scholarly journals Devising a method for measuring the motion parameters of industrial equipment in the quarry using adaptive parameters of a video sequence

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (9 (114)) ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
Yurii Podchashynskyi ◽  
Oksana Luhovykh ◽  
Vitaliy Tsyporenko ◽  
Valentyn Tsyporenko
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Video Sequence ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Exponential Smoothing ◽  
Natural Stone ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Adaptive Parameters ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Motion Parameters

The method and structural scheme of an information-measuring system for determining the parameters of objects' movements (technological equipment in the quarry for extracting block natural stone) have been proposed. A distinctive feature of time video sequences containing images of measured objects is their adaptation and adjustment in accordance with the intensity of movement and accuracy requirements for measurement results. Structural and software-algorithmic methods were also applied for improving the accuracy of measurements of motion parameters, namely: complexation of two measuring channels and exponential smoothing of digital references. One of the measuring channels is based on a digital video camera, the second is based on an accelerometer mounted on an object and two integrators. Exponential smoothing makes it possible to take into consideration the previous countdowns of movement parameters with weight coefficients. That ensures accounting for the existing patterns of movement of the object and reducing the errors when measuring the parameters of movement by (1.4...1.6) times. The resulting solutions have been implemented in the form of an information and measurement system. The technological process of extracting blocks of natural stone in the quarry was experimentally investigated using a diamond-rope installation. Based on the contactless measurement of motion parameters, it is possible to ensure control over this process and improve the quality of blocks made of natural stone. Based on the experimental study of measurement errors, recommendations were given for the selection of adaptive parameters of a video sequence, namely the size of images and the value of the inter-frame interval. In addition, methods for the software-algorithmic processing of measuring information were selected, specifically exponential smoothing and averaging the coordinates of the contour of an object, measured in 30 adjacent lines of the image

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF EFFICIENCY ECOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM OF HEAT ENGINES AND BOILER PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (152) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
A. Polivyanchuk ◽  
M. Smirny ◽  
S. Romanenko ◽  
R. Semenenko ◽  
R. Plotnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Methodological Error ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Diagnostics System ◽  
The Impact

A universal, multifunctional system of environmental diagnostics of heat engines and boiler plants has been created, which allows one to determine indicators characterizing the chemical and physical effect of these objects on the environment: concentrations, mass, specific and average operational emissions of pollutants, noise, thermal pollution, vibration. This measuring system consists of instrumental, testing, demonstration and laboratory modules, which allows you to use it as a diagnostic tool, training and test bench and laboratory; as well as apply it in various fields: transport, energy, environmental and educational fields. The diagnostic system implements methods for monitoring and improving the accuracy of measurements of average operating emissions of pollutants: method for determining the resulting measurement errors of the average operational emissions of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter – GAS and РT indicators, which allows you to evaluate the impact on the data of the value of the errors of the measuring equipment of the diagnostic system; a method for increasing the accuracy of measurements of the normalized РT index by taking into account the methodological error of measurements of a given value due to the influence of the temperature of the sample in the tunnel on the measured emission of particulate matter - δРТt. Experimental studies of the diagnostic system and methods for increasing its accuracyon full-scale objects were carried out: diesel engines: tractor 4CHN12/14 tractor D65M, diesel locomotive diesel engine DEL-01 and boiler units: gas - DKVR-20/13 and AOGV-100E, solid fuel - KCHM-2M-4. Transport diesels were tested according to the cycles established by the UNECE Regulations R-49, R-96 and the international standard ISO-8178. As a result of tests of these engines, the coefficients KРi, KMgasi and KMрmi were determined, which are used to assess the accuracy of measurements of GAS and РT indicators, the resulting measurement errors of these values were investigated and the range of variation of the methodical error δРТt was determined.

Thermal Expansion of Thermally Sprayed Coatings

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Beghini ◽  
L. Bertini ◽  
F. Frendo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Point Bend ◽  
Measured Length ◽  
Four Point Bend Test ◽  
Thermally Sprayed ◽  
Sprayed Coatings

Abstract The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of a NiCoCrAlY coating was investigated in this work. The CTE was inferred from the measured length variations of coated prismatic symmetric specimens (i.e. having the coating on two opposite surfaces) at various temperature increments. The elongation of the specimen was evaluated from the relative positions of two markers, which was recorded during the test by a CCD video camera; analysis with subpixeling technique allowed high resolution in the dilatation measurements. Analytical relationships used to determine the coating's CTE were based on the simple multilayer beam model; the temperature dependent elastic moduli of the layers had been determined by four point bend test in a previous work. Coated specimens were employed having different substrate thicknesses in order to check the accuracy of measurements.

Impact of Human Factors on Measurement Errors

2013 ◽  
pp. 274-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinodkumar Jacob ◽  
M. Bhasi ◽  
R. Gopikakumari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Human Errors

Measurement is the act or the result, of a quantitative comparison between a given quantity and a quantity of the same kind chosen as a unit. It is for observing and testing scientific and technological investigations and generally agreed that all measurements contain errors. In a measuring system where both a measuring instrument and a human being taking the measurement using a preset process, the measurement error could be due to the instrument, the process or human error. This study is devoted to understanding the human errors in measurement. Work and human involvement related factors that could affect measurement errors have been identified. An experimental study has been conducted using different subjects where the factors were changed one at a time and the measurements made by them recorded. Errors in measurement were then calculated and the data so obtained was subject to statistical analysis to draw conclusions regarding the influence of different factors on human errors in measurement. The findings are presented in the paper.

scholarly journals Development and Certification of A Visibility-Range Monitor By Image Processing

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Keishi Ishimoto ◽  
Masao Takeuchi ◽  
Shigeyuki Naitou ◽  
Haruki Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Snow Surface ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Visibility Range ◽  
A Charge ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

A new visibility-range measuring system has been developed which uses a video camera, and with which visibility can be estimated by measuring the brightness contrast of a black target against a standardized background. This principle has been applied to development of the new visibility-range monitor described in this paper. In this monitor, a charge-coupled device (CCD) video camera measures the brightness of an arbitrary area in its range of vision, and visibility range measured by the video camera in blowing snow can be compared with that measured by the transmissometer-type visibility-range monitor and can also be calculated by direct observation using optical targets. The new sytem can monitor visibility and record information about traffic on highways at 1 s intervals for a maximum of six separate positions. The vertical distribution of visibilities over a snow surface has been observed, and it has been found that the fluctuation in visibility is greatest at lower levels above the ground in blowing snow.

scholarly journals Contactless Measurement Of Rectilinearity Of An Elongated Object Based On The Example A Crane Rail

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Ćmielewski ◽  
Janusz Kuchmister ◽  
Piotr Gołuch ◽  
Henryk Bryś
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Laser Beams ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Angle Method

AbstractThe common aim of engineering surveys is to determine deviations from rectilinearity for elongated objects. We have developed a number of methods for measuring points that represent an elongated object. These are the constant straight (optical, laser, mechanical-string) method, the trigonometric method, geometric levelling method, photogrammetric methods and terrestrial laser scanning. When taking these measurements, it is crucial to have a direct access to the survey points of the measured object. Factors impeding the measurements include: adverse lighting conditions, vibration, dust, refractory effects, lack of direct access to the survey points, etc.The authors have developed a measurement methodology and designed a measuring set for taking measurements that enable to determine the location of survey points on an elongated object.The measurement is based on the constant straight method and the measuring set consists of the horizontal levelling staff and two laser pointers. The measuring set relies on the angular intersection (fixed angle) method. Intersection occurs when two laser beams meet. To determine the location of the survey point indicated by the mentioned laser beams, we used levelling staff readings taken with the surveying instrument that establishes the reference constant straight.Experimental studies carried out in the laboratory and in the field helped to determine the accuracy of measurements taken with the designed measuring set (the accuracy was below ± 1 mm) and revealed that this accuracy is comparable to accuracies achieved with famous classical measurement methods.

scholarly journals [Paper] Reliving Past Scene Experience System by Inducing a Video-camera Operator's Motion with Overlaying a Video-sequence onto Real Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Imura ◽  
Kazuhiro Kasada ◽  
Takuji Narumi ◽  
Tomohiro Tanikawa ◽  
Michitaka Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Video Sequence ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Real Environment

scholarly journals Development and Certification of A Visibility-Range Monitor By Image Processing

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Keishi Ishimoto ◽  
Masao Takeuchi ◽  
Shigeyuki Naitou ◽  
Haruki Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Snow Surface ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Visibility Range ◽  
A Charge ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

A new visibility-range measuring system has been developed which uses a video camera, and with which visibility can be estimated by measuring the brightness contrast of a black target against a standardized background. This principle has been applied to development of the new visibility-range monitor described in this paper. In this monitor, a charge-coupled device (CCD) video camera measures the brightness of an arbitrary area in its range of vision, and visibility range measured by the video camera in blowing snow can be compared with that measured by the transmissometer-type visibility-range monitor and can also be calculated by direct observation using optical targets.The new sytem can monitor visibility and record information about traffic on highways at 1 s intervals for a maximum of six separate positions. The vertical distribution of visibilities over a snow surface has been observed, and it has been found that the fluctuation in visibility is greatest at lower levels above the ground in blowing snow.

scholarly journals Contactless electromagnetic measuring system using conventional calibration algorithms to determine scattering parameters

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zelder ◽  
H. Rabe ◽  
H. Eul
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Planar Circuits ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
S Parameters ◽  
Coupling Techniques ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. In this paper, a contactless measuring system for the determination of the S-parameters of planar circuits is presented. With a contactless measuring system it is possible to characterise a device-under-test (DUT) embedded in a planar circuit environment without cutting the planar transmission lines connecting the DUT. The technique utilizes four identical capacitive probes in conjunction with a vector network analyser (VNA). For the usage of electromagnetic probes compared to other coupling techniques like the electro-optic probing, there is no need for expensive and complex equipment in addition to the typical equipment of a common microwave laboratory. The S-parameters are determined accurately using conventional calibration methods. A simple analytical model for the representation of the basic characteristics is developed. Furthermore, the influences on the S-parameters as a result of a variation in the coupling are presented. With the knowledge of the system characteristics, an accurate contactless measurement system is set up. The comparison between conventional and contactless measurements in a frequency range of 1–20 GHz shows a very good agreement with a phase error smaller than 1°.

scholarly journals Conversion of Video Surveillance System into Measurement System based on Video Camera

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 400-404
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

This work reviews measurement systems applied for static and dynamic detection of object coordinates as well as acquiring information of their position at various distances. The market of measurement systems based on video cameras has been analyzed. Their classification is presented, fields of application are described, advantages and disadvantages are summarized for each type of measurement systems. In addition, it has been revealed that the frequency and extent of measurement errors depend not only on the quality on system components but also on numerous other factors, such as light flare, microvibrations, thermal expansion, etc. The review of measurement systems is necessary for determination of the most efficient method of conversion of video surveillance system into measurement system.

scholarly journals Introduction of the compensatory method of gas sample control in universal systems of ecological diagnostics of diesel engines – microtunnels

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Dilution Factor ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements

Purpose. The development, implementation and confirmation of the practical suitability of the compensatory method for monitoring a gas sample in microtunnels, which is significantly less expensive than the known analogs, in particular the differential method used in the AVL SPC 472 measuring system. Methods. Analysis and synthesis of information on methods for controlling gas samples, regression analysis in the construction of calibration dependences, experimental studies of the method under study, a calculated experiment in evaluating the accuracy of determining the dilution factor of a sample. Results. Measures have been developed to introduce an inexpensive compensatory method for controlling gas samples in universal systems for the ecological diagnosis of diesel engines – microtunnels: the method of calibrating the flowmeters of this method - standard narrowing devices, the method of indirect measurement of the mass flow rate of the sample in a microtunnel, the algorithm for regulating the flow rate of the sampled sample. Conclusions. Theoretically justified, the expediency of using the compensation method of sample control, which is 5 ... 8 times cheaper than the known analogue - the differential method used in the microtunnel AVL SPC 472. It has been experimentally confirmed that, when implementing the compensation test method, inexpensive flow meters - standard tapering devices with a precision class of 1.5 provide the required accuracy of measurements of the dilution factor of exhaust gases by air with an error not exceeding the permissible value of ± 4% and can be used in universal ecological diagnostic systems diesels - microtonules.

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