scholarly journals Pathogenicity determinants and antibiotic resistance profiles of enterococci from foods of animal origin in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulay Elal Mus ◽  
Figen Cetinkaya ◽  
Recep Cibik ◽  
Gul Ece Soyutemiz ◽  
Husniye Simsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Species Specific

In this study, the presence of genes responsible for the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance profile of enterococci isolated from various foodstuffs of animal origin was investigated. The percentage prevalence of enterococci was 54.1% (203/375) and the average count was found to be 3.81 log cfu/ml-g. Species-specific primers revealed Enterococcus faecalis as the predominant species carrying one or more virulence-associated traits of efa, gelE, ace, esp and agg genetic markers. Only one E. faecium isolate (from milk) was positive for the esp gene. Regarding antibiotic resistance, the highest frequency of resistance was observed for tetracycline (21.7%), followed by quinupristin/dalfopristin (13.3%), ciprofloxacin (2.0%), penicillin (2.0%), linezolid (1.0%), ampicillin (1.0%), streptomycin (1.0%), and gentamicin (0.5%). Enterococcus faecalis showed a higher prevalence of antibiotic resistance than other enterococci. The percentage of multidrug resistance among the isolates was 3.4%. Twenty-nine E. faecalis isolates (26.6%) carrying one of the virulence-associated traits were at the same time resistant to at least one antibiotic. Our results show that foods of animal origin, including ready-to-eat products, may be reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant and potentially virulent enterococci.

scholarly journals The Wide Range of Antibiotic Resistance and Variability of Genotypic Profiles in Escherichia coli from Domestic Animals in Eastern Sicily

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Nunziatina Russo ◽  
Alessandro Stamilla ◽  
Giuseppe Cascone ◽  
Cinzia Lucia Randazzo ◽  
Antonino Messina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

The emergence of multidrug resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in livestock poses a serious public health threat. Escherichia coli, a usual host of intestinal microbiota, is recognized also as etiological agent of numerous infections widespread in both humans and animals. The colibacillosis is one of the most reported zoonoses worldwide, typically treated with antibiotics in the primary stages. This strategy has promoted the onset of antibiotic-resistant serotypes of E. coli, reducing the effectiveness of therapeutic treatments and contributing to antibiotic resistance spread. The current study focused on biodiversity, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance profile of 104 E. coli strains isolated from domestic animals in Eastern Sicily. The strains were isolated from sick animals and carcasses of six different animal species and screened for resistance against 16 antibiotic molecules, as recommended by WHO and OIE. The antibiotic resistance patterns highlighted that all strains were multi-resistant, showing resistance to at least three antibiotic classes. The highest incidence of resistance was observed against amoxicillin (100%), tylosin (97%), sulfamethoxazole (98%), and erythromycin (92%), while the lowest for colistin (8%). The pathotype characterization identified two EPEC strains and the study of genetic linkage (PFGE) showed a wide variety of profiles. The current study emphasized the wide range of multidrug resistance and genotyping profiles in E. coli isolated in Easter Sicily.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Hybrid Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli Associated with Multidrug Resistance in Environmental Water, Johannesburg, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2163
Author(s):  
John Y. Bolukaoto ◽  
Atheesha Singh ◽  
Ntando Alfinete ◽  
Tobias G. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Resistant Strains

This study was undertaken to determine the virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in environmental waters of Johannesburg, South Africa. Samples were collected and cultured on selective media. An 11-plex PCR assay was used to differentiate five DEC, namely: enteroaggregative (EAEC), enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterotoxigenic (ETEC). The antibiotic resistance profile of isolates was determined using the VITEK®-2 automated system. The virulence profiles of 170 E. coli tested showed that 40% (68/170) were commensals and 60% (102/170) were pathogenic. EPEC had a prevalence of 19.2% (32/170), followed by ETEC 11.4% (19/170), EAEC 6% (10/170) and EHEC 3% (5/170). Hybrid DEC carrying a combination of simultaneously two and three pathogenic types was detected in twenty-eight and nine isolates, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility testing showed isolates with multidrug resistance, including cefuroxime (100%), ceftazidime (86%), cefotaxime (81%) and cefepime (79%). This study highlighted the widespread occurrence of DEC and antibiotic resistance strains in the aquatic ecosystem of Johannesburg. The presence of hybrid pathotypes detected in this study is alarming and might lead to more severe diseases. There is a necessity to enhance surveillance in reducing the propagation of pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant strains in this area.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli between Pristine and Human-Impacted Sites in a River

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Emi Nishimura ◽  
Masateru Nishiyama ◽  
Kei Nukazawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Downstream Site ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Upstream Site ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Significant Difference

Information on the actual existence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in rivers where sewage, urban wastewater, and livestock wastewater do not load is essential to prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water environments. This study compared the antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli upstream and downstream of human habitation. The survey was conducted in the summer, winter, and spring seasons. Resistance to one or more antibiotics at upstream and downstream sites was on average 18% and 20%, respectively, and no significant difference was observed between the survey sites. The resistance rates at the upstream site (total of 98 isolated strains) to each antibiotic were cefazolin 17%, tetracycline 12%, and ampicillin 8%, in descending order. Conversely, for the downstream site (total of 89 isolated strains), the rates were ampicillin 16%, cefazolin 16%, and tetracycline 1% in descending order. The resistance rate of tetracycline in the downstream site was significantly lower than that of the upstream site. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that many strains showed different resistance profiles even in the same cluster of the Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern. Moreover, the resistance profiles differed in the same cluster of the upstream and the downstream sites. In flowing from the upstream to the downstream site, it is plausible that E. coli transmitted or lacked the antibiotic resistance gene.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Recovered from Pasteurized Cheese Commercialized in Panama City Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fermín Mejía ◽  
Nohelia Castro-del Campo ◽  
Arleny García ◽  
Katerine Rodríguez ◽  
Humberto Cornejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Panama City ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
White Cheese ◽  
High Degree

Foodborne bacteria, with a high degree of antibiotic resistance, play an important role in the morbidity and mortality of gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. Among 250 disease-causing bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of food poisoning, and its resistance to multiple antimicrobials remains of crucial concern. Cheese is often contaminated when proper sanitary procedures are not followed during its production and marketing. This work aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of pasteurized white cheese commercialized in Panama City. Cheese from five different brands sold in local supermarkets were selected to determine the presence of S. aureus as well as its antibiotic resistance profile. The results showed significant contamination of S. aureus with a geometric median sample of 104–107 CFU/g. Four out of five (4/5) cheese brands analyzed presented risk of food poisoning by exceeding the allowed range of consumption with a geometric median sample of 1,8 × 106–1,4 × 107 CFU/g. Fourteen different resistance phenotypes were found. Fifty-five percent (55%) of the analyzed strains were resistant to erythromycin. The data confirm a relatively high prevalence and high levels of S. aureus, most likely originated during handling in Panama City retail markets. Further studies are needed to reduce bacterial contamination and to decrease the risk of food poisoning in the consumption of pasteurized cheese.

Antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella enterica isolated from exotic and indigenous leafy green vegetables in Accra, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinru Chen ◽  
Joycelyn Quansah
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Class 1

Fresh produce-borne enteric bacterial pathogens with resistance to antibiotics have posed serious challenges to food safety and public health worldwide.  This study examined the antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella enterica (n=33), previously isolated from exotic and indigenous leafy green vegetable samples (n=328) collected from 50 vegetable farms in 12 farming areas and 37 vegetable sellers in 4 market centers in Accra, Ghana during the period of March 2016 to March 2017, and determined the distribution of integrons among antibiotic-resistant isolates.  The susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates to 12 antibiotics was assayed using the standard disc diffusion assay.  The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the five most resisted antibiotics were determined using the twofold macro dilution method.  PCR assay was used to detect the presence of integrons in Salmonella cells, and PCR product with amplified integron gene cassette was purified and sequenced using the Sanger sequencing technology.  The Salmonella isolates used in the study resisted at least one tested antibiotic, and multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates were 30.3% (10/33).  Most isolates (81.8%) were resistant to sulfisoxazole.  The MICs of tetracycline, cefoxitin, streptomycin, ampicillin, and sulfisoxazole were 16, 32, 64, 64, and > 1,024 µg/ml, respectively.  A total of five different patterns of MDR were observed among the Salmonella isolates, and the common MDR patterns were AAuFox (30.3%) and AAuFoxSSu (18.1%).  One out of the 33 (3.0%) Salmonella isolates tested positive for class 1 integron with a gene cassette of about 800 bp.  Nucleotide sequencing revealed the class 1 integron carried a single gene dfrA7 .  Future studies are needed to confirm whether the consumption of contaminated leafy green vegetables is a route of acquiring antibiotic-resistant Salmonella by consumers in Accra, Ghana.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Strain UMB0843, Isolated from the Female Urinary Tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Purta ◽  
Taylor Miller-Ensminger ◽  
Adelina Voukadinova ◽  
Alan J. Wolfe ◽  
Catherine Putonti
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Urinary Tract ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Here, we introduce the 2.8-Mbp draft genome of Enterococcus faecalis strain UMB0843, isolated from the female urinary tract. E. faecalis is a leading cause of nosocomial infections, and many strains are often resistant to multiple antibiotics. We focus our genome analysis on the multiple genes involved in antibiotic resistance in this strain.

The effects of ultraviolet disinfection on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyu Wang ◽  
Minghao Sui ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Bojie Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Ultraviolet Disinfection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacterium ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Ultraviolet disinfection could effectively inactivate the antibiotic resistant bacterium vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis, but had a limited removal efficiency for the antibiotic resistance gene–vanB gene.

Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Retail Meat Products: Evaluation of Biofilm Formation Ability, Antibiotic Resistance, and Phylogenetic Group Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
ELENA BARILLI ◽  
ALICE VISMARRA ◽  
VIVIANA FRASCOLLA ◽  
MARTINA REGA ◽  
CRISTINA BACCI
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Retail Meat

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli is a ubiquitous organism capable of forming a biofilm. This is an important virulence factor and is critical in certain diseases and in the development of antibiotic resistance, which is increased by biofilm synthesis. In the present study, the potential health risk associated with handling and consumption of foods of animal origin contaminated with E. coli–producing biofilm was evaluated. We analyzed the ability of 182 E. coli strains isolated from pork, poultry, and beef, purchased in three different supermarkets in the area of the “Italian Food Valley” (Parma, northern Italy), to form biofilms. Positive strains were also tested for the presence of 12 biofilm-associated genes. Moreover, the 182 E. coli were characterized for antibiotic resistance, presence of multidrug resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase strains, and phylogenetic diversity through PCR. Twenty-five percent of the isolates produced biofilm. The majority showed weak adherence, five were moderate, and three were strong producers. E. coli with a strong adherence capability (three of three) harbored eight biofilm-associated genes, while weak and moderate producers harbored only five (frequencies ranging from 80 to 100%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 20 biofilm-producing E. coli, and 15 of these belonged to phylogenetic group D. Among nonbiofilm producers, the percentage of strains belonging to phylogenetic groups B2 and D was approximately 40%, highlighting a potential health risk for consumers and people handling contaminated products. The present study underlines the importance of monitoring the prevalence and characteristics of E. coli contaminating retail meat in relation to the potential virulence highlighted here. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals First Report of the Multidrug Resistance Genecfrin Enterococcus faecalis of Animal Origin

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1650-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Congming Wu ◽  
Zhangqi Shen ◽  
Stefan Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Recombination Process ◽  
Inverse Pcr ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTThe multiresistance genecfrwas identified for the first time in anEnterococcus faecalisisolate of animal origin. The 32,388-bp plasmid pEF-01, which carried thecfrgene, was sequenced completely. Three copies of the insertion sequence IS1216were identified in pEF-01, and the detection of acfr- and IS1216-containing amplicon by inverse PCR suggests that IS1216may play a role in the dissemination ofcfrby a recombination process.

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