Effects of heat treatment on Ag particle growth and optical properties in Ag/SiO2 glass composite thin films

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Tanahashi ◽  
M. Yoshida ◽  
Y. Manabe ◽  
T. Tohda
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ag Particle ◽  
Deposited Film

Small Ag particles were embedded in SiO2 glass thin films by a multi-target sputtering method. The mean diameter of Ag particles in the as-deposited film with 28.0 at. % of Ag was estimated to be 4.4 nm and it was increased to 24.0 nm when the film was heat-treated at 700 °C for 3 h. The diameter was proportional to the cube root of the heat-treatment time, suggesting that the Ag particles grew in the supersaturated solid solution. In the optical absorption spectra of the heat-treated films, the absorption peak due to the surface plasmon resonance of Ag particles was observed about 410 nm. The peak intensity became large and the full width at half maximum of the absorption band was decreased with increasing the diameter of Ag particles.

CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Au/SiO2 COMPOSITE THIN FILMS

1996 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1071-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. TANAHASHI ◽  
M. YOSHIDA ◽  
Y. MANABE ◽  
T. TOHDA
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Composite Thin Films ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Particle Layer ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Deposited Film

Au/SiO 2 composite thin films were prepared by a multitarget sputtering method. The multilayer structure where the Au-particle layer was sandwiched between SiO 2 layer was clearly observed in the as-deposited film by the cross-sectional TEM. The diameter of the Au particles in the film was estimated to be 2–3 nm and it began to increase when the film was heat-treated above 700° C. The diameter was proportional to the cube root of the heat-treatment time, suggesting that the Au particles grew in the supersaturated solid solution. In the optical absorption spectra of the films, the absorption peak due to the surface-plasmon resonance of Au particles was observed at the wavelength of 528–544 nm. With increasing mean diameter of Au particles, the peak intensity became large and the full-width-at-half-maximum of the absorption band was decreased from 130 nm to 80 nm.

Effect of Silver Content on the Crystalline Phase and Microstructure of TiO2 Coating Deposited on Unglazed Ceramics Tile

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 8179-8185
Author(s):  
N.Z. Hafizah ◽  
J. M. Juoi ◽  
M.R. Zulkifli ◽  
M.A. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Particle Growth ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Tio2 Coating ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
Tio2 Sol ◽  
Almost All

The synthesis of Ag-TiO2 coating using AgNO3 precursor is expected to give the properties as pure as Ag nanoparticles. Commonly, high concentration of Ag attributed to agglomeration of silver species and reduction to Ag0 particles on TiO2 surface. In contrast, at lower concentration, Ag species exist as AgO, Ag2O and Ag0. Hence, the exact amount of Ag, which can effectively control the particle growth and agglomeration, surface area, thermal stability and band gap of the TiO2 coating, are still vague and stated differently. In the present study, the effect of Ag content on the phase transformation and surface morphology of Ag-TiO2 coating were reported. TiO2 sol were prepared by incorporating Ag at 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mol % and deposited on unglazed ceramic tiles thru five times dip coating. The deposited Ag-TiO2 coatings were heat treated at 500 °C for 1 hour soaking time. XRD analyses revealed that the deposited Ag-TiO2 coating consists of anatase, rutile, Ag2O and metallic Ag. Almost all the coating surfaces illustrated cracks. Increased Ag content lead to presence of tiny particles on the surfaces and EDX spectrum revealed the presence of Ti, O and metallic Ag particles. However, at the addition of 5 mol % Ag, there was no metallic Ag presence and a dense coating with the lowest thickness of ±11.4µm is observed.

Experiment Investigation for Design on the Sensitization-Dependent Passivation Characteristics of AL-6XN in 3.5% NaCl Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3984-3988
Author(s):  
Kwang-Hu Jung ◽  
Seong-Jong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Double Loop ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Degree Of Sensitization ◽  
Characteristic Values

The sensitization and passivation characteristics of AL-6XN heat-treated for up to 24 h at 800 °C were evaluated through double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation (2 M H2SO4 + 0.01 M KSCN +2 M NaCl solution) and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (3.5% NaCl solution) test methods. Furthermore, the dependence between the characteristic values (Epit, Erep, and degree of sensitization) was discussed. The σ phase was precipitated at the intergranular and intragranular in AL-6XN at 800 °C. When the heat treatment time exceeded 1 hour, AL-6XN occurred rapid sensitization due to the precipitation of σ phase. In a 3.5% NaCl solution, the passivation characteristics of AL-6XN with sensitivity were very poor and depended much on the degree of sensitization.

The Stability of γ ’-Co3(Al,W) Phase in Co-Al-W Ternary System

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Tsukamoto ◽  
Satoru Kobayashi ◽  
Takayuki Takasugi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Bulk Alloy ◽  
Epma Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Couple Method

The thermodynamic stability ’- Co3(Al,W) phase (L12) in the Co-Al-W ternary system at 900 °C was investigated through microstructure and EPMA analysis on a heat-treated bulk alloy. To promote microstructural evolution, the bulk alloy was cold rolled before heat treatment. By heating at 900 °C, the ’ phase was formed discontinuously in contact with the -Co (A1) phase. With increasing heat treatment time, however, the fraction of ’ phase decreased while that of , CoAl (B2) and Co3W (D019) phases increased. These results are consistent with our previous work with a diffusion-couple method, indicating that the ’ phase is metastable, and the three phases of, CoAl and Co3W are thermodynamically stable at 900 °C.

Copper-alumina materials made by infiltration in boehmite

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2271-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pierre ◽  
D. Pierre ◽  
A.C. Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Copper Acetate ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Direct Infiltration

New materials were made by infiltration of sol-gel boehmite thin films with copper acetate. The structure and phase transformation of these materials during heat treatment were studied. It was found that infiltration in the boehmite state did not end up in the same material as direct infiltration in the θ-alumina derived from boehmite, even after both types of materials were heat-treated at 900 °C. Infiltration in boehmite makes it possible to synthesize sandwich structures comprised of alternate layers of CuO and of γ-alumina.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Reactivity and Crystallinity of Coal-Char

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouyu Zhang ◽  
Junfu Lu ◽  
Jianmin Zhang ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Guangxi Yue
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Coal Char ◽  
Heat Treatment Time ◽  
Heat Treat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Layer Stacking ◽  
Crystalline Growth

The effect of heat treatment on the reactivity and crystallinity of char prepared from the vitrinite of two coals (YX, JJ) was investigated by using XRD and TGA in this paper. The results from TGA show that the reactivity of the chars from YXV and JJV decreases with the increase of heat treatment temperature. The reactivity of YXV char decreases quickly and significantly as heat treatment time increases. However, after heat treatment time of 60 min, it decreases slowly. The effect of heat treatment time on the reactivity of JJV char is small. The results from XRD show that the crystallinity of coal-char is determined by the intensity of heat treatment. When heat treatment time is more than 60 minutes, the turbostratic crystallite of YXV char prepared under 900°C changes remarkably and becomes more orderly. The aromatic layer stacking heights (Lc) of YXV Char when heat treated above 900°C increased with the increase of heat treatment time. The effect of heat treat time on Lc of JJV char is small, but under heat treatment temperature of 1200°C, the crystalline of JJV char grows distinctly. There is a good parallel relationship between the crystalline growth and deactivation of the chars. It can be concluded that the growth of the crystalline is the main reason for the deactivation of coal-char.

The Effect of Incomplete Solution Treatment on the Tensile Behavior and Mechanical Anisotropy of 2195 Aluminum Lithium Alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Wesley Walker ◽  
Rudolf Marloth ◽  
Ye Thura Hein ◽  
Omar S. Es-Said
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Tensile Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Anisotropy ◽  
Aluminum Lithium Alloy ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aluminum Lithium

This study aimed to characterize the effects of incomplete solution treatment time on the tensile behavior of 2195 Al-Li alloy. Two sets of plates of 2195 Al-Li alloy received solution heat treatment. One set received the prescribed treatment, held in the furnace for 30 minutes after the material had reached 507°C. The other set was in the furnace for only 30 minutes and did not reach 507°C until after about 15 to 20 minutes. Both set of plates were water quenched. Samples from the plates were then stretched 2.5-3% or 6%, rolled 6%, and rolled 24%, at 0°, 45°, and 90° relative to the rolling direction of the as-received material. The samples were aged at 143°C for 36 hours and air-cooled. Tensile specimens were milled out at 0°, 45°, and 90° relative to the original rolling direction. Tensile testing was performed on all samples. The incomplete heat treatment (incomplete solution treatment) resulted in a significant reduction in strength. This was probably due to the formation of fewer T1 precipitates after aging, thereby reducing the amount which could nucleate during cold work. The fully heat treated samples had higher percent yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongation.

Effect of heat treatment time on cycle performance of LiMn2O4 with “Nano Inclusion” for lithium ion batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (53) ◽  
pp. 42455-42460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shogo Esaki ◽  
Motoaki Nishijima ◽  
Shigeomi Takai ◽  
Takeshi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Heat Treatment Time ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Heat Treated

The cycle performance of LiMn2O4 with “Nano Inclusions” is higher than that of LiMn2O4 without “Nano Inclusions” and the discharge capacity of LiMn2O4 with “Nano Inclusions” heat-treated for 4 h surpassed that of LiMn2O4 without it at over 31 cycles.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Decay Resistance of Chinese Fir and Pine

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 1118-1122
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Li ◽  
Lan Xing Du ◽  
Gou Ying Hu ◽  
Xing Xia Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Heat Treatment Time ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus

To enhance decay resistance, the effect of heat treatment and the variation of chemical composition on Chinese Fir and Pine were investigated in this study — heat treatment temperature was 170°C, 190°C and 210°C, respectively, heat treatment time was 2, 3 and 4hours, respectively. Both of them were subsequently exposed to white-rot fungus and brown-rot fungus. The results showed that:(1) With the increasing of the heat treatment, decay resistance of Chinese Fir and Pine were improved, anti-corrosion of Pine after being heat treated at 190°C which were exposed to write-rot fungus can reach I, anti-corrosion of Chinese Fir after being heat treated at 170°C treated which were exposed to brown-rot fungus could reach I yet, After being heat treated at 210°C for 3 hours , the Chinese fir samples had no measurable weight loss when exposed to the write-rot fungus.(2) There was no remarkable influence on both Chinese Fir and Pine by heat treatment time.(3) The moisture content of Chinese Fir and Pine were lower than the moisture content that the rot fungus need, macromolecule chains such as cellulose and hemicellulose broke down, their contents decreased, and the hemicellulose decomposed into acetic acid, they prevented the growth of rot fungus.

Mechanical Properties of Sol-Gel Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Films in Nanoindentation

2006 ◽  
Vol 317-318 ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Q. Zhang ◽  
Atsunori Matsuda ◽  
Hiroyuki Muto ◽  
Mototsugu Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Heat Treatment Time ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Elastoplastic Properties ◽  
Heat Treated

Methylsilsesquioxane films were formed on glass substrates by dropping a sol prepared from methyltriethoxysilane and then heat-treated in an oven. Nanoindentation test was performed to assess the elastoplastic properties of the films, including the relative residual depth ξr, Meyer hardness HM, work-of-indentation WI and the elastic modulus E’. The values of ξr, HM and WI were obtained by a Berkovich indenter and E’ was determined by a spherical indenter on the basis of Hertz elastic theory. ξr decreased with the increase in the heat treatment time, whereas HM , WI and E’ significantly increased with the time. The changes in the mechanical properties with the heat treatment time well reflected the evolution of the Si-O-Si network structure in methylsilsequioxane film.

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