Evaluation of Peri-Implant Bone Response in Implants Retrieved for Fracture After More Than 20 Years of Loading: A Case Series

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Carmen Mortellaro ◽  
Francesco Mangano ◽  
Vittoria Perrotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Compact Bone ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Histological Data ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
The University

Analysis of human retrieved dental implants is a useful tool in the evaluation of implant success and failure. More human histological data are needed from samples of long-term implant service. The aim of the present case series was a histological and histomorphometrical evaluation of the peri-implant bone responses in implants retrieved for fracture after more than 20 years loading. The archives of the Implant Retrieval Center of the Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences of the University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy were searched. A total of 5 implants, retrieved after a loading period of more than 20 years, were found: 2 had been retrieved after 20 years, 1 after 22 years, 1 after 25 years, and 1 after 27 years. All these implants were histologically processed. Compact, mature bone in close contact with the implant surface was observed in all specimens, with no gaps or connective tissue at the interface. Bone in different maturation stages was found around some implants. Primarily newly formed bone was observed in proximity of the implant surface, while mature compact bone with many remodeling areas and cement lines were detected in areas distant from the implant. Many primary and secondary osteons were present. Bone to implant contact percentage varied from 37.2% to 76%. In conclusion, histology and histomorphometry showed that even after many years of function, all implants presented more than adequate bone to implant contact and they appeared to be very well integrated in the peri-implant bone.

scholarly journals Histological Evidence of the Osseointegration of Fractured Direct Metal Laser Sintering Implants Retrieved after 5 Years of Function

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Mangano ◽  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Fusion ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Direct Metal Laser Sintering ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Histomorphometric Study ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
Functional Loading

Background. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is an additive manufacturing technique that allows the fabrication of dental implants layer by layer through the laser fusion of titanium microparticles. The surface of DMLS implants is characterized by a high open porosity with interconnected pores of different sizes; therefore, it has the potential to enhance and accelerate bone healing. To date, however, there are no histologic/histomorphometric studies in the literature evaluating the interface between bone and DMLS implants in the long-term. Purpose. To evaluate the interface between bone and DMLS implants retrieved after 5 years of functional loading. Methods. Two fractured DMLS implants were retrieved from the human jaws, using a 5 mm trephine bur. Both the implants were clinically stable and functioned regularly before fracture. The specimens were processed for histologic/histomorphometric evaluation; the bone-to-implant contact (BIC%) was calculated. Results. Compact, mature lamellar bone was found over most of the DMLS implants in close contact with the implant surface; the histomorphometric evaluation showed a mean BIC% of 66.1% (±4.5%). Conclusions. The present histologic/histomorphometric study showed that DMLS implants were well integrated in bone, after 5 years of loading, with the peri-implant bone undergoing continuous remodeling at the interface.

scholarly journals Neurofibrosarcoma: case series in south-south Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Maurice Asuquo ◽  
Victor Nwagbara ◽  
Martin Nnoli ◽  
John Ashindoitiang ◽  
Theophilus Ugbem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Improve Outcome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

Neurofibrosarcoma is a malignancy that occurs more frequently in patients with neurofibromatosis- 1 (NF- 1) and rarely may arise independently. This is a presentation of 3 consecutive patients with histologic diagnosis of neurofibrosarcoma who presented to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar from 2011-2013. Two patients presented were associated with NF-1 and were a decade younger than the one without NF-1. Late presentation and poor follow up were notable underlying factors. Long term follow up of patients with NF -1 for early diagnosis and adequate treatment will improve outcome.

Implant Surface Roughness and Bone Healing: a Systematic Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Shalabi ◽  
A. Gortemaker ◽  
M.A. Van’t Hof ◽  
J.A. Jansen ◽  
N.H.J. Creugers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Implant Fixation ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relationship Of

A systematic review was performed on studies investigating the effects of implant surface roughness on bone response and implant fixation. We searched the literature using MEDLINE from 1953 to 2003. Inclusion criteria were: (1) abstracts of animal studies investigating implant surface roughness and bone healing; (2) observations of three-month bone healing, surface topography measurements, and biomechanical tests; (3) provision of data on surface roughness, bone-to-implant contact, and biomechanical test values. The literature search revealed 5966 abstracts. There were 470, 23, and 14 articles included in the first, second, and third selection steps, respectively. Almost all papers showed an enhanced bone-to-implant contact with increasing surface roughness. Six comparisons were significantly positive for the relationship of bone-to-implant contact and surface roughness. Also, a significant relation was found between push-out strength and surface roughness. Unfortunately, the eventually selected studies were too heterogeneous for inference of data. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis on the available data provided supportive evidence for a positive relationship between bone-to-implant contact and surface roughness.

Human Histologic Evaluation of a Six-year-old Threaded Implant Retrieved from a Subject with Osteoporosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Jamil A. Shibli ◽  
Leandro de Melo ◽  
Giovanna Lezzi ◽  
Susana d'Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Histologic Evaluation ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cement Lines

Abstract Aim The aim of this case report was to present the evaluation of the bone-to-implant contact in an implant retrieved from a subject with osteoporosis after six years of load. Background Systemic conditions associated with osteoporosis have been postulated to contribute to the severity of alveolar bone loss. The increase in human life expectancy, the increased number of elderly subjects who are partially or totally edentulous, and the use of dental implants for oral habilitation in subjects with osteoporosis has raised several questions. Report A 68-year-old woman with postmenopausal osteoporosis received a prosthetic evaluation of an implant-supported restoration. Histologically, the peri-implant bone appeared healthy. The peri-implant bone appeared in close contact with the implant surface, whereas marrow spaces could be detected in other areas along with prominently stained cement lines. The mean of bone-to-implant contact was 62.51±1.96. Conclusion The results of the evaluation of the dental implant reported here suggest the presence of osteoporosis may not be a contra-indication for implant placement at least after osseointegration has already been established. Citation de Melo L, Piattelli A, Lezzi G, d'Avila S, Zenóbio EG, Shibli JA. Human Histologic Evaluation of a Six-year-old Threaded Implant Retrieved from a Subject with Osteoporosis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:099-105.

scholarly journals Bone response to biosilicates® with different crystal phases

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rodrigues Azenha ◽  
Oscar Peitl ◽  
Valdemar Mallet da Rocha Barros
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Persistent Inflammation ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ceramic Glass ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Biological Environment

The aim of this study was to investigate the histological and histomorphometrical bone response to three Biosilicates with different crystal phases comparing them to Bioglass®45S5 implants used as control. Ceramic glass Biosilicate and Bioglass®45S5 implants were bilaterally inserted in rabbit femurs and harvested after 8 and 12 weeks. Histological examination did not revealed persistent inflammation or foreign body reaction at implantation sites. Bone and a layer of soft tissue were observed in close contact with the implant surfaces in the medullary canal. The connective tissue presented few elongated cells and collagen fibers located parallel to implant surface. Cortical portion after 8 weeks was the only area that demonstrated significant difference between all tested materials, with Biosilicate 1F and Biosilicate 2F presenting higher bone formation than Bioglass®45S5 and Biosilicate® vitreo (p=0.02). All other areas and periods were statistically non-significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, all tested materials were considered biocompatible, demonstrating surface bone formation and a satisfactory behavior at biological environment.

scholarly journals Histological and Histomorphometric Comparison of Innovative Dental Implants Laser Obtained: Animal Pilot Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1830
Author(s):  
Mastrangelo Filiberto ◽  
Botticelli Daniele ◽  
Bengazi Franco ◽  
Scarano Antonio ◽  
Piattelli Adriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Objective: Evaluation of the in vivo bone response of two innovative titanium surfaces ytterbium laser active fiber obtained (L1-L2) compared to a sandblasted and acid etched (SBAE) during early phase of osseointegration. Material and Methods: Three implant groups with the same macroscopic features were obtained (L1-L2-SBAE) to promote specific surface characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy, profilometric evaluation, X-ray spectrometry, and diffraction analysis were performed. For each group, six implants were placed in the tibiae of three Peli Buey sheep, and histologic, histomorphometric analysis, bone to implant contact (BIC), and the Dynamic Osseointegration index (DOI) were performed. Results: During the early phases of osseointegration, the histological and histomorphometric results showed significant differences between L1-L2-SBAE implants. At 15 and 30 days, histological analysis detected a newly bone formation around all specimens with an higher vital bone in L2 compared to L1 and SBAE both in cortical and in poor-quality marrow bone. At same time, histomorphometric analysis showed significantly higher BIC values in L2 (42.1 ± 2.6 and 82.4 ± 2.2) compared to L1 (5.2 ± 3.1 and 56.2 ± 1.3) and SBAE (23.3 ± 3.9 and 77.3 ± 0.4). DOI medium value showed a higher rate in L2 (2.83) compared to SBAE (2.60) and L1 (1.91). Conclusions: With the limitations of this pilot study, it is possible to assess that the titanium surface characteristics, and not the technologies used to obtain the modification, played a crucial role during the osseointegration process. Histological, histomorphometric, BIC, and DOI evaluation showed a significantly higher rate in L2 specimens compared to others, confirming that the implant surface could increase the bone response in cortical or marrow poor quality bone during the initial phases of osseointegration.

scholarly journals Long-term clinical complications associated with the use of polymethyl methacrylate in spinal stabilization of dogs and cats: case series

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (5supl1) ◽  
pp. 2453-2462
Author(s):  
Gabriel Antonio Covino Diamante ◽  
Paulo Vinicius Tertuliano Marinho ◽  
Isis dos Santos Dal-Bó ◽  
Thales Bregadioli ◽  
Fernanda Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Spinal Stabilization ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Vertebral and spinal cord trauma are common conditions in small animal practice and often result in vertebral fractures/luxation (VFL) with concomitant spinal cord laceration, concussion, compression, or ischemia. These lesions have several clinical presentations that may vary from moderate to severe pain and partial to total loss of motor, sensory, and visceral functions, which may result in death or euthanasia. Our purpose is to describe five cases (four dogs and one cat) of complications secondary to the use of bone cement for vertebral stabilization. The patients, between five months and four years of age and weighing between 1.4 and 12.2 kg, were referred to the Small Animal Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of the Veterinary Hospital of the College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo. They had a history of post-operatory polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) reactions (such as drainage or cement exposure due to infection or implant failure) in periods from 9 to 18 months after undergoing spinal osteosynthesis. Surgical implant removal occurred in 80% of the patients (4/5). Complete remission was not observed in the patient with residual implants. The association of pins/screws and PMMA is a versatile osteosynthesis technique and is applicable in all spinal regions. However, delayed complications can occur, which could require additional surgical procedures. Despite the small number of cases included in this study, one can infer that complications related to the use of bone cement in spinal surgery can occur in the long term and should be highlighted during the implant choosing process for vertebral osteosynthesis in small animals.

Early Human Bone Response to Laser Metal Sintering Surface Topography: A Histologic Report

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Susana d'Avila ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
Francesco Mangano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Metal Sintering ◽  
Early Human

Abstract This histologic report evaluated the early human bone response to a direct laser metal sintering implant surface retrieved after a short period of healing. A selective laser sintering procedure using a Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder with a particle size of 25–45 µm prepared this surface topography. One experimental microimplant was inserted into the anterior mandible of a patient during conventional implant surgery of the jaw. The microimplant and surrounding tissues were removed after 2 months of unloaded healing and were prepared for histomorphometric analysis. Histologically, the peri-implant bone appeared in close contact with the implant surface, whereas marrow spaces could be detected in other areas along with prominently stained cement lines. The mean of bone-to-implant contact was 69.51%. The results of this histologic report suggest that the laser metal sintering surface could be a promising alternative to conventional implant surface topographies.

Enhanced bone healing around nanohydroxyapatite-coated polyetheretherketone implants: An experimental study in rabbit bone

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Barkarmo ◽  
M Andersson ◽  
F Currie ◽  
P Kjellin ◽  
R Jimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Layer ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽  
Rabbit Bone ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact

Objective To investigate the bone response to threaded polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants coated with nanohydroxyapatite. Materials and methods A total of 39 PEEK implants were coated with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and 39 uncoated implants were used as controls. The implant surface was characterized by optical interferometry and scanning electron microscope. The implants were inserted in the tibia and femur of 13 rabbits. After 6 weeks of healing, quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Results The test implants showed significantly higher removal torque test values compared with the control group. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for the test implants; however, there were no differences in bone area between the groups. Qualitative histological analyses demonstrated inflammatory cellular reactions in close vicinity of both implant surfaces. A two-cell layer of foreign body giant cells was observed irrespective of sample type. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that implants with a threaded design render good stability to PEEK in both coated and uncoated implants. Nanohydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implants demonstrated improved bone formation compared with uncoated controls.

Osseointegration of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy Implants with a Titanium Nitride Coating Produced by a PIRAC Nitriding Technique: A Long-Term Time Course Study in the Rat

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Sovak ◽  
Irena Gotman ◽  
Anna Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Compact Bone ◽  
Implant Fixation ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Distal Epiphysis ◽  
Time Course Study ◽  
Bone Trabeculae

AbstractThis study examined bone tissue responses to Ti–6Al–4V alloy implants with a hard TiN coating applied by an original powder immersion reaction-assisted coating (PIRAC) nitriding method. Progression of implant fixation in the distal epiphysis and within the medullary cavity of the rat femur was evaluated between 3 days and 6 months postimplantation by scanning electron microscopy, oxytetracycline incorporation, and histochemistry. After 6 months, successful osseointegration was achieved in both epiphyseal and diaphyseal sites. Throughout, implant portions located within the epiphysis remained in close contact with bone trabeculae that gradually engulfed the implant forming a bone collar continuous with the trabecular network of the epiphysis. In the diaphysis, woven bone was first formed within the marrow cavity around the implant and later was replaced by a shell of compact bone around the implant. In general, higher osseointegration rates were measured for TiN-coated versus the uncoated implants, both in the epiphysis and in the diaphysis. In conclusion, our findings indicate an excellent long-term biocompatibility of TiN coatings applied by the PIRAC nitriding technique and superior osteoinductive ability in comparison with uncoated Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Such coatings can, therefore, be considered for improving the corrosion and wear resistance of titanium-based orthopedic implants.

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