scholarly journals QUALITY OF WATER DRAINAGE IN THE NORTHEAST REGION OF BRAZIL USING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVIY AND SODIUM ADSORPTION RATIO

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-272
Author(s):  
Ariovaldo Antonio Tadeu Lucas ◽  
Jéssica Marcy Silva Melo ◽  
Airon José da Silva ◽  
Antenor Oliveira Aguiar Netto
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Drainage Channel ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Irrigated Perimeter ◽  
Semi Arid

QUALITY OF WATER DRAINAGE IN THE NORTHEAST REGION OF BRAZIL USING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVIY AND SODIUM ADSORPTION RATIO     ARIOVALDO ANTONIO TADEU LUCAS1; JÉSSICA MARCY SILVA MELO2 SANTOS; AIRON JOSÉ DA SILVA3 E ANTENOR OLIVEIRA AGUIAR  NETTO4   1Professor do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Sergipe – Campus São Cristóvão – SE, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jd. Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão – SE, Brasil. Email: [email protected]  2Mestranda do curso de Pós-graduação em Recursos Hídricos, Universidade Federal de Sergipe – Campus São Cristóvão – SE, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jd. Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão – SE, Brasil. Email: [email protected]  3Professor do Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe – Campus São Cristóvão – SE, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jd. Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão – SE, Brasil. Email: [email protected]  4 Professor do Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe – Campus São Cristóvão – SE, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jd. Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão – SE, Brasil. Email: [email protected]      1 ABSTRACT   Water and soil salinity are major concerns in irrigated agriculture, and electrical conductivity must be taken into consideration when planning irrigation. The Jacaré-Curituba irrigated perimeter, located in the municipality of Poço Redondo, state of Sergipe, Northeast Brazil, lies in a semi-arid region and has the characteristic of being geared toward family farming. Thus, this work had as objective to evaluate the electrical conductivity (EC) of the water and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of the drainage water of a saline soil recovery area in field conditions. The field experiment was conducted in saline-sodium soil in irrigated plots, and the experimental design was completely randomized, with nine water sampling points and three replications. The collection points were as follows: drainage channel input (CDI), drainage channel outlet (CDO), lateral drains for each plot (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6) and useful water for irrigation (IW), with six water sampling campaigns being performed. The induced results showed that drain water has a much high risk of causing salinity.   Keywords: irrigated perimeter, salinity, semi-arid, irrigated agriculture.     LUCAS, A. A. T.; SANTOS, J. M. S. M.; DA SILVA, A., J.; AGUIAR NETTO, A., O. QUALIDADE DA DRENAGEM DE ÁGUA DA REGIÃO NORDESTE DO BRASIL UTILIZANDO CONDUTIVIDADE ELÉTRICA E RAZÃO DE ADSORÇÃO DE SÓDIO     2 RESUMO   A salinidade do solo e da água é uma grande preocupação na agricultura irrigada, sendo que a condutividade elétrica deve ser considerada no planejamento da irrigação. O perímetro irrigado Jacaré-Curituba localizado no município de Poço Redondo, estado de Sergipe, Nordeste do Brasil, se situa na região semiárida e tem como característica ser voltado para agricultura familiar. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a condutividade elétrica da água (CE) e a razão de adsorção de sódio (RAS) da água de drenagem de uma área de recuperação de solo salino-sódico em condição de campo. O experimento de campo foi realizado em solo salino-sódico em lotes irrigados, sendo que o delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com nove pontos de amostragem de água e três repetições. Os pontos de coleta foram os seguintes: início da entrada do canal de drenagem (CDI), saída do canal de drenagem (CDO), drenos laterais para cada parcela (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6) e água utilizada para irrigação (IW), sendo realizadas seis campanhas de amostragem de água. Os resultados mostraram que a água de drenagem tem um risco alto e muito alto de causar salinidade.   Palavras-chave: perímetro irrigado, salinidade, região semiárida, agricultura irrigada.

Support Irrigation Water Management of Cereals Using Optical Remote Sensing and Modeling in a Semi-Arid Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Benabdelouahab ◽  
Hayat Lionboui ◽  
Rachid Hadria ◽  
Riad Balaghi ◽  
Abdelghani Boudhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Irrigated Perimeter ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Irrigated agriculture is an important strategic sector for Morocco, contributing to food security and employment. Nowadays, irrigation scheme managers shall ensure that water is optimally used. The main objective was to support the irrigation monitoring and management of wheat in the irrigated perimeter using optical remote sensing and crop modeling. The potential of spectral indices derived from SPOT-5 images was explored for quantifying and mapping surface water content changes at large scale. Indices were computed using the reflectance in red, near infrared, and shortwave infrared bands. A field crop model (AquaCrop) was adjusted and tested to simulate the grain yield and the temporal evolution of soil moisture status. This research aimed at providing a scientific and technical approach to assist policymakers and stakeholders to improve monitoring irrigation and mitigating wheat water stress at field and irrigation perimeter levels in semi-arid areas. The approach could lead to operational management tools for an efficient irrigation at field and regional levels.

scholarly journals Risiko Pemanfaatan Air Baku POKMAIR Watumalang Melalui Tinjauan Cemaran Koliform

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Pujiyati Pujiyati ◽  
Prabang Setyono ◽  
Wiryanto Wiryanto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Utilization ◽  
Quality Of Water

Watumalang, Wonosobo, is a district with substantial spring utilization (60.66%). Limited management in quality of water utilization is considered a risk to health, especially from coliform contamination. The purpose of this study is to assess the risk of using raw water of POKMAIR group (spring users), specifically from the coliform aspect. The study was conducted primarily by water sampling and respondent questionnaires. Data analysis was performed descriptively and correlatively. The result shows that 71% of water samples did not meet the requirements as clean water from the coliform aspect. Utilization risk assessment shows that 37.5% of high-risk villages. Further analysis shows that the closest relationship to coliform was the ownership of sanitation facilities (r -0,381).

scholarly journals The assessment of the physicochemical quality of water intended for irrigation of Oued Méskiana (Oum El Bouaghi) Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Zidi Anissa ◽  
Menad Ahmed ◽  
Senoussi Mohamed Mourad ◽  
Zaidi Kenza
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Downstream Site ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract The aquatic ecosystem of the Meskiana Valley (wilaya of Oum El Bouaghi) covers a large area with a permanent flow and a semi-arid climate characterized by a strong evapotranspiration. In order to determine the Physico-chemical quality, pollution and salinity of the water of the river of Meskiana and more particularly in its downstream part which is exposed to wastewater discharges, analyses were carried out at the level of three sampling points: witness, the upstream (before spill), downstream (after spill)). In order to prevent the risk of alkalization and salinization of soil, the sodium absorption rate (SAR) and the percentage of sodium were determined and represented on the Wilcox and Riverside diagram. The high concentrations of polluting chemical elements and excessive salinity obtained at the downstream site show a high risk of pollution and salinization.

Non-Metal Pollution (Fluoride)

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-30
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Semi Arid

In this chapter, the authors describe Fluoride contamination spread in the environment. Fluoride in groundwater is a serious problem. Groundwater is the most valuable fresh water used for drinking purposes in different areas. Irrigation is one primordial sector in India where one-third of land surface falls under arid and semi-arid climate, and rainfall is seasonal and erratic. Semi-arid climate prevailing in Tonk district necessitates the characterization of groundwater quality for optimizing its use in irrigation as well as in domestic consumption. The majority of underground water contains a high concentration of salts, and their continuous use adversely affects soil, animal, and plant health, and thereby crop production. The plant-based phytoremediation approach to improve the quality of water and soil has become an area of importance to study regarding Fluoride.

Three-Fold Remedial Measures for Groundwater Protection: Case Study of the Khathkari Stream, Pune District, India

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Nasrollah Kalantari ◽  
S. S. Thigale
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Protection ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Hydrochemical Studies ◽  
Low Precipitation ◽  
Semi Arid

A vast tract in Maharashtra State of India, constituted of horizontally disposed basaltic flows of Cretaceous-Eocene age, falls in the semi-arid climatic zone characterised by low precipitation and high temperature and evaporation. Such areas are marked by the variety of calcretes including massive, honeycomb, nodular, and powdery types. These calcretes which owe their origin to both pedogenic and nonpedogenic processes, are responsible for imparting the salinity to the groundwater. An integrated approach, involving geological, hydrogeological and hydrochemical studies, has been employed for delineating the boundary of saline and fresh waters in the groundwater system and evaluating the variation in salinity in the area around the Khathkari stream (18 13’ to 18 18’ N latitudes, and 74 13’ to 74 22’E longitudes) in Pune district. The paper briefly presents the data collected during the course of the work and incorporates the three-fold remedial measures such as i) protecting fresh water that occurs at deeper depth, ii) improving the present quality of water and iii) suggesting an appropriate crop-pattern that can stand for present and improved quality of water.

scholarly journals Analysis of water quality in the watershed Brazilian semiarid

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Viviane Farias Silva ◽  
Dihego Souza Pessoa ◽  
Thalis Leandro Bezerra Lima ◽  
Ana Maria Ferreira Cosme ◽  
Vera Lucia Antunes Lima
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Renewable Natural Resource ◽  
Entire Planet ◽  
Semi Arid

Water is a renewable natural resource, important for maintenance of life on the entire planet. Even with this significance is a feature that has been degraded and reduced the quality to use. In the Brazilian semi-arid region water scarcity by influencing the quality of life of the population, directly affecting the socio-economic and development means. In this context, the present research was conducted aiming to evaluate the water quality in the watershed Brazilian semiarid. The survey was conducted in three watersheds (Capibaribe river, Ipojuca river and Igarassu river) in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil.  Water Quality Index (WQI) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) annual averages of the year 2006 to 2015.  In Capibaribe river watershed the largest concentrations of BOD occurred in 213, 2014 and 2015, with average was 4.95 mg/L. By increasing the BOD value there is a reduction of WQI. The Igarassu river, it was verified that from 2006 to 2014 the hydrographic basin has water quality classified as good. The BOD in the waters of the Ipojuca river has little influence on the water quality index.There is a degradation on the quality of water of basins due mainly to anthropic pollution.

scholarly journals Determinación de la presencia de nitratos/nitritos y manganeso en el agua proveniente del pozo que alimenta la zona baja del cantón Huaquillas.// Determination of the presence of nitrates/nitrites and manganese in the water from the well that feeds the lower area of the Huaquillas Canton

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Oscar Román Samaniego ◽  
Liliana Alexandra Cortez Suárez ◽  
Juanita Arce Rodríguez ◽  
Cristian Hidalgo Romero ◽  
Margarita Cajas Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Human Consumption ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Public Network ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
La Red

El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue determinar los niveles de nitratos, nitritos y manganeso en el agua del pozo “Parador Turístico”; además, la presencia de agentes patógenos y su incidencia en la salud de los habitantes de las Ciudadelas: La Primavera, Miraflores, 24 de Mayo, Milton Reyes y 9 de Octubre de la parte baja del cantón Huaquillas. Se tomó 5 puntos de muestras de agua, además se encuestó a 379 habitantes. De los análisis obtenidos se  verificó y evaluó los niveles de nitratos y de manganeso presentes en el agua del pozo Parador Turístico y en los puntos de toma de muestra de las ciudadelas analizadas, resultó que están muy por debajo y por encima de los límites permisibles para consumo humano, respectivamente, por lo tanto nos afecta la calidad de agua, sumado a ello existe un alta presencia de agentes patógenos en el agua distribuida al sector. Por consiguiente, se concluyó que esto representa posibles problemas a la salud de la población que hace uso de ella. 50% de las personas encuestadas consideró que la calidad del agua de la red pública es regular, y 64% de la población considera que no es apta para el consumo.ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to determine the levels of nitrates, nitrites and manganese in the water from the "Parador Turístico" well; in addition the presence of pathogens and its influence on the health of the inhabitants of the La Primavera, Miraflores, 24 de Mayo, Milton Reyes, and  9 de Octubre citadels from the lower part of the Huaquillas canton. Five points of water samples from the study area were taken, as well as 379 inhabitants were surveyed. From the obtained analysis, the levels of nitrate and manganese present in the “Parador Turístico” well water and the water sampling points citadels were verified and assessed; these results are below and above the allowable limits for human consumption, respectively, therefore it affects the quality of water, in addition there is a high presence of pathogens in the sector water. Accordingly, it was concluded that this represents potential problems to the health of the population which makes use of it. 50% of the people surveyed considered that the water quality from the public network is regular, and 64% of the population considers that it is not suitable for consumption.

scholarly journals Influence of extreme hydrological events in the quality of water reservoirs in the semi-arid tropical region

RBRH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline do Vale Figueiredo ◽  
Vanessa Becker
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Extreme Hydrological Events ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Heavy Rains

ABSTRACT Inland water environments, such as natural and artificial lakes, are increasingly vulnerable to extreme events (heavy rains, severe drought). This study aims to evaluate if this events affect the water quality of tropical semi-arid springs. The results showed that the reservoirs presented significant changes in the limnological variables between the rainy season and severe drought periods. However, different behaviors were observed among reservoirs in the period of severe drought, which indicate that the responses of these environments to extreme events should take into account other factors such as the climate of the region, the size and depth of the reservoir.

scholarly journals Avaliação da qualidade das águas superficiais da sub-bacia do rio Capivari no município de Chapada do Norte – MG / Evaluation of the quality of surface waters of the Capivari river sub-basin in the municipality of Chapada do Norte - MG

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Paulo Sergio Ferreira Costa
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Biological Water ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
The City ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>A água é um dos recursos naturais mais preciosos e é indispensável à manutenção da vida. Conhecer a quantidade e a qualidade dos recursos hídricos do país é pressuposto para definição de estratégias que busquem a sua conservação, recuperação e o seu uso racional é meta imprescindível para toda a sociedade. Sabe-se que a<strong> </strong>ocupação e o uso do solo alteram os processos físicos, químicos e biológicos dos recursos hídricos. Não obstante ser o país mais bem aquinhoado em termos percentuais de água doce, sua distribuição geográfica é bastante irregular no Brasil. Regiões como o semiárido nordestino e o Vale do Jequitinhonha mineiro, historicamente enfrentam problemas relacionados à falta d’água. Nos últimos anos essa situação tem piorado, em termos de quantidade e qualidade. Assim, a proposta deste trabalho consiste na avaliação da qualidade das águas superficiais da sub-bacia do rio Capivari no município de Chapada do Norte, Alto Jequitinhonha, nordeste de Minas Gerais. Foi utilizado como técnica de análise o Índice de Qualidade da Água – IQA, utilizado pelos principais órgãos de gestão das águas do país, como a CETESB/SP e o IGAM/MG.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave: </strong>Sub-bacia do rio Capivari; Chapada do Norte; IQA.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Water is one of the most precious natural resources and is indispensable to the maintenance of life. Knowing the quantity and quality of water resources of the country is a precondition for developing strategies that seek their conservation, recovery and rational use and indispensable goal for the whole society. It is known that the occupation and land use modify the physical, chemical and biological water resources. Despite being the country's most well apportioned in freshwater percentage terms, their geographical distribution is quite irregular in Brazil. Regions such as the semi-arid Northeast and Vale do Jequitinhonha in Minas Gerais State historically face problems related to lack of water. In the last years the situation has worsened in terms of quantity and quality. Thus, the purpose of this study is to measure the quality of surface water in the basin of the Capivari river in the city of Chapada do Norte, Alto Jequitinhonha, northeast of Minas Gerais. It was used as analysis technique the Water Quality Index - WQI, used by the main agencies of the water management in Brazil, such as CETESB / SP and IGAM / MG.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Key Words: </strong>sub-basin of Capivari river; Chapada do Norte; WQI.</p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave: </strong>Sub-bacia do rio Capivari; Chapada do Norte; IQA.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p>Water is one of the most precious natural resources and is indispensable to the maintenance of life. Knowing the quantity and quality of water resources of the country is a precondition for developing strategies that seek their conservation, recovery and rational use and indispensable goal for the whole society. It is known that the occupation and land use modify the physical, chemical and biological water resources. Despite being the country's most well apportioned in freshwater percentage terms, their geographical distribution is quite irregular in Brazil. Regions such as the semi-arid Northeast and Vale do Jequitinhonha in Minas Gerais State historically face problems related to lack of water. In the last years the situation has worsened in terms of quantity and quality. Thus, the purpose of this study is to measure the quality of surface water in the basin of the Capivari river in the city of Chapada do Norte, Alto Jequitinhonha, northeast of Minas Gerais. It was used as analysis technique the Water Quality Index - WQI, used by the main agencies of the water management in Brazil, such as CETESB / SP and IGAM / MG.</p><p><strong>Key Words: </strong>sub-basin of Capivari river; Chapada do Norte; WQI.</p>

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