and mental health in youth at risk for psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Firth ◽  
Felipe Schuch ◽  
Vijay A. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Large Body ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Exercise Interventions

A large body of literature has demonstrated that exercise interventions can improve a broad range of outcomes in people with established schizophrenia, including reducing psychiatric symptoms, increasing cognitive functioning, and improving physical health. Furthermore, these benefits seem just as pronounced in first-episode psychosis. However, there have been few clinical studies to date examining the effects of exercise in those found to be ‘at-risk’ of psychosis, particularly for those meeting the criteria for ‘Clinical High Risk’ (CHR) state (a classification which includes both those meeting the ‘ultra-high risk for psychosis’ criteria and/or those with ‘atrisk mental states’). This is surprising, as a proportion of those in the CHR state go on to develop psychotic disorders, and a growing body of evidence suggests that early interventions in this period have significant potential to improve the course of illness. In this article, we shall review the existing literature for i) exercise as an adjunctive intervention for those treated for psychosis; ii) exercise as a standalone intervention in CHR groups; and iii) the rationale and supportive evidence for widescale use of exercise to preserve physical and mental health in those identified as at risk for psychosis. From this, we will put forth how the CHR phase represents an under-researched but highly-suitable timepoint for administering structured exercise interventions, in order to improve physical, psychological and neurocognitive outcomes; while also potentially reducing the odds of transition to full-threshold psychotic disorders. Following this, directions, recommendations and considerations around both the clinical implementation and future research around exercise in CHR individuals will be discussed.

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