Surface, interface, and thin-film magnetism

A comprehensive review and state of the art in the field of surface, interface, and thin-film magnetism is presented. New growth techniques which produce atomically engineered novel materials, special characterization techniques to measure magnetic properties of low-dimensional systems, and computational advances which allow large complex calculations have together stimulated the current activity in this field and opened new opportunities for research. The current status and issues in the area of material growth techniques and physical properties, characterization methods, and theoretical methods and ideas are reviewed. A fundamental understanding of surface, interface, and thin-film magnetism is of importance to many applications in magnetics technology, which is also surveyed. Questions of fundamental and technological interest that offer opportunities for exciting future research are identified.

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Beyond Intra-modality: A Survey of Heterogeneous Person Re-identification

Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence ◽

10.24963/ijcai.2020/692 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zheng Wang ◽

Zhixiang Wang ◽

Yinqiang Zheng ◽

Yang Wu ◽

Wenjun Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Video Analysis ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Future Research ◽

Low Resolution ◽

Research Directions ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Future Research Directions

An efficient and effective person re-identification (ReID) system relieves the users from painful and boring video watching and accelerates the process of video analysis. Recently, with the explosive demands of practical applications, a lot of research efforts have been dedicated to heterogeneous person re-identification (Hetero-ReID). In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art Hetero-ReID methods that address the challenge of inter-modality discrepancies. According to the application scenario, we classify the methods into four categories --- low-resolution, infrared, sketch, and text. We begin with an introduction of ReID, and make a comparison between Homogeneous ReID (Homo-ReID) and Hetero-ReID tasks. Then, we describe and compare existing datasets for performing evaluations, and survey the models that have been widely employed in Hetero-ReID. We also summarize and compare the representative approaches from two perspectives, i.e., the application scenario and the learning pipeline. We conclude by a discussion of some future research directions. Follow-up updates are available at https://github.com/lightChaserX/Awesome-Hetero-reID

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Experimental and numerical studies on design for deconstruction concrete connections: An overview

Advances in Structural Engineering ◽

10.1177/1369433218768000 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (14) ◽

pp. 2198-2214 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tao Ding ◽

Jianzhuang Xiao ◽

Qingtian Zhang ◽

Ali Akbarnezhad

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Structural Performance ◽

Future Research ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Considerable Potential ◽

Material Resources ◽

Numerical Studies ◽

Full Scale Tests ◽

Concrete Elements ◽

Design And Testing

This article presents an extensive overview of state of the art in design and testing of design for deconstruction concrete connections for concrete elements by reviewing and discussing the results of both experimental and numerical studies in this domain. In particular, characteristics and demonstrated behavior of precast dry beam-to-column concrete connections and beam-to-beam concrete connections that possess certain degree of demountability are critically reviewed. Furthermore, the mechanical behavior and structural performance of various design for deconstruction connections are compared and discussed. The comprehensive review presented in this study highlights considerable potential for minimizing the life cycle impact of buildings, especially with regard to energy and material resources, through application of design for deconstruction systems. The results presented in available literature provide a good degree of assurance with regard to safety and feasibility of implementation of design for deconstruction systems in practice. However, it is also revealed that full-scale tests conducted to evaluate the structural feasibility and construction effectiveness of design for deconstruction concrete connections are limited. Directions for future research are provided by discussing the identified challenges and limitations of design for deconstruction systems for concrete structures.

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Graph Neural Networks: Taxonomy, Advances, and Trends

ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology ◽

10.1145/3495161 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-54

Author(s):

Yu Zhou ◽

Haixia Zheng ◽

Xin Huang ◽

Shufeng Hao ◽

Dengao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Real World ◽

Research Community ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Graph Neural Networks ◽

Low Dimensional

Graph neural networks provide a powerful toolkit for embedding real-world graphs into low-dimensional spaces according to specific tasks. Up to now, there have been several surveys on this topic. However, they usually lay emphasis on different angles so that the readers cannot see a panorama of the graph neural networks. This survey aims to overcome this limitation and provide a systematic and comprehensive review on the graph neural networks. First of all, we provide a novel taxonomy for the graph neural networks, and then refer to up to 327 relevant literatures to show the panorama of the graph neural networks. All of them are classified into the corresponding categories. In order to drive the graph neural networks into a new stage, we summarize four future research directions so as to overcome the challenges faced. It is expected that more and more scholars can understand and exploit the graph neural networks and use them in their research community.

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Cybersecurity of Microgrid: State-of-the-Art Review and Possible Directions of Future Research

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11219812 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (21) ◽

pp. 9812

Author(s):

Norziana Jamil ◽

Qais Saif Qassim ◽

Farah Aqilah Bohani ◽

Muhamad Mansor ◽

Vigna Kumaran Ramachandaramurthy

Keyword(s):

Critical Infrastructure ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Future Research ◽

Electrical System ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Electrical Systems ◽

Wide Range ◽

Future Work ◽

The Impact

The infrastructure of and processes involved in a microgrid electrical system require advanced technology to facilitate connection among its various components in order to provide the intelligence and automation that can benefit users. As a consequence, the microgrid has vulnerabilities that can expose it to a wide range of attacks. If they are not adequately addressed, these vulnerabilities may have a destructive impact on a country’s critical infrastructure and economy. While the impact of exploiting vulnerabilities in them is understood, research on the cybersecurity of microgrids is inadequate. This paper provides a comprehensive review of microgrid cybersecurity. In particular, it (1) reviews the state-of-the-art microgrid electrical systems, communication protocols, standards, and vulnerabilities while highlighting prevalent solutions to cybersecurity-related issues in them; (2) provides recommendations to enhance the security of these systems by segregating layers of the microgrid, and (3) identifies the gap in research in the area, and suggests directions for future work to enhance the cybersecurity of microgrids.

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Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Sign Language

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21175843 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (17) ◽

pp. 5843

Author(s):

Ilias Papastratis ◽

Christos Chatzikonstantinou ◽

Dimitrios Konstantinidis ◽

Kosmas Dimitropoulos ◽

Petros Daras

Keyword(s):

Sign Language ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Research Direction ◽

Hearing Impaired ◽

Future Research ◽

Future Research Direction ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Impaired People ◽

Language Technologies

AI technologies can play an important role in breaking down the communication barriers of deaf or hearing-impaired people with other communities, contributing significantly to their social inclusion. Recent advances in both sensing technologies and AI algorithms have paved the way for the development of various applications aiming at fulfilling the needs of deaf and hearing-impaired communities. To this end, this survey aims to provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art methods in sign language capturing, recognition, translation and representation, pinpointing their advantages and limitations. In addition, the survey presents a number of applications, while it discusses the main challenges in the field of sign language technologies. Future research direction are also proposed in order to assist prospective researchers towards further advancing the field.

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Shape Memory Polymers: A Potential Material for Future’s Changing Shape

ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/smasis2010-3709 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Jinsong Leng ◽

Yanju Liu ◽

Shanyi Du

Keyword(s):

Shape Memory ◽

Smart Materials ◽

Low Cost ◽

Critical Role ◽

Shape Memory Polymers ◽

Future Research ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Good Shape ◽

Fundamental Understanding ◽

Macroscopic Deformation

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) undergo significant macroscopic deformation upon the application of an external stimulus. As a novel and promising kind of smart materials, they have been widely researched since the 1980s. SMPs present many potential technical advantages that surpass those of shape memory alloys and shape memory ceramics such as good shape recoverability, low density, ease in processing and in tailoring of properties (e.g., transition temperature, stiffness, bio-degradability, and ease of functionally grading), programmability and controllability of recovery behavior, and most importantly, low cost. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of SMPs, encompassing a fundamental understanding of the shape memory of SMPs. The synthesis of SMPs is presented firstly. In order to realize the actuation of SMPs for a special application, the investigation of actuations in multi ways are performed, namely electroactive SMPs, light-responsive SMPs, magnetism-induced SMPs, and chemo-responsive SMPs. These novel actuation approaches play a critical role in the development of multifunctional materials that not only exhibit the shape memory effect but also perform particular functions. Based on the unique properties of such materials, primary applications are also listed, and the potential directions and applications of SMPs are proposed to be developed in future research.

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A Comprehensive Review on the Development of Car Booster Seats for Children

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v38i130345 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Ibun Nuraresya ◽

Umar Nirmal ◽

P. K. Ng

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Future Research ◽

Traffic Fatalities ◽

Safety Factors ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past ◽

Area Of Interest ◽

Booster Seats ◽

New Research

Over the past decade there has been a deeply troubling increase in the number of vehicle traffic fatalities involving children. Owing to this, many researchers have contributed to research and development on car booster seats for children. In view of this, the current work encompasses a compilation of articles reviewed on car booster seats for children ranging from the years 1988 to 2018. Further than that, this work also provides information relating to the varying designs and specifications of car booster seats. Concurrently, the writers also propose potential future research that could be undertaken in relation to the developments in child car booster seats, which in turn may allow for new research pathways in this area of interest. Finally, taking into consideration the design and safety factors of the current market trend car booster seats for children, the writers also propose possible state of the art car booster seats for various applications.

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Microencapsulation for the Therapeutic Delivery of Drugs, Live Mammalian and Bacterial Cells, and Other Biopharmaceutics: Current Status and Future Directions

Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1155/2013/103527 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Catherine Tomaro-Duchesneau ◽

Shyamali Saha ◽

Meenakshi Malhotra ◽

Imen Kahouli ◽

Satya Prakash

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Cells ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Current Status ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Future Directions ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Therapeutic Delivery ◽

Physical Chemical

Microencapsulation is a technology that has shown significant promise in biotherapeutics, and other applications. It has been proven useful in the immobilization of drugs, live mammalian and bacterial cells and other cells, and other biopharmaceutics molecules, as it can provide material structuration, protection of the enclosed product, and controlled release of the encapsulated contents, all of which can ensure efficient and safe therapeutic effects. This paper is a comprehensive review of microencapsulation and its latest developments in the field. It provides a comprehensive overview of the technology and primary goals of microencapsulation and discusses various processes and techniques involved in microencapsulation including physical, chemical, physicochemical, and other methods involved. It also summarizes the state-of-the-art successes of microencapsulation, specifically with regard to the encapsulation of microorganisms, mammalian cells, drugs, and other biopharmaceutics in various diseases. The limitations and future directions of microencapsulation technologies are also discussed.

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