scholarly journals Atomic-scale design of radiation-tolerant nanocomposites

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 992-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Demkowicz ◽  
P. Bellon ◽  
B. D. Wirth
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Nanostructured Composite ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Defect Interactions ◽  
Scale Design ◽  
Radiation Tolerant

Recent work indicates that materials with nanoscale architectures, such as nanolayered Cu-Nb composites and nanoscale oxide dispersion-strengthened steels, are both thermally stable and offer improved performance under irradiation. Current understanding of the atomic-level response of such materials to radiation yields insights into how controlling composition, morphology, and interface-defect interactions may further enable atomic-scale design of radiation-tolerant nanostructured composite materials. With greater understanding of irradiation-assisted degradation mechanisms, this bottom-up design approach may pave the way for creating the extreme environment—tolerant structural materials needed to meet the world's clean energy demand by expanding use of advanced fission and future fusion power.

Direct ammonia fueled solid oxide fuel cells: A comprehensive review on challenges, opportunities and future outlooks

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Asmare ◽  
Mustafa Ilbas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Green Fuel

Nowadays, the most decisive challenges we are fronting are perfectly clean energy making for equitable and sustainable modern energy access, and battling the emerging alteration of the climate. This is because, carbon-rich fuels are the fundamental supply of utilized energy for strengthening human society, and it will be sustained in the near future. In connection with this, electrochemical technologies are an emerging and domineering tool for efficiently transforming the existing scarce fossil fuels and renewable energy sources into electric power with a trivial environmental impact. Compared with conventional power generation technologies, SOFC that operate at high temperature is emerging as a frontrunner to convert the fuels chemical energy into electric power and permits the deployment of varieties of fuels with negligible ecological destructions. According to this critical review, direct ammonia is obtained as a primary possible choice and price-effective green fuel for T-SOFCs. This is because T-SOFCs have higher volumetric power density, mechanically stable, and high thermal shocking resistance. Also, there is no sealing issue problem which is the chronic issues of the planar one. As a result, the toxicity of ammonia to use as a fuel is minimized if there may be a leakage during operation. It is portable and manageable that can be work everywhere when there is energy demand. Besides, manufacturing, onboard hydrogen deposition, and transportation infrastructure connected snags of hydrogen will be solved using ammonia. Ammonia is a low-priced carbon-neutral source of energy and has more stored volumetric energy compared with hydrogen. Yet, to utilize direct NH3 as a means of hydrogen carrier and an alternative green fuel in T-SOFCs practically determining the optimum operating temperatures, reactant flow rates, electrode porosities, pressure, the position of the anode, thickness and diameters of the tube are still requiring further improvement. Therefore, mathematical modeling ought to be developed to determine these parameters before planning for experimental work. Also, a performance comparison of AS, ES, and CS- T-SOFC powered with direct NH3 will be investigated and best-performed support will be carefully chosen for practical implementation and an experimental study will be conducted for verification based on optimum parameter values obtained from numerical modeling.

A Fuzzy Logic Controlled Single Axis Solar Tracking System

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 893-898
Author(s):  
Suneetha Racharla ◽  
K. Rajan ◽  
K.R. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Improved Performance

Recently renewable energy sources have gained much attention as a clean energy. But the main problem occurs with the varying nature with the day and season. Aim of this paper is to conserve the energy, of the natural resources. For solar energy resource, the output induced in the photovoltaic (PV) modules depends on solar radiation and temperature of the solar cells. To maximize the efficiency of the system it is necessary to track the path of sun in order to keep the panel perpendicular to the sun. This paper proposes the design and construction of a microcontroller-based solar panel tracking system. The fuzzy controller aims at maximizing the efficiency of PV panel by focusing the sunlight to incident perpendicularly to the panel. The system consists of a PV panel which can be operated with the help of DC motor, four LED sensors placed in different positions and a fuzzy controller which takes the input from sensors and gives output speed to motor. A prototype is fabricated to test the results and compared with the simulation results. The results show the improved performance by using a tracking system

scholarly journals Ethanol production using vegetable peels medium and the effective role of cellulolytic bacterial (Bacillus subtilis) pre-treatment

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Salman Khan Promon ◽  
Wasif Kamal ◽  
Shafkat Shamim Rahman ◽  
M. Mahboob Hossain ◽  
Naiyyum Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Alcohol Production

Background: The requirement of an alternative clean energy source is increasing with the elevating energy demand of modern age. Bioethanol is considered as an excellent candidate to satiate this demand.Methods:Yeast isolates were used for the production of bioethanol using cellulosic vegetable wastes as substrate. Efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol was achieved by the action of cellulolytic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis).  After proper isolation, identification and characterization of stress tolerances (thermo-, ethanol-, pH-, osmo- & sugar tolerance), optimization of physiochemical parameters for ethanol production by the yeast isolates was assessed. Very inexpensive and easily available raw materials (vegetable peels) were used as fermentation media. Fermentation was optimized with respect to temperature, reducing sugar concentration and pH.Results:It was observed that temperatures of 30°C and pH 6.0 were optimum for fermentation with a maximum yield of ethanol. The results indicated an overall increase in yields upon the pretreatment ofBacillus subtilis; maximum ethanol percentages for isolate SC1 obtained after 48-hour incubation under pretreated substrate was 14.17% in contrast to untreated media which yielded 6.21% after the same period. Isolate with the highest ethanol production capability was identified as members of the ethanol-producingSaccharomycesspecies after stress tolerance studies and biochemical characterization using Analytical Profile Index (API) ® 20C AUX and nitrate broth test. Introduction ofBacillus subtilisincreased the alcohol production rate from the fermentation of cellulosic materials.Conclusions:The study suggested that the kitchen waste can serve as an excellent raw material in ethanol fermentation.

scholarly journals Atomic-Scale Design of Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts: A Combined Computational Chemistry, Experimental, and Microkinetic Modeling Approach

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manos Mavrikakis ◽  
James A. Dumesic ◽  
Amit A. Gokhale ◽  
Rahul P. Nabar ◽  
Calvin H. Bartholomew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Chemistry ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Microkinetic Modeling ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Scale Design

scholarly journals Triacetoneamine-derivates (EvAs) for CO2-absorption from Process Gases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Kessler ◽  
Luciana Ninni ◽  
Dan Vasiliu ◽  
Amir Yazdani ◽  
Benjamin Willy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Foaming Behavior ◽  
Cut Method ◽  
Rate Of Absorption ◽  
Process Gases ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Solid Liquid

New amines for reactive absorption of CO2 from process gases were investigated in a comprehensive experimental screening. All studied amines are derivates of triacetoneamine and differ only in the substituent of the triacetoneamine ring structure. The amines are abbreviated by the acronym EvA with a consecutive number, designating the derivate. About 50 EvAs were considered in this work from which 26 were actually synthesized and investigated in aqueous solution.The following properties were studied: solubility of CO2, rate of absorption of CO2, liquid–liquid and solid–liquid equilibrium, foaming behavior, dynamic viscosity, and acid constants. The nine most promising EvAs were evaluated with the NoVa short-cut method (Vasiliu et al., 2020). The method yields estimates for the specific energy demand and recirculation rate for a given purification task. Two typical purification tasks were considered: the CO2-removal from natural gas and from synthesis gas, respectively. Some of the EvAs showed significantly improved performance compared to monoethanolamine (MEA) and a solvent-blend of methyl-diethanolamine and piperazine (MDEA/PZ).

Exploring the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on Algeria’s energy used and climate change based on Olduvai theory

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Industrial Civilization ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The Death of Industrial Civilization explains how the contemporary ecological crisis within industrial society is caused by the values inherent in unlimited economic growth and competitive materialism. It demonstrates the central role and importance of electricity, and what policy makers need to do in order to ensure that current and future systems remain reliable even as they are transformed by the rise of clean energy technologies. The novel COVID19 pandemic has created an unprecedented global health and economic crisis. The result of such a scenario is that energy demand contracts by 6%, the largest in 70 years in percentage terms and the largest ever in absolute terms. The impact of Covid19 on energy demand in 2020 would be more than seven times larger than the impact of the 2008 financial crisis on global energy demand and this is what the Olduvai theory is defined by e=energy production/population. It states that the life expectancy of Industrial Civilization is less than or equal to 100 years.

Considerations Regarding the Use of Fuel Cells in Combined Heat and Power for Stationary Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-275
Author(s):  
Andrei Mircea Bolboaca
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Polluting Emissions

Covering the energy demands under environmental protection and satisfying economic and social restrictions, together with decreasing polluting emissions, are impetuous necessities, considering that over half of the pollutant emissions released in the environment are the effect of the processes of electricity and heat production from the classic thermoelectric powerplant. Increasing energy efficiency and intensifying the use of alternative resources are key objectives of global policy. In this context, a range of new energy technologies has been developed, based on alternative energy conversion systems, which have recently been used more and more often for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat. An intensification of the use of combined energy production correlated with the tendency towards the use of clean energy resources can be helpful in achieving the global objectives of increasing fuel diversity and ensuring energy demand. The chapter aims at describing the fuel cell technology, in particular those of the SOFC type, used in the CHP for stationary applications.

scholarly journals Efficient and Secure Strategy for Energy Systems of Interconnected Farmers′ Associations to Meet Variable Energy Demand

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Maria Simona Raboaca ◽  
Nicu Bizon ◽  
Catalin Trufin ◽  
Florentina Magda Enescu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Development ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Strategic Objective ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Variable Energy

Since ancient times, agriculture has been one of the most important resources of national development. At a national level, clean energy is a strategic objective of Romania, in accordance with the EC directive 2016/30.11.2016 (“Clean Energy for All”). At a European level, the European Commission published in January 2019 the “Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030” strategy, highlighting the strategic importance of the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies. In this context, the synergy between the energy management of a hybrid energy system and blockchain technology, applied to farmers’ associations, represents a priority research direction in the field of information and communication technology, blockchain, and security. This paper presents the integration of the management of the energy produced by photovoltaic panels owned by farmers’ association, to support the variable energy demand (necessary for water pumps, charging stations of the electric agricultural machines, the animal farms, and the auxiliary equipment) based on the IoT, DLT, blockchain technologies and smart contracts applied to farmers associations registered as users of the SmartFarm platform.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document