MODERN TRENDS OF FORMATION OF ARCHITECTURE OF INTERIORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AIR STATIONS

The ecological tendencies of forming of architecture of interiors of modern eco-air terminals for determination of leading principles of design and methods of forming of eco-interiors of this type of structures are elucidated. It is determined that ecological construction, eco-modernization and eco-reconstruction are important components of the success of modern airports. The modern eco-terminal is transformed into a sophisticated architectural object that reduces the environmental footprint. It is determined that the modern ecological environment of airport interiors is created with the help of non-standard planning solutions, organic bionic forms and eco materials. This environment is developed taking into account innovative technologies based on the synthesis of elements that determine its character: the basic design (its environmental characteristics), the symbolism of the form, the quality of natural light, the harmonious use of color and decoration, as well as natural materials, objects of phyto- and aqua-design, as living material that benefits the health of passengers, creating a comfortable microclimate and a good combination with nature.

THE INFLUENCE OF MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE FORMATION OF THE URBAN OBJECT STRUCTURE

In the article was found that the planned location of new or expansion of existing production clearly coincided with the movement of certain segments of the population to these regions for employment, examining and analyzing the problems of migration of the population of the former USSR. The researches of the Russian town-planners Bocharov Y.P., Belousov V.M., Vladimirov V.V., Maloyan G.A., Lezhava I.G. and other are devoted the problems of development of the theory of settlement with loss of planning component in development of systems of settlement and general plans of cities in new market (social and economic) conditions. Leading domestic urban planners have devoted their research to the problems of the development of the theory of settlement in Ukraine, the system of settlement and the development of master plans in modern market conditions (1992-2014). Some of them are Filvarov G.K., Yezhov V.I., Demin M.M., Lavrik G.I., Repin V.M., Timokhin V.O., Shkodovsky Y.M., Rudnitsky A .М. and other. The article presents the stages of formation of production relations, social, economic, architectural and spatial evolution under the pressure of migration processes, based on the analysis and research: The formation of the labor market (places of employment) in the development of industry, transport links and resettlement (early nineteenth - early twentieth century). Urbanization of cities in the early twentieth century due to migrations (free labor) from near and far agglomerations. Urbanization of the late twentieth century due to the release of labor (the collapse of the collective and state farm system). Under the pressure of migration and transport processes the compositional and planning spatial structure of the city is determined by the following aspects: the hierarchy of the city in the general network of settlements; the level of the city's public transport network; mobility of city residents; location of attractive objects for migrants in the city planning structure; socio-demographic characteristics of residents. Territories of cities with developed production are becoming the poles of industrial industry with the latest technologies, as well as centers of business.

MEDIA ART IN MODERN SYNTHESIS OF ARTS IN ARCHITECTURE

The article substantiates the problem of synthesis of media art in the modern synthesis of arts in architecture, provides a definition of the term " Media Art" as a higher form of artistic development. Attention is paid to the analysis of recent research and publications devoted to the study of the artistic component of interactive design in the synthesis of the arts of architectural space, the influence of media technologies on the formation of the architectural image of art centers, describing trends in media technology in architecture. The purpose of the article is to consider the forms of media art, their role in the synthesis of arts in architecture. The article emphasizes the objects created and embodied in Ukraine, describes the synthesis of arts from the angle of influence of media art on human perception and outlines the prospects for development. The history of the synthesis of arts in architecture from ancient times, the development of the synthesis of arts in the Art Nouveau style, the preconditions for the emergence of media art are briefly described. The synthesis of media art and architecture, interaction with other arts, namely painting, sculpture, music and others is considered on the example of the multimedia center Atelier des Lumières – "Workshop of the World" in Paris, which specializes in digital art exhibitions; Ukraine WOW exhibition in Kyiv, which is equipped with various forms of media art; media facades in Kyiv; media cube on the facade of Chicago Central House, which is the first media sculpture in Europe. The definition of "media facades" is also given and the influence of media technologies on the emotional and psychological state of a person is considered. Examples of interaction of various forms of media art with architecture are given. The conclusions determine the role of media art in architecture, the impact of media technology on human psychology, outline the prospects for the development of media art in the modern synthesis of arts in architecture.

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN. STAGES OF FORMATION

Conceptual design is the most creative part of architectural activity. In the professional work of architects, conceptual design is given great importance. Various architectural and design forums, exhibitions, competitions are dedicated to him. In Soviet times, an interesting example of the formation of conceptual solutions is the work of Alexander Brodsky and Ilya Utkin (who signed their works as a tandem of "Brutus"). We have other solutions of interesting concepts - the object of the competition "The World of El Lysytsky" - the Globe Theater in Novosibirsk. Here the authors start from the main idea - that the cube is the main form that characterizes the spirit and style of the Russian avant-garde of the twentieth century. Conceptual design ideas are implemented in the construction of unusual hotels, atypical urban environment, non-traditional building materials. All this allows you to think about life according to other rules. Than those prescribed in building codes. The world around us is more interesting and diverse, so we can, in part, paint it in bright colors.

SOME ASPECTS OF THE NEED FOR RENOVATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL PLANNING STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLS

The article considers the architectural problems of modern secondary education from the point of view of changes in the requirements of both the functional planning structure of the school and the educational process, in accordance with the reform of the Ministry of Education and Science - “New Ukrainian School”. It is noted that in Ukraine, most schools were built during the Soviet era and, accordingly, they do not meet modern requirements and are in need of renovation. Various periods of the formation and design of schools during the Soviet Union, from 1926 to 1956, are examined. The role of school is defined as a place where a person begins to form as an individual, and starts to realize their role in life. The influence of the architecture of the school building on the character and worldview of the child is considered. Such modern design trends of schools abroad as “open space”, “aspect of mobility”, and environmental friendliness are elaborated upon. The formation of a free school space layout allows the child to feel free and comfortable, and also makes it possible not to “hold down” thoughts in the process of understanding oneself and the world around them, establishing a more creative atmosphere. Another important aspect of the formation of modern schools in the world is mobility. In schools with a mobile interior, the child and the teacher can change the space for themselves - move everything and rearrange it as they need. The items do not have a fixed place, it is decided as necessary. One of the current trends in the architecture and design of modern schools is the inextricable link with the natural environment, the active interaction of the building and natural elements, their inclusion in school architecture and indirectly in the educational process. This direction is implemented using the technologies of "green building", that allow to create a sustainable architectural environment for school buildings and complexes, which preserves and improves the environment. Some examples in modern world architecture are analyzed, illustrating approaches to the design and renovation of schools.

TEXTILES IN THE RESIDENTIAL INTERIOR

The relevance of the study is due to new experience in architectural design, new technologies and types of materials and the need to generalize and systematize them to expand the formative possibilities of textiles in the design of residential interiors. Research in the field of interior textile design was carried out by: T.I. Isayeva, Khabibullina, E.V. Zmanovska and others. The purpose of the study is to identify areas, functions and compositional techniques of textiles in residential interiors. The historical reference of development of textile production is resulted. The structural analysis of textiles in the interior by types of textile materials, production technology, types of weave, types of ornaments; identified qualities of textile materials, which determine their widespread use and the main areas of application of textiles in modern residential interiors. According to the results of the research, the main functions of textiles in the interior are revealed: creation of a comfortable microclimate in the room; psychological comfort; space adjustment; visual isolation; protection of surfaces from damage and pollution; hygiene products; decorative; compositional component of interior space design. The description of types of textile wall-paper, curtains is resulted. The compositional function of textiles in the interior is revealed: accent, dominant, background, rhythm. The conclusion is made that at a choice of textiles and reception of placement it is necessary to consider regional natural and climatic conditions; the style decision of an interior is accepted; function, size, orientation on the sides of the horizon of the room; combination of textiles with finishing of surfaces of enclosing designs and subject filling of the room; combination of fabrics in texture, color and pattern; price segment.

UKRAINIAN ACADEMY OF ARCHITECTURE: HISTORY, PROFITS AND LOSSES, EXPECTATIONS AND PROSPECTS

An attempt has been made to outline in a historical and chronological way the main features, achievements and problems of the Academy of Architecture in Ukraine, from 1945 to the present. These are the Academy of Architecture of the USSR, transformed in 1945 from the Ukrainian branch of the Academy of Architecture of the USSR (1944), the Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture of the USSR, transformed from the Academy of Architecture in 1955, the liquidation of this Academy in 1963, the restoration of the Academy in 1992. year in the status of the Ukrainian Academy of Architecture. Based on the involvement of little-known factual material outlines the activities and practical and theoretical guidelines of the five presidents of the Academy of Architecture - Vladimir Zabolotny (1945-1955), Anatoly Komar (1955-1959), Pavel Bakuma (1959-1963), Valentyn Shtolko (1992–2020), Oleg Sleptsov (since September 2021), as well as the peculiarities of actual achievements and radiant delusions of lost perspectives, unfulfilled desires and urgent needs of the architectural and architectural shops of Ukraine during the last almost eighty years. Among other things, the achievements of the Academy on the way of researching the architectural heritage of Ukraine, the care of V. Zabolotny for research in this area are shown; highlights the dynamics of transformation of candidate dissertations in architecture from design and descriptive to the actual scientific, as they are now; the range of problems that accompanied the Ukrainian Academy of Architecture after its restoration in 1992 is depicted, as well as the vastness of important scientific and creative achievements of its academics and corresponding members, in particular in the field of publishing basic scientific works; finally, for the first time, it is proposed to illustrate the general picture of the formation and formation of the forms of activity of the Academy of Architecture during its existence; the prospects of further functioning are outlined and aspects of understanding the role of the Ukrainian Academy of Architecture in the modern architectural world, not only the Ukrainian one, are singled out.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL CONDITION OF A PERSON

This article analyzes the factors of the influence of architecture of buildings of medical institutions on the state of human health. The main problems faced by the architect in the design of hospitals and the possibility of solving them are considered. One of the most important problems an architect faces when designing medical facilities is to create a free and open atmosphere. To restore health,not only the quality of medical services is of importance, but also the beauty and convenience of the rooms in which the treatment takes place. To achieve the effect of a healing architecture, designers must, first of all, establish a constructive dialogue with medical workers and patients. Ideas, models and sketches of the architect should be critically evaluated and discussed. The article identifies the main architectural factors contributing to the recovery of patients and creating a trustworthy, psychologically healthy environment. The term “healing architecture” and the relations of famous architects to it are considered. The emergence of a new term indicates the general need in our technogenic world to create an environment that would positively affect the health and psyche of visitors and patients of medical institutions. The purpose of healing architecture is defined. Experts agree that the future lies with clinics whose appearance will more likely resemble residential premises than a hospital in our traditional view. The functional planning structure is changing, because with the advent of the latest technologies, the requirements for certain rooms, their location in the building volume, dimensions, insolation, etc. have also changed. In addition, work is underway to improve the territories of medical institutions as nature also has a rehabilitative effect on people. The worldwide examples of the architecture of medical facilities that have a positive impact on human health are considered.

VYSHKOVO REFORMED CHURCH – THE INCREDIBLY VALUABLE ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENT OF WESTERN UKRAINE

The church, built according to various sources in the IX-XIII centuries, is interesting for its monumental, restrained architecture and preserved interior. The clear straight lines of the building with sharp elements remind us of the Gothic style, although according to legend it was built much earlier. Covered with drawings of the XVIII century. the ceiling of the temple is related to the famous painted ceiling of the church in Chetfalva. Next to the church is a beautiful, shingled wooden bell tower of the Marmara type. The monument is located in a picturesque, well-groomed courtyard, surrounded on all sides by a wall, where exotic trees and flowers grow. In front of the entrance gate there are several Hungarian carved wooden sculptures erected in memory of important historical events in Vyshkovo. The purpose of the article is to attract the attention and acquaint readers with the incredibly valuable architectural monument of Western Ukraine – Vyshkovo Reformed Church. The article presents the preconditions and the process of construction, determining the type of materials used, design analysis, detailed consideration of decorative elements and various plans of the oldest church in Transcarpathia. My own research of this architectural object, which I have been conducting for three months, describes to us: the methods of construction at that time, the execution of the frames of door and window openings, and the decoration of the facade of the church. Religion has always played an important role in the life of the people of Vyshkovo. People are proud of their church, they constantly visit it. Being in the middle of the building, there is a feeling of authenticity and complete immersion in the events described by the priest, because of the very good acoustics of this ancient church.

FEATURES OF SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE SYSTEM OF PEDESTRIAN ZONES IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF KYIV

The article substantiates the need to complete the formation of an integrated network of pedestrian spaces in the historic center of Kiev. Now the historic center covers three hills - the Upper Town, Pechersk and Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. However, the problem of creating an integrated network of pedestrian connections in the historic center of Kyiv has not yet been solved, and its formation is one of the urgent tasks today. After all, the creation of a holistic system of pedestrian ways in the historic city makes it possible to increase its tourist potential and ensure the preservation and development of historical and cultural heritage. The author proposes a method of spatial analysis to assess the state of public spaces in the city. The author's comparative analysis of two cities in the UK confirmed the importance and cost-effectiveness of pedestrian public spaces. It is noted that the existing transport infrastructure of the city of Kyiv does not provide for the formation of new pedestrian zones. The author analyzes the central squares of Kyiv: Independence Square, Troitska, Tolstoy, European, Sofiyska, Mykhailivska, Lvivska and Peremohy Squares in terms of comfortable pedestrian movement and the availability of public places. It turned out that in terms of transport accessibility, they are convenient, but not suitable for pedestrians; by use - have mainly administrative, political functions; sometimes - cultural; by category of comfort - are inconvenient, there are no sanitary conditions, places for sitting, rest, greens; these are mainly transport interchanges; by category of social function - meeting places, commercial spaces; there are no signs of identity. Means of forming a network of pedestrian public spaces and proposals for the design of individual fragments of the city are proposed. The author determines how transit space and stationary spaces are used, whether it is possible to use them as a citywide public space and connect it to the main axis along Volodymyrska and Khreschatyk.