scholarly journals Relevant problems of classification of anorectal malformations in children in modern conditions (literature review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
O. Dzham ◽  
◽  
O. Sliepov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Criteria ◽  
The World ◽  
Pouch Colon ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Second World

Given the diversity of anatomical and functional manifestations of congenital anorectal malformations, the most relevant remains development of classification of this pathology, for the same understanding by doctors of the manifestations of this defect and developing optimal common criteria for treatment tactics and strategies. The paper presents historical and current information on the classification of anorectal malformations in children. The main contradictory issues of the existing classifications are identified. The relevance of the use of Krickenbeck classification in the treatment of these defects is highlighted. Under the influence of different colorectal schools, historically, different educational and methodological approaches to the treatment of anorectal malformations. The first International Congress of Pediatric Surgeons was held in Melbourne, Australia, in 1970. The Melbourne meeting established an international classification of anorectal malformations. It was based on the development of defects at the stages of embryogenesis and their division by sex. Also, they are divided into: low, intermediate and high anorectal malformations. The second World Meeting of Pediatric Surgeons was held in Wingspread, Wisconsin, USA, in 1984, when F. D. Stephens and E. Smith, with a group of experts from around the world, proposed a detailed PAHR classification. The advantage of the Wingspread classification was that it could be used to predict the most optimal surgical treatment for various variants of anorectal defects. The third international conference on the development of standards for the treatment of congenital anorectal malformations took place in Krickenbeck, Germany, in 2005. This conference radically changed the latter classification, removing the terms «low», «intermediate» and «high» and the differences between female and male anomalies. The assessment depended on the presence and type of fistula. The reason for adopting such a classification was the great difficulty in comparing the results of different operations according to the old Wingspread classification. The peculiarity of this classification is the great contribution of colleagues from the Indian and Asian subcontinents to the surgical treatment of several anomalies, in particular: Pouch colon, which are rare in other countries. Today, pediatric surgeons in Ukraine generally do not use the Krickenbeck classification, despite the fact that it is generally accepted in most countries. This leads to the application of different approaches to the surgical treatment of congenital anorectal malformations, which emphasizes the relevance of further study of this issue. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. Key words: congenital anorectal malformation, classification, children.

Swarm Intelligence Methods for Unsupervised Images Classification

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadj Ahmed Bouarara ◽  
Yasmin Bouarara
Keyword(s):  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Artificial Immune System ◽  
Image Representation ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Image Clustering ◽  
Image Mining ◽  
Artificial Immune ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

Nowadays, Google estimates that more than 1000 billion the number of images on the internet where the classification of this type of data represents a big problem in the scientific community. Several techniques have been proposed belonging to the world of image-mining. The substance of our work is the application of swarm intelligence methods for the unsupervised image classification (UIC) problem following four steps: image digitalization by developing a new representation approach in order to transform each image into a set of term (set of pixels); image clustering using three methods: firstly a distances combination by social worker bees (DC-SWBs) based on the principle of filtering where each image must successfully pass three filters, secondly Artificial social spiders (ASS) method based on the silky structure and the principle of weaving and the third method called artificial immune system (AIS); For the authors' experiment they use the benchmark MuHavi with changing for each test the configuration (image representation, distance measures and threshold).

scholarly journals SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEMORRHOIDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
S. M. Vasilyuk ◽  
A. G. Shevchuk ◽  
V. I. Gudyvok ◽  
I. R. Labiak ◽  
S. S. Sidoruk
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Laser Coagulation ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Early Postoperative Complications ◽  
Open Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
The World ◽  
Median Period ◽  
Closed Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Symmary. About 300 surgical treatments for hemorrhoids are known now. The most common method in the world remains the Milligan-Morgan operation and its numerous modifications. These surgical interventions are essential in the choice of surgical treatment for chronic hemorrhoids. However, both open and closed hemorrhoidectomy have their disadvantages. Purpose. To study the effectiveness of various surgical treatments for patients with chronic hemorrhoids using a laser coagulator. Materials and methods. We conducted a clinical examination and treatment of 140 patients with chronic grade III-IV hemorrhoids by Goligher. All patients were presentably divided into three groups. The first group included 60 patients who had classic open hemorrhoidectomy - the Milligan-Morgan operation. The second group included 40 patients in whom had surgical treatment with a laser coagulator - laser open hemorrhoidectomy. The third group consisted of 40 patients who underwent laser open hemorrhoidectomy, supplemented with laser transcutaneous submucosal mucopexia. Results and discussion. Analyzing the indicators of pain in different groups of patients at different postoperative period, we found that on the first postoperative day the classic Milligan-Morgan surgery, the was most uncomfortable procedure (the first group of patients). Among the patients in the second and third groups there were no people who rated pain above 7 points. In the first group, the median period of first defecation was in 5.0 days. As for in patients of the second group, the first defecation was observed in terms of the 3-5 days with a median of 4.0 days. A similar indicator was observed in patients of the third group. Patients in the second and third groups did not indicate severe pain during the first act of defecation. The anal hematoma was found only in patients of the first group (p<0.01). Anal infiltration occurred in 12.5±5.23 % in the third group (p<0.01). Infections of wounds were not found in any group. Conclusion. Laser open hemorrhoidectomy is an effective method of surgical treatment of patients with chronic hemorrhoids. However, like the classic open hemorrhoidectomy Milligan-Morgan, it allows to eliminate only pathological substrate (cavernous bodies). To prevent recurrence of the disease, it should be supplemented with laser transcutaneous submucosal mucopexia. Analysis of cases of early postoperative complications showed that the classic Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy, compared with intraoperative laser coagulation, had a significantly higher frequency (p<0.001).

scholarly journals Most Innovative Asia-Pacific Universities

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Obaid Al-Youbi ◽  
Adnan Hamza Mohammad Zahed ◽  
Mahmoud Nadim Nahas ◽  
Ahmad Abousree Hegazy
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Branch Campuses ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

AbstractDespite of the political instability in South Korea, there are strong and solid relations between universities and industry. These relations continue to lead economic growth and technical innovation in this country. This is the conclusion reached by Reuters in the third annual classification of Asian and Pacific universities, working on achieving progress in sciences and creating new technologies [29]. Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, currently known as KAIST, is ranked the first for the third year in a row. Historically speaking, KAIST is the oldest Korean university dedicated for research, sciences, and engineering. It has three branch campuses in the following cities: Daejeon, Seoul, and Busan. The university produces a large number of innovations and applies for more patents than the other 75 universities on the list. In addition, researchers all over the world cite highly the research and patents of this university.

“...I Would Like to Publish the Third Volume of My Microlanguages”: (To the Philological Portrait of Professor A.D. Dulichenko)

Rusin ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 206-229
Author(s):  
O.V. Nikitin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The Third ◽  
National Tradition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Written Traditions ◽  
Traditional Understanding

The article tells about the life and professional activities of the famous Slavist A.D. Dulichenko. Focusing on his interest in the study of micro-languages, the author emphasizes the influence of the national tradition on the formation of an approach to the study of linguistic rarities. In the overview of Professor Dulichenko’s main achievements in Russian studies, the author emphasizes his contribution to the world Slavic studies and the study of the languages of Slavia in the cultural space of traditions and times. Evaluating Dulichenko’s research in terms of the Humanities in the 21st century, the author draws attention to the multidimensional nature of his research method as well as polyglotticism, and deep knowledge of regional characteristics of microlanguages. Drawing on numerous books by Dulichenko, namely Introduction to Slavic Philology, which was the first to include detailed information about the Rusin and other minor languages and make it part of the syllabus for Philology in Russia, the author concludes that it is necessary to revise the traditional understanding of this discipline in higher education. The author pays special attention to the Compendium- Reader on Slavic Microlanguages – documentary evidence of the diversity of Slavia in its written traditions and oral forms of expression. Analyzing the structure of the book and highlighting its conceptual provisions, the author actualizes Dulichenko’s ideas about the status of literary microlanguages and their place in the classification of Slavic languages.

METAPHORICAL COMPARISONS WITH THE COLOR STANDARD (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN LITERARY DISCOURSE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-59
Author(s):  
Marina V. RUMYANTSEVA
Keyword(s):  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
The Third ◽  
Color Standard ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Function ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Modern linguistic studies of cultural manifestations of different ethnic groups that found their place in the language prove that language affects how a person perceives the world around him or her. The language creates a naive picture of the world, which is based on popular wisdom and knowledge of cultural ethnic or universal human norms and traditions. This picture has its own unique laws, different from the scientific picture of the world, dictates its own categories of space and time, as well as color and function. This article presents a linguoculturological analysis of metaphorical comparisons with a color standard to identify regular metaphorization models, the frequency of choice of a particular comparison agent, which indicates a subject of thought that does not have a conventional color meaning in the language. This study focuses on metaphoric coloratives in Russian fiction of the 20th century. The metaphorical comparisons-coloratives were selected by continuous sampling in the amount of 275 units, while the analysis covered lexemes-agents. The results show that the main colors of figurative comparisons-coloratives of the literary discourse were yellow, red, white, black, brown, gray, green, and blue. A classification of reference color agents is compiled, containing seven semantic groups, which can be correlated with both agents and references comparison, which allows using the formula of the semantic comparison structure. As a result, the quantitative indicators of formulas for different coloratives were obtained, with phytomorphs being the most frequent standards of red, yellow, brown, blue, and green. The second place belongs to reamorphs, which are rich, but not the only source of black standards. Naturmorphs are in the third place; these are the suppliers of agents of black, as well as yellow and gray. They are followed by gluttomorphs, which are the leading white standards. Zoomorphs are uniformly present in almost all colors except brown and blue. A small number of anthropomorphs agents are red standards, and hemo­morphs agents are green standards.

Disaster Resuscitology: Report on the Second World Congress on Emergency and Disaster Medicine

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Peter Safar
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
West Germany ◽  
World Congress ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

The Second World Congress on Emergency and Disaster Medicine was held on May 31–June 3,1981, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, under the auspices of the “Club of Mainz for Emergency and Disaster Medicine Worldwide.” The First World Congress organized by the Club of Mainz was held in Mainz, West Germany on September 30–October 3, 1977 (Chairman, Rudolf Frey), and the Third World Congress will be held in Rome, Italy on May 23–27, 1983 (Chairman, Corrado Manni). It is appropriate to report here on the World Congress in Pittsburgh, since the first four issues of this new Journal consist of edited papers and abstracts presented at that Congress.

scholarly journals Unionist vs. Nationalist: Potential Re- emergence of Identity Crisis in Post-Brexit Northern Ireland

WIMAYA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Fernanda Probotrianto
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Second World

As the world begin to enter another decade of the third millennia, Europe has been struck with various challenges that greatly affects its surrounding geopolitics that, depend on the path further taken, would decide its future: whether maintaining solidarity and regional ‘fraternity’, typically in context of European Union (EU), or towards complete jeopardy and dissolution of the long-lasting union that has been tighten since the end of the Second World War. However, preference of member-states is beginning to drift away to the latter as crisis and problems continue to spring, both internally, such as cases with Greek’s monetary inflation, and externally, concerning massive influx of refugees coming from the Middle East and Africa. As suggested by constructivism, the key of successful resolution depends on the intensity of diplomatic communication. By doing so, both countries should have deep understanding of each other’s perspective. In addition, views and interest of Unionist and Nationalist side should be taken into account for in mitigating possible rise of new conflict.

An Analysis on Turkey's Urbanization Process in the Context of Urban Development Paradigms

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-180
Author(s):  
Aygül Kılınç
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Third ◽  
Development Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

The ideological, economic, and technological phenomena experienced in the history of the world have surprisingly affected the social order. These phenomena have transformed the social order and have been effective in their reshaping. Since the first quarter of the 20th century, this has led to the emergence of three new paradigms of urban development. The first paradigm includes the period from the Second World War to the end of the 1970s, and this paradigm is defined as the state-based urban development period. The period from the 1980s to the mid-1990s was named as the market-centered urban development period. Last, the period that continued since the mid-1990s was named as the governance period, or the third way.

Witnesses for the Defense in the Gospel of Luke

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Gospel Of Luke ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
World Today ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Horizon Of Expectations ◽  
Authorial Audience

Assuming that the Third Gospel’s audience faced the public relations problem of a crucified Messiah, this chapter argues that the Gospel of Luke is an insiders’ defense of Jesus despite his ignominious death on a cross. Furthermore, while the chapter reviews various methodological approaches to the Lukan author, its own brand of audience-oriented criticism seeks to reconstruct the horizon of expectations and repertoires by which the Gospel’s authorial audience would likely have understood the Third Gospel’s defense. Accordingly, it avers that the Third Gospel negotiated a politics of respectability by imagining Jesus and his followers not solely as prophets and philosophers but as benefactors whose cosmopolitan reach rivaled the Roman Empire’s own claims of worldwide benefaction. Finally, the chapter appraises the Gospel’s defense for its ethical utility under very different circumstances in the world today.

scholarly journals André Jullien and the first world classifications of Serbian wines(1816, 1822, and 1832)

2020 ◽  
pp. 519-541
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Fotic
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Nature ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First World ◽  
Made In

This paper analyses the first world classifications of Serbian wines based on Andr? Jullien?s famous Topographie de tous les Vignobles connus? published as early as 1816 (18222, 18323). It points to the far-reaching importance of Jullien?s work, clarifies the circumstances of its creation, its methodology, the significance and types of data presented, and, which is particularly important, identifies most of the sources used by the author. Jullien?s Topographie is not a perfect book free of geographical and historical errors, nor does it cover all winegrowing regions in the world. However, it is the first general classification of all wines, both French and ?foreign?, based on fairly clear criteria and written by an experienced and, as it seems, unprejudiced connoisseur. Its importance was recognized immediately after publication, and the global nature of its classification made it the basis for all similar undertakings. The analytical focus in the article is restricted to the territory of the present-day Serbia. In the Ottoman ?province? of Serbia, he singled out the environs of Belgrade as the most important winegrowing region, adding to it the environs of Pristina in the third edition. Wines produced in the eastern Srem (Karlovci) stand out in terms of quality. This overview also includes the winegrowing region of Banat with Vrsac and Bela Crkva (Weisskirchen). In the wine world of that time wines from Srem and Banat were classified as the wines of the Austrian Empire or, more narrowly, as Hungarian wines. Andr? Jullien obviously did not taste any of the mentioned Serbian wines personally. He relied above all on the information available in encyclopaedias, statistic records, geographies and travel accounts. The search for and identification of his sources has shown how thorough, consistent and honest he was in using such data. Undoubtedly, the best Serbian wines were made in and around Karlovci. A sweet red wine, Ausbruch, gained a high repute around the mid-18th century, retaining it into the 20th century. At first, Jullien classified it into the third and then into the exceptionally high second class of all world?s sweet red wines. For example, of all Hungarian wines, only Tokay was rated above it. Karlovci?s semi-sweet and dry wines received the same high second-class rating. Jullien?s classifications of Serbian wines confirmed the continued existence of high-quality winegrowing areas in what is now Serbia, from Roman times to the beginning of the 19th century.

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