scholarly journals Komposisi Asam Amino sebagai Penanda Kimia dari Akumulasi Logam Berat di Biota Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Hedi Indra Januar ◽  
Irma Hermana ◽  
Dwiyitno Dwiyitno
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Perna Viridis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Marine Mussels ◽  
Amino Acids Composition

Logam berat merupakan variabel penting dalam penelaahan keamanan produk kekerangan. Namun, kuantifikasinya membutuhkan tingkat kesiapan analis dan peralatan laboratorium yang modern. Hal ini mendorong usulan berbagai metode penapisan High-throughput Screening seperti komposisi asam amino, sebagai penanda kimia pada penapisan tahap awal dari kontaminasi logam berat di biota kekerangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fisibilitas komposisi asam amino yang terkandung pada produk kekerangan, sebagai penanda kimia akumulasi logam berat. Biota kerang bernilai ekonomis, yaitu kerang hijau (Perna viridis), dipilih sebagai target yang diambil dari tiga lokasi budidaya di Perairan Cirebon (sisi utara, perairan kota, dan sisi timur). Kadar logam berat (Cr, Co, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, dan Pb) dianalisis mempergunakan ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry), sementara kandungan asam amino ditelaah dengan kromatografi gas yang dilengkapi Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa kadar tertinggi dari tiap logam berat pada P. viridis adalah 0,25 mg/kg (Cr); 0,2 mg/kg (Co); 2,1 mg/kg (Cu); 1,5 mg/kg (As); 0,25 mg/kg (Cd); 0,25 mg/kg (Hg); dan 0,1 mg/kg (Pb). Nilai ini masih memenuhi persyaratan baku mutu, kecuali kadar arsen. Pengujian statistika korespondensi menunjukkan bahwa kadar asam amino kerang hijau dapat mengalami pergeseran komposisi yang tergantung pada tipe, variasi, dan kuantifikasi akumulasi logam beratnya. Oleh karena itu, tidak ada satupun jenis asam amino tertentu yang dapat dijadikan sebagai penanda kimia umum dari akumulasi berbagai jenis logam berat. Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk menemukan faktor pembanding menggunakan senyawa tertentu yang dapat melengkapi rasio komposisi asam amino sebagai penanda kimia dari akumulasi logam berat pada biota kekerangan.ABSTRACTHeavy metals are important factor in the food safety analysis of marine mussels. However, heavy metal quantification requires factors an adequate analyst and modern laboratory equipment. Therefore, various high throughput screening methods have been proposed, such as the composition of amino acids as a marker in a preliminary screening of heavy metal contamination in marine mussels. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of amino acids composition in marine mussels as a chemical marker of heavy metal accumulation. The commercial marine mussels, Green Mussels (Perna viridis), were collected from three aquaculture sites in Cirebon Waters (north side, in front of the city, and east side). Heavy metals content (Cr, Co, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) was analyzed by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) technique while the amino acids content was analyzed using gas chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Results of this study showed that the maximum value of each heavy metal in P. viridis were 0.25 mg/kg (Cr); 0.2 mg/kg (Co); 2.1 mg/kg (Cu); 1.5 mg/kg (As); 0.25 mg/kg (Cd); 0.25 mg/kg (Hg); and 0.1 mg/kg (Pb). Except for arsenic, these values were below the allowable threshold level. Correspondence analysis showed that the composition of amino acids in the green mussels was shifted, according to the type, variation, and quantification of the accumulated heavy metals. Therefore, none of the amino acids can be used as a general chemical marker for various types of heavy metals. Further research can be done to identify a particular comparative compound that can complement the ratio of amino acids composition as biomarkers for heavy metals accumulation in marine mussels.

Heavy metal and essential elements in beers from turkey market: A risk assessment study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712199321
Author(s):  
M Charehsaz ◽  
S Helvacıoğlu ◽  
S Çetinkaya ◽  
R Demir ◽  
O Erdem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

In this study, the level of arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and also essential elements in beer samples consumed in Turkey were investigated using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The heavy metal-induced non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were calculated. For essential elements, the calculated estimated daily intake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and cobalt (Co) from beer consumption were compared with their toxicity reference values. Tukey post-hoc test showed that As was found at a significantly higher level when compared to Pb. Also, a significant correlation was found between As level and alcohol by volume percent. All samples had a hazard quotient and hazard index <1, indicating no non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to single or multiple heavy metals. Some samples exceeded the threshold limit of acceptable cancer risk for As in the high beer consumer group. This assessment showed that in addition to health implications based on the alcohol content of beer, there might be a carcinogenic risk associated with the heavy metals content of these beverages.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn Amounts in Muscles of Cyprinus Carpio from Karasu Stream, Sinop

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Bat ◽  
Fatih Şahin ◽  
Ayşah Öztekin ◽  
Elif Arici ◽  
Öztekin Yardim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Cu And Zn

Heavy metal contaminations in aquatic habitats effect negatively on the organisms that depend on the water. In this work heavy metal levels in edible tissues of Cyprinus carpio from Karasu Stream in Sinop in summer, autumn and winter were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer. The accumulation pattern in the work is in the order of Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd> Hg. The amounts of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in carps were 0.022-0.036, 0.031-0.045, 0.22-0.29, 1.32-1.61 and 8.4-12.3 mg kg-1 wet wt., respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals in C. carpio were all below the TFC and EC guidelines. Total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) was 0.10722 and below 1 which showed that consumption of carp from the Karasu Stream has no health threats by now as the heavy metals investigated was concerned.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Frozen and Canned Marine Fish of Korea

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Islam ◽  
S. Bang ◽  
Kyoung-Woong Kim ◽  
M. K. Ahmed ◽  
M. Jannat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Contaminants ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
Icp Ms

Heavy metal contaminants in fish are of particular interest because of the potential risk to humans who consume them. The edible muscles of eight different species of fishes were analyzed by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy) for heavy metals, collected from Market in Gwangju, Korea during April-May in 2008. The concentrations of Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn varied between 0.24±0.007 - 0.01±0.001, 44.54±5.69 - 1.23±0.20, 0.13±0.05 – ND (not detected), 1.32±0.47 - 0.09± 0.02, 3.13±2.53 - 0.63±0.06, 107.17±28.02 - 11.27±1.56, 12.38±1.23 - 0.25±0.02, 1.025±1.41 - 0.12±0.09, 0.74±0.28 - 0.05±0.03 and 80.30±17.09 - 22.35±6.89 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of arsenic and nickel exceeded the maximum allowable intake level. Keywords: Heavy metals; Marine fish; Korea. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i3.4667              J. Sci. Res. 2 (3), 551-557 (2010)

scholarly journals Determination and Assessment of the Toxic Heavy Metal Elements Abstracted from the Traditional Plant Cosmetics and Medical Remedies: Case Study of Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman M. Bobaker ◽  
Intisar Alakili ◽  
Sukiman B. Sarmani ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Walnut Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Henna and walnut tree bark are widely used by Libyan women as cosmetics. They may contain lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), which, in turn, pose a high risk to their health. This study aims to determine the levels of Pb, Cd and As in henna and walnut tree bark products sold in Libyan markets. The products were analyzed for their Pb, Cd and As content by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after a microwave acid digestion. The results showed a significant difference between the henna and walnut tree bark samples in terms of their heavy metals content (p < 0.05). The highest heavy metal concentrations were observed in the walnut tree bark samples whereas the lowest was observed in the henna samples. In addition, 60% of the henna and 90% of the walnut tree bark samples contained Pb levels and approximately 80% of the henna and 90% the walnut tree bark samples contained Cd levels, which are much higher than the tolerance limit. However, As concentrations in all the samples were lower. The results indicated that such cosmetics expose consumers to high levels of Pb and Cd and hence, to potential health risks. Thus, studying the sources and effects of heavy metals in such cosmetics is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Heavy metal gradients from rural to urban lakes in central China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentong Xia ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Lars G. Rudstam ◽  
Yinglong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Central China ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Lakes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Group A ◽  
Rural Group

Abstract Background Limited information is available on heavy metal patterns in lakes under rapid watershed urbanization, especially considering a large spatial gradient with a long linear distance and great variations in topographic relief. To fill this gap, we studied concentrations of a series of heavy metals in both water and sediments from 20 lakes along a rural to urban gradient in central China, and we aimed to understand the effects of urban processes on heavy metal dynamics in lake ecosystems. Studied lakes were divided into five groups: A (rural reservoir group), B (rural commercial fishing group), C (urban park group), D (urban recreational fishing group), and E (urban commercial fishing group). An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) were used to analyze the heavy metals in water and sediments. Results An increasing trend of most heavy metals in water from rural to urban lakes was observed. Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mn), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al) in water were significantly lower in rural group A than those in other groups. Arsenic in sediments of rural group A was lower than those in other groups. No other heavy metal element in sediments was significantly different among groups. The enrichment factor analysis of selected heavy metals showed there were different degrees of enrichments of heavy metals in sediments. The potential ecological risk index showed a low level for heavy metals in sediments of all studied lakes. Conclusions Results indicated that urban processes could have an impact on heavy metals in lake water. The sources of heavy metals in sediments were more likely from anthropogenic activities. These results could enhance our understanding of metal dynamics in lake ecosystems under urbanization and could help prevent heavy metal pollutions and promote sustainable management of urban ecosystems.

scholarly journals Hubungan timbal dan krom pada pemakaian pewarna batik dengan kadar hemoglobin dan jumlah sel darah pada pengrajin batik Kecamatan Lendah Kulon Progo

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramudji Hastuti ◽  
Sunarti Sunarti ◽  
Prasetyastuti Prasetyastuti ◽  
Ngadikun Ngadikun ◽  
Tasmini Tasmini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Heavy Metal Toxicity ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Inductively Coupled

ABSTRAK Cara membatik di Indonesia mulai banyak beralih dari pemakaian bahan alami menjadi bahan cat sintesis. Cat sintetis yang digunakan sering kali mengandung logam berat di antaranya timbal (Pb) dan kromium (Cr). Pemakaian logam berat dalam waktu lama akan mengganggu kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan kadar logam Pb dan Cr dalam darah dan limbah dengan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dan Packed Cell Volume (PCV) serta mengetahui prevalensi gejala toksisitas yang dirasakan pada pekerja di tiga sentra batik di Desa Lendah Kulon Progo. Sebanyak 76 pegawai di sentra batik: 37 orang di sentra SB, 20 orang di FA dan 19 orang di SA ditentukan kadar Hb, PCV, kadar Pb dan Cr dengan metode Inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Air limbah lingkungan dari ketiga lokasi sentra batik diambil dan diperiksa kadar Pb dan Cr-nya. Hasil antara ketiga lokasi diuji normalitasnya dan dianalisis dengan analisis varian atau Kruskal-Wallis. Hubungan antara kadar Pb dan Cr baik darah maupun limbah dengan kadar logam berat dalam darah dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson atau Spearman. Hasil dinyatakan berbeda bermakna jika p<0,05. Gejala penyakit yang dialami pekerja yang diperkirakan berhubungan dengan toksisitas logam berat dihitung frekuensinya. Antropometik, tekanan darah, kadar Hb, PCV dan logam berat dari ketiga lokasi yang diperiksa tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05). Kadar Pb darah dan krom di sentra SB dan FA berbeda signifikan dengan di sentra SA (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan secara statistik antara kadar Pb darah, Cr darah, dan Pb limbah dengan kadar Hb dan PCV. Gejala iritasi kulit, pusing, dan nyeri sendi dirasakan 37-49% repsonden. Kadar timbal dan krom darah pembatik di sentra SB dan FA lebih tinggi dari sentra SA. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara toksisitas Pb dan Cr dengan kadar Hb dan PCV. Gejala toksisitas di antara pekerja batik diperkirakan dapat terjadi karena toksisitas logam berat kronis akibat pemakaian cat batik.KATA KUNCI batik; hemoglobin; chromium; sel darah; timbal ABSTRACT The dye used to color batik has changed from natural to synthetic materials in several places in Indonesia. Synthetic paints often contain heavy metals including lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr). Chronic use of heavy metals can affect health. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between blood and waste water levels of Pb and Cr with hemoglobin (Hb) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV), and to determine how many workers felt the toxicity symptoms in three batik centers in Lendah Kulon Progo. A total of 76 batik center employees: 37, 20, and 19 people from the SB, FA, and SA centers were recruited. Determination of Hb, PCV, Pb and Cr levels were conducted with the Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method. Wastewater from the three batik centers is taken and examined. The data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis. Correlation anayses were performed with Pearson or Spearman correlation test. Results were considered significant if p<0.05. Disease symptoms experienced by workers that are estimated to be associated with heavy metal toxicity are calculated in frequency. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, Hb levels, PCV and heavy metals were not significantly different between centers (p>0.05). Blood Pb and Cr from the SB and FA were significantly different from those at the SA center (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant correlations between blood Pb levels, blood Cr, and Pb waste with hemoglobin and PCV levels. Symptoms of skin irritation, dizziness, and joint pain were felt by 37-49% of respondents. Blood levels of lead and chrome in the SB and FA centers are higher than the SA centers. There was no significant correlation between Pb and Cr toxicity with hemoglobin and PCV levels. Symptoms of toxicity among batik workers are thought to occur due to chronic heavy metal toxicity due to the use of synthetic paint.KEYWORDS batik; haemoglobin; chromium; blood cell; plumbum

scholarly journals Pencemaran Logam Berat Kadmium (Cd) dalam Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) yang Didaratkan di Tambak Lorok Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445
Author(s):  
Erian Febri Satriawan ◽  
Ita Widowati ◽  
Jusup Suprijanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Anadara Granosa

Perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang merupakan daerah yang terdapat banyak aktivitas industri. Banyaknya aktivitas industri di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang dapat menyebabkan tingginya angka pencemaran lingkungan, terutama logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat Cd (kadmium) pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) yang terdapat di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang dan kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap penilaian resiko kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret, Juni, Juli dan Agustus tahun 2020 di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang. Logam berat dari kerang tersebut berdasarkan pembacaan Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) menunjukkan nilai berturut – turut 0,280 mg/kg; 0,514 mg/kg; 0,430 mg/kg; dan 1,649 mg/kg. Berdasarkan konsentrasi rata-rata Cd lebih rendah dari BSN (2009) yaitu 1 mg/kg kecuali pada bulan Agustus 2020. Perkiraan asupan harian (EDI) oleh masyarakat berkisar antara (0,000168-0,000987) mg/kg/hari. Lalu, nilai bahaya target (THQ) untuk Cd berkisar (0,161-0,946). Nilai ECR yang didapatkan untuk Cd berkisar antara (2,6x10-5 - 1,5x10-4) Pada umumnya semua nilai THQ pada kerang A. granosa kurang dari 1. Sementara semua nilai ECR pada kerang A. granosa kurang dari 10-4 pada bulan Agustus 2020. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kerang A. granosa yang terdapat di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang masih bisa untuk dikonsumsi. Dan tidak ada efek buruk kesehatan non-karsinogenik. Namun pada bulan Agustus 2020 memiliki efek karsinogenik. apabila masyarakat mengkonsumsi daging kerang A. granosa yang terpapar logam berat kadmium (Cd). Tambak Lorok Waters in Semarang is an area that has many industrial activities. A large number of industrial activities in Tambak Lorok Semarang waters can cause a high number of environmental pollution, especially heavy metals. This study aims to determine the content of heavy metal Cd (cadmium) in blood clams (Anadara granosa) found in Tambak Lorok waters Semarang. Based on the metal content, an analysis of human health risk assessments was carried out. This research was conducted in March, June, July, and August 2020 in Tambak Lorok waters, Semarang. The heavy metals from these shells based on Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) readings showed a value of 0.280 mg/kg respectively; 0.514 mg/kg; 0.430 mg / kg; and 1.649 mg/kg. Based on the average concentration of Cd is lower than BSN (2009) that is 1 mg/kg except in August 2020. Estimated daily intake (EDI) by the community ranges from (0.000168-0.000987) mg/kg/day. Then, the target hazard value (THQ) for Cd ranges (0.161-0.946). The value of ECR for Cd range between (2,6x10-5 - 1,5x10-4). In general, all THQ values in A. granosa shells are less than 1. And then for all ECR value in A. granosa was less than 10-4. Based on this research, it can be concluded that A. granosa shells found in Tambak Lorok Semarang waters are still able for consumption. And there are no adverse non-carcinogenic health effects. But in August 2020 it has a carcinogenic effect. if people consumed A. granosa exposed by heavy metal cadmium (Cd).

ICP/MS in Evaluation Heavy Metal Influence on the Behavior of Natural Temporary Teeth

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Demetrescu ◽  
R. Luca ◽  
D. Ionita ◽  
D. Bojin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Spectrometry Method ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Method ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this paper is to evaluate using ICP/MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method ) the small amount of heavy metal existing in temporary teeth of children from area with high environmental risk regarding heavy metals, and to correlate this amount with the state of degradation of such teeth, taking into account that teeth are biological archive.

scholarly journals Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Pedrinelli ◽  
Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon ◽  
Roberta Bueno Ayres Rodrigues ◽  
Mariana Pamplona Perini ◽  
Renata Maria Consentino Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

Abstract Pet owners often don’t acknowledge the need for home-prepared diet formulation by a trained professional and may use recipes from sources such as the internet. Macronutrient and mineral composition of home-prepared diets were analyzed and compared to NRC and FEDIAF recommendations, and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed and compared to FDA maximum tolerable levels (MTL) for dogs and cats. Recipes of home-prepared diets for adult dogs (n = 75) and cats (n = 25) were evaluated. Analyses of protein, fat, and fiber were performed according to AOAC, and mineral and heavy metal analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). None of the diets supplied recommended levels of all nutrients evaluated, and more than 84.0% of diets presented three or more nutrients below recommendations. Nutrients with most levels below recommendations were calcium and potassium in recipes for dogs and iron and zinc in recipes for cats. As for heavy metals, levels of lead, cobalt, mercury, uranium, and vanadium were above MTLs. Results suggest that home-prepared diets may be a health risk to dogs and cats if not properly formulated. Furthermore, the chronic heavy metal intake must be better elucidated in order to understand the full impact of results.

scholarly journals Correlation between levels of airborne endotoxin and heavy metals in subway environments in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungho Hwang ◽  
So-Yeon Kim ◽  
Sangjun Choi ◽  
Sangwon Lee ◽  
Dong-Uk Park
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Mass Spectrometers ◽  
Underground Tunnel ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Airborne Endotoxins

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the exposure levels and variation in airborne endotoxin and heavy metals such as aluminum, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), zinc, and lead (Pb) in the three different South Korean subway environments (driver room, station office, and underground tunnel) and identify subway characteristics influencing endotoxin and heavy metals levels. Air samples were collected and analyzed using the kinetic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers. The geometric mean was determined for endotoxin levels (0.693 EU/m3). It was also found that Fe (5.070 µg/m3) had the highest levels in subway environments while Pb (0.008 µg/m3) had the lowest levels. Endotoxin levels were higher in the underground tunnel and lower in the station office; the total heavy metal levels showed the same pattern with endotoxin levels. Endotoxins and total heavy metal levels were higher in the morning than at night. Positive correlations were found between endotoxin and Cr, Fe, Mn, and Ni levels. Given the correlation between airborne endotoxins and heavy metals, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to identify the correlation between levels of airborne endotoxin and heavy metals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document