The C14-to-C15 Transformation in Cr2Hf

1994 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kumar ◽  
P. M. Hazzledine
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Order Structures

AbstractThree alloys, single-phase Cr2Hf, a two-phase alloy consisting of Cr solid solution and Cr2Hf, and a two-phase alloy consisting of Hf solid solution and Cr2Hf were cast and heat treated. The C14-to- C15 transformation of the Laves phase, Cr2Hf was studied as a function of heat treatment. According to the existing phase diagram, the Cr2Hf phase exhibits a C14 structure at elevated temperature but transforms to the C15 structure at lower temperatures. Such transformations are known to be extremely sluggish. In the present study, the Cr2Hf phase was found to retain the C14 structure at room temperature in all three compositions in the cast or cast and forged conditions; upon subsequent heat-treatment at various temperatures and time-at-temperatures, however, the C14 structure decomposes to a variety of higher order structures including the 16H, 10H, and 4H structures. These superstructures can be viewed as containing various percentages of the cubic and hexagonal stacking. The C15 structure was not observed for any of the conditions considered.

Tensile and Creep Behavior of Ordered Orthorhombic Ti2A1Nb-Based Alloys

1990 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Rowe ◽  
D.G. Konitzer ◽  
A.P. Woodfield ◽  
J.C. Chesnutt
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Aluminide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Creep Properties ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Titanium Aluminide Alloys

ABSTRACTTitanium aluminide alloys with compositions near Ti-25A1-25Nb at.% were prepared by both rapid solidification and ingot techniques. Their tensile and creep properties were studied after heat treatment to produce various microstructures containing ordered orthorhombic (O) [1], ordered beta (βo), and α2 phases. It was found that these alloys had higher specific strength from room temperature to 760°C than conventional α2 alloys. Ductility and tensile strength of O+βo alloys were strongly dependent upon heat treatment, with the highest strength observed as-heat-treated, and the highest ductility after long term aging. The creep resistance of single phase O and two phase O+βo alloys was strongly dependent upon heat treatment.

Tensile Property Improvements of Spinodal Cu-15Ni-8Sn by Two-Phase Heat Treatment

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Louzon
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Slow Kinetics ◽  
Increased Strength ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Phase Solution ◽  
Strength And Ductility

A heat treatment has been developed which produces significant improvements in the tensile properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn spinodal alloy. The treatment involves solution heat treatment in the two-phase region rather than the single-phase region normally used. After quenching and aging, increased strength and ductility of the alloy over single phase solution heat-treated and aged values were found. The mechanical properties obtained were superior to any previously observed for material of the compositions studied in the solution treated, quenched, and aged condition. Also, the alloys’ transformation kinetics were greatly slowed by the two phase heat-treatment. It is suggested that the increase in strength and slow kinetics of transformation observed are caused by grain size effects and by grain boundary modifications. Resistivity data and etching response corroborate these arguments.

Processing and Mechanical Properties of RuAl-Based Alloys

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 1469-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Reynolds ◽  
M. Acosta ◽  
David R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cyclic Oxidation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Tensile Ductility ◽  
Tensile Behavior ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Temperature Fracture

Alloys of Ru-Al-Cr with compositions between Ru-10Al-35Cr and Ru-3Al-39Cr (at.%) were directionally solidified and heat treated to produce single phase hcp-Ru(Cr,Al) and two phase B2-hcp microstructures. The room temperature fracture toughness, tensile behavior, and cyclic oxidation behavior at 1100°C were investigated and compared to previous results measured from RuAl and Ru-Al-Mo alloys. For microstructures consisting of a Ru(Cr,Al) matrix with fine RuAl precipitate, a good room temperature fracture toughness, tensile ductility, and oxidation resistance at 1100°C were measured.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Ductility of Ni(γ)/Ni3Al(γ') Two-phase Alloy Foils

2006 ◽  
Vol 980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motonori Nakamura ◽  
Masahiko Demura ◽  
Ya Xu ◽  
Toshiyuki Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

AbstractThe microstructures and room-temperature tensile properties were examined in the 95% cold-rolled and subsequently heat-treated foils of the boron-free Ni(γ)/Ni3Al(γ') two-phase (Ni-18at.%Al) alloys. The electron backscatter diffraction measurements revealed that the recrystallization started at 873 K/0.5 h and that it completed at 1273 K/0.5 h. While the foils showed no tensile elongation in the cold-rolled state, they became ductile after the heat-treatments at 873 K and above. The tensile elongation increased with the increasing heat-treatment temperature: it reached to 14% at 1273 K/0.5 h. The tensile elongation and the fracture strength were high, compared to those in the γ' single-phase foils. The fracture mode was intergranular, and it changed to a mix of intergranular and transgranular in the foils heat-treated at 1273 K/0.5 h, where the area fraction of crack resistant boundaries such as °1, °3 and °9 was high, 0.63. The high ductility was ascribed to the existence of the ductile γ matrix and to the high fraction of crack-resistant boundaries.

Effect of copper incorporation on phase transformation behavior of electroless nickel–phosphorous coating and its effect on the tribological behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 146442072098160
Author(s):  
Abhijit Biswas ◽  
Suman Kalyan Das ◽  
Prasanta Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Electroless Nickel ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Copper

The microstructural changes of electroless Ni–P–Cu coating at various heat-treatment conditions are investigated to understand its implications on the tribological behavior of the coating. Coatings are heat-treated at temperatures ranging between 200°C and 800 °C and for 1–4 h duration. Ni–P–Cu coatings exhibit two-phase transformations in the temperature range of 350–450 °C and the resulting microstructural changes are found to significantly affect their thermal stability and tribological attributes. Hardness of the coating doubles when heat-treated at 452 °C, due to the formation of harder Ni3P phase and crystalline NiCu. Better friction and wear performance are also noted upon heat treatment of the coating at the phase transformation regime, particularly at 400 °C. Wear mechanism is characterized by a mixed adhesive cum abrasive wear phenomena. Heat treatment at higher temperature (600 °C and above) and longer duration (4 h) results in grain coarsening phenomenon, which negatively influences the hardness and tribological characteristics of the coating. Besides, diffusion of iron from the ferrous substrate as well as greater oxide formation are noticed when the coating is heat-treated at higher temperatures and for longer durations (4 h).

Structure and Hardness of Cryorolled and Heat-Treated 2xxx Aluminum Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 667-669 ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
S.V. Krymskiy ◽  
Elena Avtokratova ◽  
M.V. Markushev ◽  
Maxim Yu. Murashkin ◽  
O.S. Sitdikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Aging Response ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aluminum Solid Solution ◽  
A Cell

The effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) by isothermal rolling at the temperature of liquid nitrogen combined with prior- and post-SPD heat treatment, on microstructure and hardness of Al-4.4%Cu-1.4%Mg-0.7%Mn (D16) alloy were investigated. It was found no nanostructuring even after straining to 75%. Сryodeformation leads to microshear banding and processing the high-density dislocation substructures with a cell size of ~ 100-200 nm. Such a structure remains almost stable under 1 hr annealing up to 200oC and with further temperature increase initially transforms to bimodal with a small fraction of nanograins and then to uniform coarse grained one. It is found the change in the alloy post–SPD aging response leading to more active decomposition of the preliminary supersaturated aluminum solid solution, and to the alloy extra hardening under aging with shorter times and at lower temperatures compared to T6 temper.

scholarly journals Investigation of Atmospheric Moisture during Heat Treatment of Glass Fibres

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jenkins ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
James Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
Glass Fibres ◽  
Alternative Theories

The tensile strength of single water-sized E-glass fibres that were thermally conditioned, either in air or under vacuum, was investigated. The vacuum removed water from the conditioning atmosphere, as well as the fibre surfaces, at room temperature but retained tensile strength of fibres treated in the absence of water were not significantly different from those thermally conditioned in a standard air furnace. The results suggest that water, either in the treatment atmosphere or on the surface of the fibres, is not a significant factor in fundamental glass fibre strength loss at an elevated temperature. It may, therefore, be necessary to consider alternative theories to explain this strength loss.

Designing room-temperature multiferroic materials in a single-phase solid-solution film

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (36) ◽  
pp. 365001 ◽  
Author(s):  
H J Mao ◽  
C Song ◽  
B Cui ◽  
J J Peng ◽  
F Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Multiferroic Materials ◽  
Solid Solution Film

Low-Temperature Mechanical Alloying Of Cu-Fe and Cu-Ta Powders

1997 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-H. He ◽  
E. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Forced Mixing ◽  
Single Phase Formation ◽  
Nonequilibrium Vacancies

ABSTRACTA model analysis is presented which explains ball-milling induced alloying in positive-heatof- mixing systems in terms of a dynamic balance between externally forced mixing and thermal phase decomposition mediated by deformation-enhanced population of defects. The possibility of eliminating the thermal decomposition to force single phase formation is examined by milling Cu- Fe and Cu-Ta powder mixtures at the liquid nitrogen temperature (LN2T). Over a range of compositions for Cu-Fe and almost the entire composition range for Cu-Ta, the two-phase region observed for room-temperature (RT) milling persisted after cryomilling. The moderate temperature dependence of milling-induced alloying is interpreted by analyzing the dynamics of the generation and annihilation of the nonequilibrium vacancies during deformation and impacts in a SPEX mill.

The Creep Deformation and Elevated Temperature Microstructural Stability of a Two-Phase TiAl/Ti3Al Lamellar Alloy.

1994 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Bartholomeusz ◽  
J. A. Wert
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Creep Rate ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Creep Deformation ◽  
Minimum Creep Rate ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Lamellar Microstructure ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Individual

AbstractEnhanced work hardening of the phases in the lamellar microstructure has been cited as an explanation for the lower minimum creep rates of a two-phase TiAl/Ti3Al lamellar alloy compared with the minimum creep rates of the individual TiAl and Ti3Al single-phase alloys tested between 980 K and 1130 K. This proposition is confirmed by TEM observations. Thermal and thermomechanical exposure result in the microstructural evolution, which increases the minimum creep rate (εmin) of the lamellar alloy. The effect of microstructural evolution on εmin will be discussed in the present paper.

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