Study of Thermal Oxide Solid-State Reaction on GaAs Surfaces

1991 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Lu ◽  
D. Chen ◽  
R. M. Osgood ◽  
D. V. Podlesnik
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Interface Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Thermal Reaction ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Thermal Oxide

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we will present a study of the thermal reaction of AsjOs with GaAs at temperatures below 550°C using monochromatic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (MXPS). A solid-state interface reaction of 4GaAs + 3AS2O5 → 2Ga2O3 + 3AS2O3 + 4As, which includes the usual native oxide thermal reaction: 2GaAs + AS2O3 → Ga2O3 + 4As, as well as a decomposition reaction AS2O5 → AS2O3 + O2 is responsible for the thermal reaction in this temperature range.

Chemical Structure of Native Oxide Grown on Hydrogenterminated Silicon Surfaces

1992 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takakura ◽  
T. Yasaka ◽  
S. Miyazaki ◽  
M. Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Oxide ◽  
Phonon Peak ◽  
Strained Bonds

ABSTRACTChemical bonding features and suboxide compositions in native oxide grown on chemically-cleaned hydrogen-terminated Si(100) surfaces stored in pure water have been studied by using surface sensitive infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The LO phonon peak for the native oxide is located at 1210cm−1, which is shifted to a significantly lower wavenumber side than the ultrathin thermal oxide peak at 1250cm−1. This is because an appreciable amount of SiHx bonds are incorporated in the native oxide/Si interface and such hydrogen termination in the network dramatically reduces strained bonds in the interface. Very weak Si2+ suboxide signal from the oxide grown in pure water is also explained by the incorporated SiHx bonds which interrupt the Si2+ suboxide formation in the interface.

High temperature X-ray diffraction studies of the decomposition mechanism of YBa2Cu3O7−δ at an oxygen partial pressure less than 10 Pa

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Pitschke ◽  
W. Bieger ◽  
G. Krabbes ◽  
U. Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Peritectic Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Primary Decomposition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The crystallographic data of YBa2Cu3O7−δ, Y2BaCuO5, BaCu2O2, and YBa4Cu3O9 at high temperatures and p(O2)<10 Pa have been derived on the basis of HT-XRD measurements. Whereas Y2BaCuO5 expands nearly isotropically, YBa2Cu3O7−δ and BaCu2O2 show anisotropic expansions. Furthermore, the first decomposition step of the considered compounds at p(O2)<10 Pa was observed. BaCu2O2 melts congruently at T ≍ 1273 K and Y2BaCuO5 decomposes via a peritectic reaction into Y2O3, Y2BaO4 and melts at T ≍ 1323 K. A solid-state reaction into Y2BaCuO5 and BaCu2O2 was indicated for YBa2Cu3O7−δ at T ≍ 1123 K. Because YBa4Cu3O9 becomes unstable at T ≍ 1123 K, this compound cannot be formed by the primary decomposition reaction of YBa2Cu3O7−δ

Facile Fabrication of Nanosized Nickel Powder via Solid-State Reaction at Low Heat and its Catalytic Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1235-1241
Author(s):  
Liu Hong ◽  
Wu Bin ◽  
Feng Cheng Tao ◽  
Qin Xia
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nickel Powders ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Raney Ni ◽  
Facile Fabrication

Nano-Nickel (Ni0) powders have been successfully prepared via the reduction of nanosized NiO powders by the solid state reaction. And the nanosized NiO powders were derived from low temperature (350°C) calcinations in muffle in air of nanosized Ni(OH)2 powders firstly prepared by the room temperature solid state reaction between NiSO4•6H2O and NaOH by H2 at 400°C for 4 h. The crystallinity, microstructure of surface and xps property of obtained nickel powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the catalytic activity of the obtained nanosized Ni powders for hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline was investigated. The results show that the spherical Ni parepared in particle sizes ranges from 20 to 25 nm and achieves enhanced catalytic activity for hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline compared with Raney Ni.

The solid-state reaction of a functionalised polypyrrole; analysis using high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Cooper ◽  
A. Glidle ◽  
A. R. Hillman ◽  
M. D. Ingram ◽  
C. Ryder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray

Surface composition of the phases formed by solid state reaction at the interface studied by low energy ion scattering and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 412-413 ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Spolveri ◽  
Andrea Atrei ◽  
Brunetto Cortigiani ◽  
Ugo Bardi ◽  
Alessandro Santucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ion Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Energy Ion Scattering

Correlation between structure, surface defect chemistry and O18/O16 exchange for La2Mo2O9 and La2(MoO4)3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Porotnikova ◽  
Maxim I. Vlasov ◽  
Yuri Zhukov ◽  
Christian Kirschfeld ◽  
Anna Khodimchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Defect ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Defect Chemistry ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Surface

The La2Mo2O9 and La2(MoO4)3 powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method and were used to prepare dense ceramics. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the chemical composition and...

scholarly journals Formation of CoAl2O4Nanoparticles via Low-Temperature Solid-State Reaction of Fine Gibbsite and Cobalt Precursor

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natpakan Srisawad ◽  
Wasu Chaitree ◽  
Okorn Mekasuwandumrong ◽  
Piyasan Praserthdam ◽  
Joongjai Panpranot
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cobalt Chloride ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate

Nanocrystalline cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4) was synthesized by the solid-state reaction method with cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2 · 6H2O) as the source of Co and gibbsite (Al(OH)3) as the source of Al, respectively. The effects of particle size of the starting fine gibbsite (0.6 and 13 μm) and calcination temperatures (450, 550, and 650°C) on the properties of CoAl2O4were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry analysis and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Increasing of calcination temperature promoted the insertion amounts of Co2+in alumina matrix in CoAl2O4structure, which resulted in the brighter blue particles and increasing of UV spectra band. The lowest temperature for the formation of nanocrystalline CoAl2O4particles was 550°C for the solid-state reaction of cobalt chloride and 0.6 μm fine gibbsite.

The Solid State Displacement Reaction CsCl + Nal → Csl + NaCl

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Massarotti ◽  
Giorgio Flor ◽  
Riccardo Riccardi
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Displacement Reaction ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Rate Determining Step

Abstract The solid state reaction CsCl+Nal → CsI+NaCl was investigated, employing diffusion couples with two different contents of divalent cation impurities, in the temperature range 350-419 °C. From kinetic determinations, inert marker experiments and X-ray diffraction analysis it was possible to deduce that the rate − determining step is the diffusion of I- in CsI via VI.

X-ray Structure Refinement and Vibrational Spectroscopy of Ca8Gd2 (PO4)6 O2

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 719-726
Author(s):  
R. Ayadi ◽  
Mohamed Boujelbene ◽  
T. Mhiri
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
General Formula ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Structure Refinement ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Cell Group ◽  
X Ray

The present paper is interested in the study of compounds from the apatite family with the general formula Ca10 (PO4)6A2. It particularly brings to light the exploitation of the distinctive stereochemistries of two Ca positions in apatite. In fact, Gd-Bearing oxyapatiteCa8 Gd2 (PO4)6O2 has been synthesized by solid state reaction and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. The site occupancies of substituents is0.3333 in Gd and 0.3333 for Ca in the Ca(1) position and 0. 5 for Gd in the Ca (2) position.  Besides, the observed frequencies in the Raman and infrared spectra were explained and discussed on the basis of unit-cell group analyses.

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