OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF FERMENTOLYSIS OF PROTEINS IN THE COMPOSITION OF SERUM-PROTEIN CONCENTRATE

The food industry is a strategic industry that works quite steadily even during periods of economic crises, providing food security to any state, and is a source of raw material for other industries with a high potential for development, for example, for the production of cosmetics. The modern cosmetics market is represented by various cosmetic products, often expensive, but not always made from natural ingredients. Therefore, the search for the newest ingredients for the production of natural cosmetics on the basis of domestic raw materials is an urgent task of the present. Ingredients from milk serum can be used for the production of natural cosmetics that in large quantities is obtained in milk processing enterprises and often remains unprocessed. Whey protein concentrations can be a source of short-chain peptides and free amino acids for the production of various cosmetic products. The process of fermentolysis of serum proteins in nanofiltration concentrate KSB-65 with the content of dry matter of 20% using neutral peptidase C from the domestic producer at a temperature of 40 ºС with the duration of the process varying from 1 to 5 hours, the content of peptidase – from 0,5 to 2,0 U/g. It is established that the optimal parameters of the fermentolysis of serum proteins in KSB-65 are as follows: temperature 40 º C, neutral peptidase C content – 0.78 U/g, duration of fermentolysis – 3.17 hours. With optimal parameters of the fermentolysis process, the hydrolyzate of the nanofiltration concentrate KSB-65 contains the maximum amount of short chain peptides (57.03 mg/cm3) and a high concentration of free amino acids (54.66 μg/cm3). Recommendations for the further use of serum protein hydrolyzate obtained using the recommended optimal parameters of the enzyme production process from the nanofiltration concentrate KSB-65, in the manufacture of cosmetic products, including with anti-age effect, and hydrolyzates of proteins enriched with probiotic cultures of lactam bifidobacteria or their lysates.

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Pinocytosis and intracellular degradation of exogenous protein: modulation by amino acids.

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.96.6.1586 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 1586-1591 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J M Besterman ◽

J A Airhart ◽

R B Low ◽

D E Rannels

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Synthesis ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

De Novo ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Fluid Phase ◽

Cellular Protein ◽

Intracellular Degradation ◽

Exogenous Protein

Intracellular degradation of exogenous (serum) proteins provides a source of amino acids for cellular protein synthesis. Pinocytosis serves as the mechanism for delivering exogenous protein to the lysosomes, the major site of intracellular degradation of exogenous protein. To determine whether the availability of extracellular free amino acids altered pinocytic function, we incubated monolayers of pulmonary alveolar macrophages with the fluid-phase marker, [14C]sucrose, and we dissected the pinocytic process by kinetic analysis. Additionally, intracellular degradation of endogenous and exogenous protein was monitored by measuring phenylalanine released from the cell monolayers in the presence of cycloheximide. Results revealed that in response to a subphysiological level of essential amino acids or to amino acid deprivation, (a) the rate of fluid-phase pinocytosis increased in such a manner as to preferentially increase both delivery to and size of an intracellular compartment believed to be the lysosomes, (b) the degradation of exogenously supplied albumin increased, and (c) the fraction of phenylalanine derived from degradation of exogenous albumin and reutilized for de novo protein synthesis increased. Thus, modulation of the pinosome-lysosome pathway may represent a homeostatic mechanism sensitive to the availability of extracellular free amino acids.

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Profiles of serum proteins and free amino acids associated with chloroquine retinopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1034/j.1600-0420.1998.760407.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 422-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nagla K. El-Sayed ◽

Laila R. Abdel-Khalek ◽

Khadiga M. Gaafar ◽

Laila K. Hanafy

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Chloroquine Retinopathy

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Study of Epilobium angustifolium L. amino acids content by HPLC method

ScienceRise Pharmaceutical Science ◽

10.15587/2519-4852.2021.249836 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 85-90

Author(s):

Halyna Feshchenko ◽

Oleksandra Oleshchuk ◽

Liudmyla Slobodianiuk ◽

Ivanna Milian

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Glutamic Acid ◽

Aspartic Acid ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Raw Material ◽

Epilobium Angustifolium ◽

Amino Acids Composition

The use of plant raw materials is one of the areas of modern pharmaceutical science in the production of herbal drugs. The genus Epilobium counts more than 200 species, many species of which are used in traditional medicine. Among the Epilobium species, Epilobium angustifolium is one of the well-known medicinal plants which have been used worldwide in habitual medicine. There is insufficient information in the literature on the biologically active substances of Epilobium angustifolium L. The presence of three major polyphenol groups: phenolic acids, flavonoids, and ellagitannins were identified in E. angustifolium extracts. Traditionally, the infusion of leaves of this plant could be useful for headaches, cold and gastrointestinal disorder. The Epilobium angustifolium L. as an insufficiently studied plant is a promising object of study, including amino acids composition. To assess the relationship between the production of primary metabolites and their possible therapeutic properties, we analyzed the amino acid profile of the plant Epilobium angustifolium used in traditional medicine. The study of compounds generated by plants as a result of defense mechanisms permits an understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in their medicinal properties. The aim. Thus, the aim of the study was to conduct an HPLC analysis of the amino acids of E. angustifolium to establish the prospects for the use of the raw materials in medical and pharmaceutical practice. The results of the current study will be used in further breeding programs aimed to obtain an industrial form of E. angustifolium suitable for pharmaceutical and food applications. Materials and methods. The determination of amino acids composition of Epilobium angustifolium was conducted using Agilent 1200 (Agilent Technologies, USA). Results. The HPLC method identified sixteen free amino acids and seventeen bound amino acids in the Epilobium angustifolium herb. The studies have shown that Epilobium angustifolium L. herb is mainly composed of free amino acids such as L-phenylalanine (1.65 µg/mg), L-glutamic acid (1.51 µg/mg), L-arginine (1.24 µg/mg), L-alanine (0.98 µg/mg) and L-aspartic acid (0.57 µg/mg), which were presents in the greatest amount. The dominant bound amino acids in the studied raw material were L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, L-leucine, and L-alanine, the content of which was 32.37 µg/mg, 10.59 µg/mg, 8.70 µg/mg, and 6.22 µg/mg respectively. Conclusions. Using the HPLC method determined the amino acids in the herb of Epilobium angustifolium L. The concentrations of L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, L-alanine and L-phenylalanine are predominate among free and bound amino acids in the Epilobium angustifolium L. herb. The result shows that Epilobium angustifolium L. is the source of amino acids, so the use of this plant raw material for new remedies is possible in the future

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The influence of growing conditions on the nutrient composition of table grape varieties in Dagestan

Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University) ◽

10.31677/2072-6724-2020-57-4-7-15 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 7-15

Author(s):

O. K. Vlasova ◽

Z. K. Bakhmulaeva ◽

T. I. Daudova ◽

S. A. Magadova

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Functional Food ◽

Free Amino ◽

Table Grape ◽

Raw Material ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Quantitative Content ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Grape Varieties

The paper presents the results of a study on the content of free amino acids, including essential ones, vitamins C and P, biologically important macro- and microelements in table grapes of the middle ripening varieties Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg Muscat and Samur, cultivated on the plain in Southern Dagestan Region. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of free amino acids were determined by HPLC on an AAA-881 analyzer. Amino acids tryptophan, cystine and methionine were identified by paper chromatography due to the fact that they decompose when exposed to a temperature of 102 ° C in the amino analyzer reactor. The mass concentration of vitamin C was identified titrimetrically, vitamin P was identified colorimetrically (FEK-56M, Russia), the mineral composition of grapes was identified by flame and atomic absorption photometry using Flapho-4 (Germany) and Hitachi-208 (Japan) devices. Each of the varieties had 18 amino acids, including a full set of essential ones. The total number of detected amino acids was 368.5 (Ag raisins) - 279.9 mg / dm3 (Vezne), and irreplaceable ones - from 103.8 (Hamburg muscat) to 132.4 mg / dm3 (Ag raisins). All experimental grape samples contained vitamins C, from 2.6 (Galan) to 3.7 mg / dm3 (Ag raisins) and P - from 78.0 (Samur) to 131.3 mg / dm3 (Galan), as well as physiologically important minerals. Studies have shown that in terms of the amount of free amino acids, including essential vitamins C and P, healthy minerals, such grapes as Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg and Samur Muscat, grown in the south of Dagestan are natural products with functional properties. Eating it fresh contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes in the human body. Additionally, these grapes can be successfully used as a raw material for the production of multicomponent functional food.

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Serum proteins and plasma free amino acids in severe malnutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/27.7.733 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 733-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Juan M. Baertl ◽

Robert P. Placko ◽

George G. Graham

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Severe Malnutrition ◽

Plasma Free Amino Acids

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Effect of Selected Growth Stimulators on the Yield of Cilantro

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.859d ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 859D-859

Author(s):

J. Pablo Morales-Payan* ◽

William M. Stall

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Coriandrum Sativum ◽

Short Chain ◽

Seaweed Extracts

Field experiments were conducted in Citra, Fla., to determine the effect of acetylthioproline (AP, 250 mg·L-1), gibberellic acid (GA3, 50 mg·L-1), triterpenic acid (TTA, 300 mg·L-1), a commercial glycine-rich complex of free amino acids and short-chain peptides (ACP, 1500 mg·L-1), and two commercial cytokinin-rich seaweed extracts (CST and CTR, both at 30 mg·L-1) on the yield of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum). Aqueous solutions of the AP, ACP, GA3, CST, CTR, and TTA were sprayed on the leaves of cilantro at 15 and 30 days after crop emergence (DAE). Fresh and dry cilantro shoot yields were determined after harvest (60 DAE). No toxicity was apparent from the treatments. For any given treatment, fresh and dry shoot yields were positively correlated. TTA did not significantly affect cilantro yield. GA3, AP, and ACP increased fresh cilantro yield by 23%, 19%, and 16%, respectively, as compared to control plants. When CST or CTR were applied, fresh cilantro yield was 12% higher than in control plants.

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AMINO ACID PROFILE OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS PODS AND DRY EXTRACT PREPARED OF THEM

Фармацевтичний часопис ◽

10.11603/2312-0967.2019.1.9949 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 40-48

Author(s):

L. V. Vronska ◽

A. Ye. Demyd

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Total Content ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Raw Material ◽

Dry Extract

The aim of the research was to study the amino acid profile of the phaseolus vulgaris pods and extract prepared of them. Materials and methods. Five samples of raw material of phaseolus vulgaris pods (erect herbaceous bushes varieties with white seeds) were collected in the Ternopil and Volyn regions, dry extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods was obtained according to previously developed technology. The study of amino acid composition of the raw materials of phaseolus vulgaris pods and extract prepared of them was carried out using a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results and discussion. The better separation of amino acids in TLC-research of the raw material of phaseolus vulgaris pods was observed in the system of solvents isopropanol - formic acid - water (40: 2: 10). As a result of the study, aspartic and glutamic acids, glycine, valine, tyrosine and leucine were identified. The amino acid profile of the studied samples of raw material is quite homogeneous in composition: 7 essential amino acids (histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, isoleucine and leucine) and 8 non-essential amino acids (aspartic and glutamic acids, arginine, serine, glycine, alanine, tyrosine and proline); lysine was found among the bound amino acids in the 4th sample of raw material. Proline predominates in all samples of raw materials among free amino acids. Among the bound amino acids the content of glutamic acid, which is the product of the glutamine hydrolysis, is the highest. The content of glycine, serine and alanine is also high. Among the essential amino acids, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, threonine, isoleucine, valine were determined in content descending order. The quantitative determination of amino acids in the extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods proved that the content of proline was the highest (12.47 mg / g); the content of some compounds was also high: aspartic (5.41 mg / g) and glutamic (3.41 mg / g) acids, arginine (5.10 mg / g; both in free and bound forms), glycine (1.02 mg / g) and serine (1.04 mg / g). Among the essential amino acids in the extract, the amount of valine (0.80 mg / g), phenylalanine (0.67 mg / g), threonine (0.66 mg / g), leucine (0.63 mg / g) and isoleucine (0.58 mg / g) was a little different. The total content of amino acids in the extract was 3.2%. Conclusions. 1. The amino acid profile of five samples of phaseolus vulgaris pods was studied by the HPLC method. It has been established that the composition is quite homogeneous, and the total content varies within 0.7-1.1%. 2. In the dry extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods the content of 5 essential and 7 non-essential amino acids has been determined. The content of free amino acids in the extract is 0.52%; the total content of free and bound amino acids is 3.2%. 3. When studying the stability and establishing the shelf life of the dry extract of phaseolus vulgaris pods, it is necessary to take into account the presence of free amino acids and protein substances.

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Prospects for the use of Chrysanthemum coronarium (L.) in medicinal crop production

сборник статей всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием "Растениеводство и луговодство" ◽

10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-95 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M.I. Tarasova ◽

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Crop Production ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Chrysanthemum Coronarium ◽

Medicinal Crop

А brief overview of the relevance of using garland chrysanthemum (Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach syn. Chrysanthemum coronarium (L.)) as a raw material in the preparation of medicaments is introduced in this article. High contents of micro- and macroelements were found in garland chrysanthemum, as well as other biologically active compounds, of which anthraquinones, flavonoids, carotenoids and ascorbic acid can be considered the main ones, likewise vitamins B, PP and free amino acids.

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