scholarly journals IMMUNITY TO PERTUSSIS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SERONEGATIVE STATUS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Krieger ◽  
O. Samodova ◽  
L. Titova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Test System ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Factors Associated

Despite high levels of vaccination coverage, pertussis remains a serious problem. Pertussis cases are registered among infants, adolescents, and adults. Infants younger than three months of age have the highest rate of serious clinical course of pertussis. Transplacental transfer of pertussis-specific antibodies induce protection against infection. The available data on antibody level against pertussis among pregnant women in Russia are fragmentary. To evaluate the humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis in pregnant women and factors associated with seronegative status we performed cross-sectional study including 388 participants. “SeroPertussis IgG” (Israel) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay test-system was used for quantitative measurement of antibodies to pertussis toxin / hemagglutinin. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with seronegative status. The median age of the participants was 30 years. The majority of them (51,3%) did not provide documented vaccination against pertussis. A positive (protective) level of anti-pertussis antibodies (10-50 BU/ml) was revealed in the venous blood of 46,9% of pregnant women. In 25,8% of seropositive women, concentration of specific antibodies was high (> 50 BU/ml). That may indirectly indicate recent Bordetella pertussis infection. More than half of the women surveyed (53,1%) did not have a protective titer of antibodies and were considered susceptible to pertussis. Their children will not receive transplacental immunity to infection. Gestational age was significantly associated with seronegative status. Compared to women tested during the first trimester, participants in their third trimester of pregnancy were more likely to be seronegative to pertussis. The odds of being susceptible increased with increased gestational period (p for linear trend < 0,01). There were no significant differences between the seropositive and seronegative participants with regard to age, gravidity and vaccination status. Pertussis booster vaccinations for preschool children, adolescence and healthcare workers dealing with pregnant women and newborns, as well as cocoon vaccination strategy and vaccination during pregnancy, are required to be implemented to protect infants against pertussis.

scholarly journals Development and Analytical Validation of an Immunoassay for Quantifying Serum Anti-Pertussis Toxin Antibodies Resulting from Bordetella pertussis Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1781-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Menzies ◽  
Vijay Kadwad ◽  
Lucia C. Pawloski ◽  
Tsai-Lien Lin ◽  
Andrew L. Baughman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Analytical Validation ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Adequately sensitive and specific methods to diagnose pertussis in adolescents and adults are not widely available. Currently, no Food and Drug Administration-approved diagnostic assays are available for the serodiagnosis of Bordetella pertussis. Since concentrations of B. pertussis-specific antibodies tend to be high during the later phases of disease, a simple, rapid, easily transferable serodiagnostic test was developed. This article describes test development, initial evaluation of a prototype kit enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in an interlaboratory collaborative study, and analytical validation. The data presented here demonstrate that the kit met all prespecified criteria for precision, linearity, and accuracy for samples with anti-pertussis toxin (PT) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody concentrations in the range of 50 to 150 ELISA units (EU)/ml, the range believed to be most relevant for serodiagnosis. The assay met the precision and linearity criteria for a wider range, namely, from 50 to 200 EU/ml; however, the accuracy criterion was not met at 200 EU/ml. When the newly adopted World Health Organization International Standard for pertussis antiserum (human) reference reagent was used to evaluate accuracy, the accuracy criteria were met from 50 to 200 international units/ml. In conclusion, the IgG anti-PT ELISA met all assay validation parameters within the range considered most relevant for serodiagnosis. This ELISA was developed and analytically validated as a user-friendly kit that can be used in both qualitative and quantitative formats. The technology for producing the kit is transferable to public health laboratories.

Cleft Nucleus Lymphocytosis in Young Infants with Pertussis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifang Zhu ◽  
Hongqun Liao ◽  
Xiaoming Zhong ◽  
Xingyu Rao ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Young Infants

AbstractThis study aims to assess whether the cleft nucleus lymphocytosis could be an early promising clue for the diagnosis of pertussis in young infants. Pertussis (whooping cough) is a severe respiratory disease mainly caused by Bordetella pertussis infection and is characterized by a significant rise in the number of leukocyte and lymphocyte in infants and young children. In this study, the Bordetella pertussis DNA was detected from samples of pharyngeal swab by PCR assay. Levels of serum specific IgM against other respiratory pathogens were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay. The routine blood test including numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets etc. were tested by automatic hemocyte analyzer (Sysemx XN1000). Besides, the morphology of leucocytes was observed in peripheral blood smear with microscope by Wright-Giemsa stain. Three cases of pertussis with cleft nucleus lymphocytes in young infants were discussed in in the neonatal/pediatric intensive care unit in our hospital. Leukocytosis characterized by lymphocytes, as well as thrombocytosis were observed in all patients. Our results demonstrated that cleft nucleus lymphocytosis accompanied with leukocytosis and lymphocytes would be potent assistant indicators for the early diagnosis of pertussis in young children.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE HEALTH STATUS OF NEWBORNS WITH THE LEVEL VITAMIN D DURING GESTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Vasilieva E.N. ◽  
Zhamlikhanova S.S. ◽  
Okhotina T.N. ◽  
Levitskaya V.M. ◽  
Sidorova T.N.
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Epigenetic Programming ◽  
Relationship Of

Most of pregnant women have a low vitamin D content, which undoubtedly negatively affects the course of pregnancy and the quality of health of newborn children. Vitamin D is involved in the implantation process, placental function and epigenetic programming of the fetus. Low vitamin D supply affects fetal and newborn development and health in childhood and adulthood. Purpose of the study: comparative analysis of the health of newborns depending on the level of vitamin D during gestation. Research materials: venous blood of women and blood from the umbilical cord of newborns. The method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using BIOMEDICAGRUPPE (Germany) kits was used to determine the level of vitamin D. A comparative analysis of the quality of health of newborns was carried out depending on the level of vitamin D in the venous blood of pregnant women. The study revealed that the low content of vitamin D in the blood of the umbilical cord is due to the low supply of vitamin D in the mother's blood. An insufficient level of vitamin D was revealed in pregnant women who did not take vitamin D preparations. with a lower body weight and with a lower Apgar score, with a large number of perinatal complications - this confirms the important role of vitamin D supply in the functioning of the mother−placenta−fetus system.

scholarly journals Anaemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy in rural Bangladesh

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Ziauddin Hyder ◽  
Lars-Åke Persson ◽  
Mushtaque Chowdhury ◽  
Bo Lönnerdal ◽  
Eva-Charlotte Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjective:To study the prevalence of anaemia and its association with measures of iron deficiency (ID) among a group of pregnant women.Design:Cross-sectional survey.Setting:Pregnant women identified through house-to-house visits and participating in community-based antenatal care activities in a rural location of Mymensingh, Bangladesh.Subjects:The estimates are based on 214 reportedly healthy pregnant women in their second trimester. Information on socio-economic status and reproductive history were obtained through home visits and venous blood samples were collected at antenatal care centres. Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) was measured by HemoCue, serum ferritin (sFt) by radioimmunoassay and serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. ID was defined as presence of either low sFt (<12 μg l−1) or high sTfR (>8.5 mg l−1).Results:The prevalence of anaemia (Hb <110 g l−1) was 50%, but severe anaemia (Hb >70 g l−1) was absent. Low sFt was observed in 42%, high sTfR in 25%, either low sFt or high TfR in 54% and both low sFt and high TfR in 13% of the pregnant women. Two out of three anaemic women had an indication of ID, which was present in 80% of women with moderate (Hb 70–99 g l−1) and 50% with mild (Hb 100–109 g l−1) anaemia. Four out of 10 non-anaemic women (Hb >110 g l−1) also had ID, but the prevalence was significantly lower than that observed in anaemic women (P=0.001).Conclusions:Despite the high prevalence of anaemia, severe cases were absent. The prevalence of ID increased at lower Hb. However, an increased prevalence was also found among women in the highest category of Hb.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS AND FEATURES OF THE HUMORAL RESPONSE TO COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
E. I. Dubrovskyi ◽  
B. V. Donskoi
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Test System ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
High Level

Introduction. This publication describes the continuation of a research to determine the level of specific antibodies in patients in the long term after being suffered from COVID-19. Materials and methods. For this phase of the research, a group of patients who relapsed into a COVID-19 eight months ago (240 days) was examined. The group consists of 42 people. All patients, with no exception, had positive PCR results on COVID-19. Some patients were treated in Hospital № 4 in the infectious department, the other part was treated on an outpatient basis. All patients were relatively divided into two age groups: from 18 to 39 (n = 13) and from 40 to 65 (n = 28). The light form of disease was detected in 29 patients, the moderate form – in 11 and the severe one – in 1 patient. Afterwards the level of the antibodies was controlled on the 60th, 90th, 150th and 240th day after the onset. All patients were tested for antibodies to COVID-19 by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) performed on the equipment: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Tecan (Austria); PW 40 Microplate Washer (France). ELISA set for serology COVID-19 test system IgG SARS-CoV-2 VitroTest (Ukraine). Results. According to the first stage of the research, it was recorded that the immune humoral response to Covid-19 was formed in 82 % into the group – in 54 of 66 people. Subsequently, 42 out of 54 individuals with positive antibody levels participated. Analyzing the group of those who have antibodies, we obtained the following results on day 240 from the onset of the disease: IgG levels remain above the threshold level of 80 % (n = 35). It is interesting to note that in 56 % (n = 23) the level of antibodies remains at a very high level. In 20 % (n = 8) into the group, the level of antibodies significantly decreased throughout the research period and became below the threshold by 240 days. Conclusion. Analyzing the data obtained over 8 months (240 days), certain conclusions can be drawn. The maximum level of antibodies was recorded on day 40 from the onset of the disease. It was shown that in the group of patients who had a positive level of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 above the threshold, IgG did not disappear in any patient between 40 and 150 days. However, the downward trend was observed in 20 % of respondents. In this cohort of patients, the antibodies disappeared by day 240. In most patients (80 %) who recover into SARS-CoV-2, IgG levels remain high for at least 240 days.

scholarly journals Immunization status of Iranian military recruits against Bordetella pertussis infection (whooping cough)

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 224-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Izadi ◽  
Shahla Afsharpaiman ◽  
Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari ◽  
Reza Ranjbar ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Gooya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Military Recruits

Introduction: Military recruits are susceptible to respiratory pathogens because of increased antibiotic resistance and the lack of an effective vaccine. The goal of the current study was to determine the immunological status of the Bordetella pertussis among conscripts in Iranian military garrisons. Methodology: The study population consisted of 424 conscripts aged 18 to 21 years who enrolled for military service. They were selected using cluster stratified sampling from all military garrisons in Tehra, Iran. To determine the seroprevalence of infection, blood specimens from all recruits were collected and stored at - 20°C until assayed. All serum samples were screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) and by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The overall prevalence of B. pertussis seropositivity in military recruits was 60.6. Only 55.0% of the recruits had low awareness about the record of vaccination against B. pertussis during childhood. Among 424 studied individuals, 48 recruits (11.3%) had a positive history of whooping cough; prevalence of seropositivity in these recruits was 70.0%. Among these subjects, 61.7% were referred to a physician for treatment and only 39.6% of them were administered anti-pertussis therapy. Conclusions: Our study showed that military conscripts in Tehran garrisons were not serologically immune to pertussis and also confirmed the low awareness about vaccination and medical history related to pertussis infection in this high-risk subgroup of the Iranian population. Routine acellular booster vaccination, particularly before 18 years of age, is recommended.

STUDY OF HEPSIDIN AND OTHER REGULATORY PROTEINS IN DIFFERENT PERIODS OF PREGNANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 477-480
Author(s):  
Ilaha Jamshid Shahverdiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Definition Of

This research paper presents the results of a study of some indicators of iron metabolism in anaemia in pregnant women. The venous blood of 39 pregnant women with anaemia was examined. Serum ferritin, ferroportin and hepcidin were investigated for this purpose. The comparison group consisted of 19 pregnant women without anaemia. The haemoglobin concentration was measured by using «Mythic-18» haematological autoanalyzer. The concentrations of hepcidin and ferroportin were determined by using «Cloud-Clone Corp.» (USA), and ferritin concentrations were determined by using «Pishtaz teb» (Iran) reagents through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The study revealed a significant decrease in the level of ferritin, hepcidin and a significant increase in ferroportin level. A comprehensive definition of various indicators of iron metabolism provides important information not only for understanding the pathogenesis of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women but also for early diagnosis of the disease and the appointment of the correct treatment.

Prevalence of Antibody to Bordetella pertussis in Neonates and Prevalence of Recent Pertussis Infection in Pregnant Women in Catalonia (Spain) in 2003 and 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1114-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Plans ◽  
Elena Álvarez ◽  
Fernando de Ory ◽  
Magda Campins ◽  
Toni Payà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Pertussis Infection

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology ofToxoplasma gondiiamongst Pregnant Women in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Aqeely ◽  
Eman K. El-Gayar ◽  
Darakhshan Perveen Khan ◽  
Abdullah Najmi ◽  
Ayesha Alvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of worldwide distribution. There is limited information about the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the southern area of Saudi Arabia. The current study was carried out to determine the prevalence ofT. gondiiin pregnant women in Jazan province.Materials and Methods.The study was conducted between January and June 2013 and included 195 pregnant women, data on sociodemographic and predisposing factors were collected from each participant. Venous blood samples were collected following standard operating procedures. Serological analysis for latent toxoplasmosis (levels of IgG) and active toxoplasmosis (IgM) was done using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Results.The overall seroprevalence ofT. gondiiin the study area was 24.1%. The seroprevalence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG was 20% (39 out of 195), whereas IgM seropositivity was 6.2% (12 out of 195). Only 4 pregnant women tested positive for both IgG and IgM. The highest IgG and IgM seroprevalence was among the study participants aged 35 to 39 years (13.5% and 35.1%, resp.). The seropositivity rate ofT. gondii-specific antibodies was higher among pregnant women from the urban areas than those from rural communities (7.4% versus 0% and 21% versus 15.4% for IgM and IgG, resp.).Conclusions.The seroprevalence ofT. gondiiwas high in pregnant woman in Jazan. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis increases with increase of age. Awareness health education program in Jazan needs to be maintained and developed to targeted pregnant women.

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