scholarly journals Field Screening of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) Mutant and Commercial Genotypes for Salt Tolerance

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suriyan CHA-UM ◽  
Satjaporn CHANTAWONG ◽  
Chareerat MONGKOLSIRIWATANA ◽  
Muhammad ASHRAF ◽  
Chalermpol KIRDMANEE
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Internodal Length ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Characters

Growth and physiological attributes and sugar quality parameters are considered key criteria for screening sugarcane cultivars for salt tolerance. Maximum cane growth and yield were found in a positive check (‘K88-92’) as well as in cv. ‘(A3)AE1-18’ when subjected to salt affected soil. Percent reduction in Fv/Fm, quantum efficiency of PSII (ΦPSII) and water use efficiency (WUE) due to salt stress was considerably low in ‘K88-92’, ‘(A3)AE1-18’ and ‘KK3’ which was associated with very low salt-induced reduction in net photosynthetic rate and growth characters such as shoot length, number of internodes, and internodal length as well as yield traits. In addition, brix, polarlization, fiber, purity and commercial cane sugar (CCS) in ‘(A18)AE2-15’ and ‘(A3)AE1-18’ were well maintained under saline stress. By subjecting the data for various physiological, growth, yield and sugar quality parameters to the Ward’s cluster analysis ‘K88-92’ (positive check), ‘(A3)AE1-18’ and ‘KK3’ were identified as salt tolerant, whereas ‘(A11)AE1-114’ and ‘K97-32’ as salt sensitive.

Influence of omitting irrigation and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and water use efficiency of coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kumar ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
R. Chhillar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment conducted on the sandy loam soil in New Delhi during the winter season of 2003–2004 indicated that the application of three irrigations at the branching, flowering and seed formation stages gave the maximum values of growth and yield attributes (plant height and branches plant −1 , umbels plant −1 , umbellets umbel −1 and seeds umbel −1 ) with the highest seed and stover yields, but was at par with omitting one irrigation at the seed formation stage. The data on the growth and yield indicated that, compared to the other stages, omitting irrigation at the flowering strage resulted in the greatest reduction. The growth and yield attributes and the seed and stover yield of coriander significantly responded to fertilization up to 80 kg N ha −1 . The crop evapotranspiration was the highest with the application of three irrigations, but the water use efficiency remained the highest when irrigation was omitted at the seed formation stage. Nitrogen fertilization up to 120 kg and 80 kg N ha −1 increased the water use and water use efficiency, respectively.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Corchorus olitorius under Irrigated and Rain-fed Conditions in Northeastern Benin (West Africa)

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Sabaï Katé ◽  
Pierre G. Tovihoudji ◽  
Michel Batamoussi-Hermann ◽  
Elvire L. Sossa ◽  
Rodrigue Idohou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aims: Investigated the influence of organic manures (municipal solid waste compost [MSWC] and cow dung) and N-fertilizer on growth, yield and nutrient use efficiency of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) under two water regimes (rain-fed and irrigated). Study Design: Randomized complete block. Place and Duration of Study: Farm of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Parakou, Northern Benin (latitude 09°20’16.8’’N and longitude 002°38’54’’ E, 353 m asl), during 2013 rainy (June to August) and dry seasons (October to December 2013). Methodology: Ten treatments derived from a factorial combination of five levels of organic manures (control, MSWC at 10 t/ha, MSWC at 20 t/ha, cow dung at 10 t/ha and cow dung at 20 t/ha) and two levels of N-fertilizer (0 kg and 50 kg urea/ha), arranged in a randomized complete block with three replicates were considered. Results: Results showed that water regime significantly (p<.001) affected growth and yield of jute mallow. In addition, the growth and yield parameters showed significant differences (p<.001) in relation to different rates of organic manures.  The integrated use of organic manure and urea increased plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of branches, leaf growth parameters and leaf yield. The maximum amount of leaf yield (7554.88 kg/ha) was obtained with 20 tons/ha of MSWC and 50 kg urea/ha. Conclusion: Fertilizer types also had highly significant effects on nutrient use efficiency. Application of these treatments could help to enhance yield and growth of the jute mallow.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield, Seed and Seedling Quality Parameters of Rapeseed-mustard Varieties under Different Seed Priming Options

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rupa Das ◽  
Saikat Biswas ◽  
Utpal Biswas ◽  
Amitava Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Peg 6000

Rationale: Crop production and quality of produce get affected by drought, stand establishment and low availability of nutrients. Apart from various prevailing methods, seed treatment through priming now-a-days has been found to noticeably improve crop establishment for increasing seed yield and quality. Aim: To study the effect of various seed priming options on rapeseed-mustard varieties. Place of Study: A field experiment was conducted at AB Block Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India during winter season of 2017-2018. Methodology: Experiment comprised six rapeseed-mustard varieties (Anushka, Sanchita, TBM-143,TBM-204, Kranti and Pusa Bold) in main plot and five seed priming options (KH2PO4 @ 0.15 mol 100 ml water-1 5 g seeds-1, KNO3 @ 0.1 mol 100 ml water-1 5 g seeds-1, PEG 6000 @ -0.3 MPa 100 ml water-1 5 g seeds-1, hydro priming @ 100 ml 5 g seeds-1 and control) in subplot, replicated thrice in a split plot design. Observations on growth and yield contributing parameters were recorded from the field. Further, various quality parameters of seed and seedlings were evaluated in the laboratory. Data on all the parameters were finally statistically analyzed. Results: Among the varieties, Pusa Bold performed better in terms of growth, yield contributing parameters and seed yield under seed priming through either KH2PO4 @ 0.15 mol 100 ml water-1 5 g seeds-1 or PEG 6000 @ -0.3 MPa 100 ml water-1 5 g seeds-1. Seed and seedling quality parameters such as root and shoot lengths, seedling fresh and dry weights, germination % and vigour index were also improved under the same. Conclusion: Cultivation of mustard variety, Pusa Bold by seed priming through any of those two chemicals (KH2PO4 or PEG 6000) can be recommended for New alluvial zone of West Bengal, India.

scholarly journals Cotton growth, yield, quality and boron distribution as affected by soil-applied boron in calcareous saline soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atique-ur-Rehman ◽  
Rafi Qamar ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Hassan Sardar ◽  
Naeem Sarwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
B Uptake

AbstractBoron (B) is deficient in the calcareous, Typic Haplocambid soils of cotton growing belt of Pakistan, and thus is a vital reason for less cotton yield in the region. In order to investigate the growth and quality alterations associated with soil applied B on cotton (cv. CIM-616 and CIM-600) an experiment was conducted. Boron was applied at 0.00, 2.60, 5.52, 7.78 and 10.04 mg B kg−1 of soil using borax (Na2B4O7.10H2O), in a complete randomized design with factorial arrangement with four replications. Results revealed that soil applied B @ 2.60 mg B kg−1 of soil significantly (P≤0.05) improved cotton growth, yield, quality and B distribution among different parts. Different growth and yield parameters like plant height, leaf area, number of bolls, boll size and weight, seed cotton yield, photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, GOT, staple length and fiber fineness and strength except B uptake by roots, seed, leaves and stalk plant body which was significantly increased with B (10.04 mg B kg−1) in both cultivars of cotton, but the degree of effects was varied between cultivars. The results indicated that studied traits of both cultivars were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased in B-deficient stressed treatments. Between hybrids, CIM-600 produced significantly (P≤0.05) maximum recorded parameters under 2.60 mg B kg−1 application compared than CIM-616. Our findings confirm that the adequate level of B (2.60 mg B kg−1) had pronounced effects on various growth, yield, physiological and fiber quality associated traits, as compared to B uptake traits of cotton cultivars.

scholarly journals Grafting Tomato as a Tool to Improve Salt Tolerance

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hira Singh ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Marios Kyriacou ◽  
Giuseppe Colla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Global Agriculture ◽  
Salt Susceptible ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

Salinity in soil or water is a serious threat to global agriculture; the expected acreage affected by salinity is about 20% of the global irrigated lands. Improving salt tolerance of plants through breeding is a complex undertaking due to the number of traits involved. Grafting, a surgical mean of joining a scion and rootstock of two different genotypes with the desired traits, offers an alternative to breeding and biotechnological approaches to salt tolerance. Grafting can also be used to circumvent other biotic and abiotic stresses. Increasing salinity tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopresicum L.), a highly nutritious and economical vegetable, will have greater impact on the vegetable industry, especially in (semi) arid regions where salinity in soil and water are more prevalent. Besides, plants also experience salt stress when water in hydroponic system is recycled for tomato production. Grafting high yielding but salt-susceptible tomato cultivars onto salt-resistant/tolerant rootstocks is a sustainable strategy to overcome saline stress. Selection of salt-tolerant rootstocks though screening of available commercial and wild relatives of tomato under salt stress conditions is a pre-requisite for grafting. The positive response of grafting exerted by tolerant rootstocks or scion-rootstock interactions on yield and fruit characteristics of tomato under saline conditions is attributed to several physiological and biochemical changes. In this review, the importance of tomato grafting, strategies to select appropriate rootstocks, scion-rootstock interaction for growth, yield and quality characteristics, as well as the tolerance mechanisms that (grafted) plants deploy to circumvent or minimize the effects of salt stress in root zones are discussed. The future challenges of grafting tomato are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation on the growth and yield of (Daucus carota ssp. sativus) carrot in hill valley

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
MS Alam ◽  
SA Mallik ◽  
DJ Costa ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
A Alam
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Stand

Experiments were conducted at Hill Agricultural Research Station, Khagrachari during the period from November to February in 2005-06 and 2006-07 to determine the appropriate irrigation schedule for carrot production in hill valley. The experiment consisted of five treatments of irrigation after plant established viz. No irrigation (I0), irrigation at 1W: CPE of 0.6 (I1), irrigation at 1W: CPE of 0.8 (12), irrigation at 1W: CPE of 1.0 (I3) and irrigation at 1W: CPE of 1.2 (I4). The amount of irrigation water (IW) was fixed at 4 cm. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with 3 replications. The treatments significantly influenced the growth, yield contributing characters and yield of carrot. Among the treatments, irrigation at IW: CPE of 1.2 gave the maximum yield (51.47 t/ha) which received 4 irrigations after plant stand with applied total irrigation water of 16 cm resulting in the highest net return of Tk. 120,443 with the highest BCR of 2.41. It also produced carrot at the lowest production cost of Tk. 1.66 per kg. Irrigation water use efficiency was obtained 1705.63 kg/ha/cm by this treatment. Keywords: Irrigation; growth; yield; carrot. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i2.5895Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(2) : 323-329, June 2010

Effect of organic seed pelleting on seedling quality, gas exchange, growth, yield and resultant seed quality parameters of black gram

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Prakash ◽  
A. Georgin Ophelia ◽  
G. Sathiya Narayanan ◽  
R. Anandan ◽  
G Baradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Leaf Powder

Seed pelleting with leaf powders of two botanicals viz., pungam (Pongamia glabra) and prosopis (Prosopis juliflora) was done to study the effect of botanical seed pelleting on seedling quality, gas exchange, growth, yield and resultant seed quality parameters of black gram in the laboratory and field. From the results, it was found that, seeds pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 150 g kg-1 recorded higher germination percentage (93.00), root length (18.35 cm), shoot length (19.34 cm), dry matter production (0.48 mg seedling-10) and vigour index (3505.10). The yield parameters such as pod length, number of pods plant-1, pod yield plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 and 100 seed weight were also found higher in pungam leaf powder pelleting treatment @ 150 g kg-1. The control recorded the least values in all these growth and yield parameters of black gram.

Field hydroponics assessment of salt tolerance in Cenchrus ciliaris (L.): growth, yield, and maternal effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Ruiz ◽  
Edith Taleisnik
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
River Sand

Soil salinity and sodicity have long been major constraints to increasing crop production in many parts of the world. The introduction of salt-tolerant perennial species is one of the most promising alternatives to overcome salinity problems. Cenchrus ciliaris (L.) is a highly drought-tolerant species but there are few available reports on its salt tolerance. The purpose of this work was to assess this trait in two widely used cultivars (Biloela and Texas) and to determine whether cultivation under salinity affected seed germination and plant fitness in the next generation. Trials were performed under field hydroponics conditions. Plants were grown for 5 months in 1000-L PVC boxes containing washed river sand, and were automatically irrigated with a commercial nutrient solution to which NaCl was gradually added to provide to provide average season electrical conductivity (EC) levels of 9, 15, and 19 dS/m. Controls had EC 4 dS/m. Vegetative growth in both cultivars was similarly affected by salinity, and grain yield diminished because of a decreased number of spikelets per plant. Significant growth and yield reductions were registered at EC ~10 dS/m, and growth continued to decrease with a very small slope as salinity increased, indicating that this species has moderate salt tolerance. Salinity decreased seed germination percentage; however, germination was higher in seeds obtained from plants that had been grown under saline conditions for one season. Growth was similar in plants obtained from seeds that originated from non-salinised and salinised plants. These results suggest that persistence of C. ciliaris in saline soils would not be limited by diminishing plant performance but, rather, by grain yield and seed germination.

scholarly journals Responses of Gibberelic Acid (GA3) on Growth and Yield of Cowpea cv. BARI Falon-1 (Vigna unguiculata L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJM N Nabi ◽  
MM Hasan ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MR Islam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
Growth Characters

An experiment was carried out at the research farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) during the period from November 2010 to April 2011 to study on growth and yield performance of cowpea cv. BARI Falon-1 under different treatment of GA3 as foliar spray to investigate the responses and most optimum level of gibberelic acid regarding growth and yield of Falon that are suitable to cultivate in coastal region of Bangladesh. Among the GA3 treatments, 33.33 ppm GA3 produced significantly the tallest plant (61.07 cm), maximum leaves and branches plant–1 (28.50 and 19.73, respectively), higher LAI (1.10) and higher TDM plant–1 (81.95 g) comparatively than that of other GA3 levels while control had lower on the above characters. Growth characters such as CGR, RGR and NAR had also higher (0.99 and 1.65 gm–2 day-1 for CGR, 0.43 and 0.72 gm–2 day–1 for RGR and 0.027 and 1.275 mg cm2 day–1 for NAR) in 33.33 ppm GA3 at the stage between 30 to 60 DAS and 60 to 90 DAS, respectively Yield contributing characters Among other observation of yield and yield contributing characters, 33.33 ppm GA3 further registered the maximum pods plant–1 (11.50), longest pod (17.05 cm), higher weight fresh (3.78 g) and dry pod (1.99 g), higher weight of 100–seed (12.25), seed yield (18.57 g plant–1 and 2986.72 kg ha–1) and higher HI (22.45%). These results also showed that GA3 up to 33.33 ppm signifciantly developmend morpho–physiological, growth, yield and yield contributing characters and thereafter all the data decreased due to its destructive effect of higher GA3 levels. So, considering the above observation it could be suggested that GA3 @ 33.3 ppm would be appropriate doses of GA3 for obtaining the better produciton of BARI Falon-1 under resion.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22196 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 7-12 2014

scholarly journals The Effects of Saline Stress on the Growth of Two Shrub Species in the Qaidam Basin of Northwestern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Zhang ◽  
Zhenzhong Zhang ◽  
Yuanhang Li ◽  
Kangning He
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of

Soil salinization is a serious issue in the Qaidam Basin and significantly limits economic development. To explore the salt tolerance of two shrubs in this area, we determined several parameters, including the Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci, μmol mol−1), stomatal conductance (Gs, umol m−2s−1), and water use efficiency (WUE) under different salt concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mmol·L−1). In addition, the shrubs of Elaeagnus angustifolia and Lycium barbarum of salt tolerance were evaluated. The photosynthetic parameters of E. angustifolia were more sensitive to salinity than those of L. barbarum, and SPAD, Pn, Tr, and WUE of E. angustifolia decreased significantly with increasing salt concentrations (P < 0.05), while in L. barbarum, SPAD, Pn, and Tr decreased significantly with increasing salt concentrations (P < 0.05), but the WUE of L. barbarum showed no significantly variation under the salt concentration gradient. The results of correlation matrix of photosynthetic index also indicated that the minimum salt tolerance of E. angustifolia and L. barbarum were 108.4 and 246.3 mmol·L−1, respectively. Our results provide a scientific basis for the selection of salt-tolerant plant species in of northwest China.

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