scholarly journals Recollections of the Future in the Italian Text of Andrei Beloborodov

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Italian Text ◽  
Graphic Artist ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Architectural Tradition ◽  
Artistic Heritage ◽  
The City ◽  
Revolutionary Period

This article explores the work of Andrei Yakovlevich Beloborodov (1886–1965), an architect, graphic artist, and memoirist. An outstanding representative of Russian emigration, he has long been ranked among the names of the highest order abroad. Beloborodov gained great fame in Italy, where he settled down in 1934 and where his gift as an architect and graphic artist flourished. Beloborodov was an author of the iconic architectural and publishing projects of the early twentieth century; however, his name has been forgotten in his homeland. The article tracks the biographical background of the artist’s work and the pre-revolutionary period of their formation, later described by Beloborodov in his Memoirs. The author examines the place of the Palladian architect in the architectural tradition of the early twentieth century, which revived great Italian classicism in St Petersburg. Beloborodov’s work is explored comprehensively: his memoir heritage is interpreted as part of a single discourse of a retrospective architect, while his outstanding long-term graphic cycle The Great Island (Grande Isola, 1939–1953) is considered part of the general mnemonic tradition of Russian abroad, which was especially clearly manifested in the literature of the first wave of Russian emigration. Special attention is paid to the image of the city as a model of the world in the artist’s graphic design. Beloborodov’s philosophy of the city and fantasy urban cycles are considered as part of the émigré “post-Petersburg” text. At the same time, the island symbolism and metaphorical architectural images in the cycle Great Island are compared with the “architectural” code of the later projects of the Russian abroad in the interwar years (Chisla and Novy Grad magazines). The article’s author employs historical, hermeneutic, and comparative research methods. The purpose of the work is to actualise Beloborodov’s artistic heritage. One of the main results of the study is to provide a multidimensional reception of this outstanding architect/idiosyncratic memoirist and help study his urban metaphysics as a close interweaving of Italian and Russian architectural traditions, a vivid illustration of the relevant sociopolitical and cultural dialogue of the 1930s around the international place of the Russian abroad.

The Modern City

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANE E. DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Shifting Balance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City ◽  
Rich History

What constitutes modern Mexico? Is there a clear distinction between the historic and modern Mexico City? And if there are, does this distinctions hold up throughout the twentieth century, when what is apparent is a mix of legacies coexisting overtime? This chapter discusses the semiotics of history and modernity. It discusses the struggle of the Mexico City to find its own image including its struggle to preserve historic buildings amidst the differing political alliances that either promote change or preserve the past. However, past is not a single entity, hence if the preservation of the rich history of Mexico is pursued, the question arises as to what periods of history represented in the city are to be favoured in its future development. In this chapter, the focus is on the paradoxes of the Torre Bicentenario and on the pressures to preserve Mexico’s past, the ways they have been juxtaposed against the plans for its future and how the balance of these views has shifted over time. It determines the key actors and the institutions who have embraced history as opposed to progress, identifies the set of forces that dominated in the city’s twentieth-century history, and assesses the long-term implications of the shifting balance for the social, spatial and built environmental character of the city. The chapter ends with a discussion on the current role played by the cultural and historical authorities in determining the fate of the city.

The limits of comparison: institutional mortality rates, long-term confinement and causes of death during the early twentieth century

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltraud Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Modern World ◽  
British India ◽  
Psychiatric Institution ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material

This article presents a case study of institutional trends in a psychiatric institution in British India during the early twentieth century. It focuses on mortality statistics and long-term confinement rates as well as causes of death. The intention is two-fold: first, to provide new material that potentially lends itself to comparison with the few existing institutional case studies that have explored this particular period; second, to highlight some of the problems inherent in the status of the statistics and the conceptual categories used, and to consider the challenges these pose for any intended comparative and transnational assessment. Furthermore, it is suggested that historians working on the history of western institutions ought to look beyond the confining rim of Eurocentric self-containment and relate their research to other institutions around the world. It is important for social historians to abstain from uncritically reproducing hegemonic histories of the modern world in which western cultures and nations are posited by default as the centre or metropolis and the rest as peripheries whose social and scientific developments may be seen to be of exotic interest, but merely derivative and peripheral.

“A Season in Hell”

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Rees
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Women Travelers ◽  
The City ◽  
Travel Accounts

Australian women travelers in early twentieth-century New York often recoiled from the frenetic pace of the city, which surpassed anything encountered in either Britain or Australia. This article employs their travel accounts to lend support to the growing recognition that modernity took different forms throughout the world and to contribute to the project of mapping those differences. I argue that “hustle” was a defining feature of the New York modern, comparatively little evident in Australia, and I propose that the southern continent had developed a model of modern life that privileged pleasure-seeking above productivity. At a deeper level, this line of thinking suggests that modernization should not be conflated with the relentless acceleration of daily life; it thus complicates the ingrained assumption that speed and modernity go hand-in-hand.

Volksconcerte in Vienna and Late Nineteenth-Century Ideology of the Symphony

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 421-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Notley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The People ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The City

Late nineteenth-century journalistic criticism in Vienna offers many precedents for Paul Bekker's interpretation of the symphony. Beethoven's symphonies provided the model for an aesthetics of the genre-couched in metaphors connecting it to "the people"-that motivated the reception of works by Brahms and Bruckner. Activists who wished to inaugurate symphonic Volksconcerte in the city took the figurative utopian function of the genre literally. Though their efforts were confounded not only by institutionalized elitism but also by the preferences of the Viennese Volk for other kinds of music, their work bore fruit in the early twentieth century with the founding of the Wiener Konzertverein and the Arbeiter-Symphonie-Konzerte.

Parliamentary Reform

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Pentland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Political History ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Parliamentary Reform ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Term Analysis

This chapter evaluates the large volume of creative scholarship that has reinterpreted and recast our understanding of the ‘heroic age’ of parliamentary reform before the early twentieth century. In doing so, it argues that this varied body of work in itself highlights the value of parliamentary reform as an area for historical research, not least because it has acted as a fertile source of new questions and approaches for political history more generally. Its centrality to accounts of Britain’s political past makes the conspicuous absence of historical accounts of parliamentary reform over the longue durée puzzling. The chapter ends by discussing whether a long-term analysis of parliamentary reform is desirable or possible and examining the potential for historical research into parliamentary reform after 1945.

scholarly journals Race and Pregnancy Outcomes in the Twentieth Century: A Long-Term Comparison

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1056-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
DORA L. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

Untreated syphilis explained one-third of the higher prematurity rates of black relative to white babies born at Johns Hopkins in the early twentieth century. Differences in prematurity rates explained 41 percent of the black-white stillbirth gap and one-quarter of the black-white birth weight gap. Black babies had lower mortality and higher weight gain than white babies during the first ten days of life spent in the hospital because of higher black breast-feeding rates. Historically low birth weights may have a long reach: in 1988 maternal birth weight accounted for 5–8 percent of the gap in black-white birth weights.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE FORMATION OF THE URBAN OBJECT STRUCTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
Ivan Vysochyn ◽  
Serhii Borodai ◽  
Dmytro Borodai ◽  
Serhii Galushka ◽  
Artem Borodai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
General Network ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The City

In the article was found that the planned location of new or expansion of existing production clearly coincided with the movement of certain segments of the population to these regions for employment, examining and analyzing the problems of migration of the population of the former USSR. The researches of the Russian town-planners Bocharov Y.P.,       Belousov V.M., Vladimirov V.V., Maloyan G.A., Lezhava I.G. and other are devoted the problems of development of the theory of settlement with loss of planning component in development of systems of settlement and general plans of cities in new market (social and economic) conditions. Leading domestic urban planners have devoted their research to the problems of the development of the theory of settlement in Ukraine, the system of settlement and the development of master plans in modern market conditions (1992-2014). Some of them are Filvarov G.K., Yezhov V.I.,   Demin M.M., Lavrik G.I., Repin V.M., Timokhin V.O., Shkodovsky Y.M., Rudnitsky A .М. and other. The article presents the stages of formation of production relations, social, economic, architectural and spatial evolution under the pressure of migration processes, based on the analysis and research: The formation of the labor market (places of employment) in the development of industry, transport links and resettlement (early nineteenth - early twentieth century). Urbanization of cities in the early twentieth century due to migrations (free labor) from near and far agglomerations. Urbanization of the late twentieth century due to the release of labor (the collapse of the collective and state farm system). Under the pressure of migration and transport processes the compositional and planning spatial structure of the city is determined by the following aspects: the hierarchy of the city in the general network of settlements; the level of the city's public transport network; mobility of city residents; location of attractive objects for migrants in the city planning structure; socio-demographic characteristics of residents. Territories of cities with developed production are becoming the poles of industrial industry with the latest technologies, as well as centers of business.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Saylor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Disruption ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
Musical Modernism

The introduction lays out the paradoxical nature of early twentieth-century pastoral music, contrasting its large-scale popularity among listeners with its long-term critical dismissal. However, if considered as a manifestation of what Peter Stansky calls the “radical domestic”—the bringing about of significant cultural changes incrementally, so as to avoid political and social disruption—then pastoralism actually reflects an important facet of British musical modernism. Arising after 1920, this new idiom departed from more traditional evocations of the pastoral associated with the Romantic era, but still embraced a similarly broad array of topics even as the stylistic range began to narrow.

Selling Home

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-145
Author(s):  
Abigail McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Department Stores ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Home Deliveries ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Window Displays ◽  
Market Density ◽  
The City

This essay explores the emergence of new forms of retail in late nineteenth and early twentieth century Bombay, an era which saw the development of new shopping districts, department stores, showrooms, and retail culture in the city. In a city known for its market density and commercial vibrancy, elite retailers tried to reach out to consumers in new ways, enticing them in from the street with window displays, standardized product lines, and novel assemblages of goods, while also contacting consumers directly through catalogues, flyers, designs sent on request, and home deliveries. Focusing on major department stores like the Army and Navy Stores and Whiteaway Laidlaw, major nationalist concerns like the Bombay Swadeshi Store and Godrej and Boyce, as well as smaller showrooms featuring fewer ranges of goods, the essay argues that novel retail strategies efforts helped to shape not just how things were sold but what was desired in Bombay—noting in particular how efforts to sell domestic furnishings promoted new ideas about what the home should be.

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