scholarly journals Chemical Applications, Scarification and Stratification Effects on Seed Germination of Rare Endemic Verbascum calycosum Hausskn. ex Murb. (Scrophulariaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhip HİLOOĞLU ◽  
Emel SÖZEN ◽  
Ersin YÜCEL ◽  
Ali KANDEMİR
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Rare Endemic

Verbascum calycosum is an endemic plant species having considerable narrow distribution in Erzincan (Turkey) region. This species is known from only a single population and its habitats are highly threatened due to intensive human activities and soil erosion. In this study, the germination behavior of V. calycosum under different concentrations of NaCl, HCl, KNO3, GA3 (100 and 200 μM), hot-cold stratification and mechanical scarification were investigated. Seeds were exposed to a photoperiod of 8 h light/16 h dark with a 23/18 °C thermoperiod. Germination rates increased with GA3-100 µM (39%), GA3-200 µM (54.5%), mechanical scarification (34.5%) and cold stratification treatments (+4 °C, 23.25%; -20 °C, 18.25%) on the other hand, KNO3, NaCl, HCl and stratification with hot water treatments have decreased germination rates significantly when compared to the control (12.25%). Increased germination after GA3 application and mechanical scarification indicated that seeds of V. calycosum exhibited both non-deep and intermediate physiological dormancy as well as physical dormancy due to its hard seed coat. The highest speed of germination index was obtained at cold stratification of +4 °C and -20 °C (10.3). This study represents first report about seed dormancy and germination characteristics of V. calycosum. Overall, these results will provide valuable data for ex situ conservation of this rare endemic plant.

scholarly journals Effect of pre-sowing treatments and growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 860-863
Author(s):  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
A. K. Handa ◽  
Inder Dev ◽  
Asha Ram ◽  
A. R. Uthappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Hard Seed Coat

The seeds of Albizia lebbeck have been observed to exhibit physical dormancy due to presence of hard seed-coat. To overcome this problem, the seeds were subjected to seven pre-sowing treatments viz., T1-immersion of seeds in cold water for 12 h; T2-immersion of seeds in cold water for 24 h; T3-immersion of seeds in hot water (100 °C) and subsequent cooling at room temperature for 12 h; T4-immersion of seeds in hot water (100 °C) and subsequent cooling at room temperature for 24 h; T5-immersion of seeds in cold water for 12 h followed by immersion in hot water (100 °C) and allowed to cool for 1 h; T6-immersion of seeds in cold water for 24 h followed by immersion in hot water (100 °C) and allowed to cool for 1 h. Untreated seeds served as control (T0). Treatment T3 gave highest germination (96%) which was comparable with T5 (95 %), T4 (94 %) and T6 (93%). Nine growing media viz., T1: soil,  T2: soil+sand (2:1), T3: soil+perlite (2:1), T4: soil+Farm Yard Manure (FYM) (2:1), T5: soil+vermicompost (2:1), T6: soil+sand+FYM (1:1:1), T7: soil+sand+vermicompost (1:1:1), T8: soil+perlite+FYM (1:1:1) and T9: soil+perlite+ vermicompost (1:1:1) were, also, studied for their effect on seedling growth of A. lebbeck. Among these media, maximum values of shoot length (23.82 cm), root length (21.14 cm), collar diameter (3.59 mm) and seedling quality index (0.350) were observed in T7.

USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY METHODS FOR PROPAGATION AND CONSERVATION OF RARE ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES OF THE CRIMEAN FLORA

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-1) ◽  
pp. 965-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Mitrofanova ◽  
◽  
O.V. Mitrofanova ◽  
A.R. Nikiforov ◽  
N.P. Lesnikova-Sedoshenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Rare Endemic

scholarly journals Specialized edaphic niches of threatened copper endemic plant species in the D.R. Congo: implications for ex situ conservation

2016 ◽  
Vol 413 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Boisson ◽  
Michel-Pierre Faucon ◽  
Soizig Le Stradic ◽  
Bastien Lange ◽  
Nathalie Verbruggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Algerian Endemic Plant Species Avena macrostachya Bal. ex Cross. et Durieu

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Paulina Bolc ◽  
Bogusław Łapiński ◽  
Wiesław Podyma ◽  
Maja Boczkowska
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Ex Situ Collection ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Inexpensive Technique

Avena macrostachya is still a relatively unknown species. Using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, a simple and inexpensive technique, allowed us to conduct experiments on genetic differentiation and to study the population structure of this Algerian endemic oat. The results obtained showed lower than expected genetic diversity within the A. macrostachya species. The cause may be endemism of the species as well as genetic drift possible during collection, and maintenance of the accessions in gene bank and seed reproduction. No clear genetic structure was found in the examined collection, which indicates a close relationship between the populations collected in the Djurdjura National Park in Algeria. Considering the endemism of the species, its breeding potential and the small-scale ex situ collection, careful monitoring of natural sites and repeating of the collection mission are, therefore, absolutely crucial.

GERMINATION STUDIES IN ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Perez-Garcia ◽  
J.M. Iriondo ◽  
M.E. Gonzalez-Benito ◽  
L.F. Carnes ◽  
J. Tapia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
International Union ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Helianthemum Squamatum

The germinative behavior of nine plant species of the Iberian Peninsula, four of them catalogued as vulnerable or endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, was studied under controlled laboratory conditions. Most of the species studied germinated better at relatively low temperatures (15 °C and 20 °C) and, in general, high germination rates were also obtained at alternating temperatures (25/15 °C). Coronopus navasii germinated over 60% at 25 °C, the highest temperature used in this study. Lavatera oblongifolia did not surpass 20% germination under any of the conditions assayed. Seed coat scarification increased germination in Helianthemum squamatum, while seed pretreatments with hot water or sulfuric acid were effective in H. polygonoides. Less favorable results were obtained in Lavatera oblongifolia, whereas scarification was completely ineffective in Onobrychis peduncularis ssp. matritensis.

scholarly journals GIS-Facilitated Seed Germination and Multifaceted Evaluation of the Endangered Abies marocana Trab. (Pinaceae) Enabling Conservation and Sustainable Exploitation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2606
Author(s):  
Stefanos Hatzilazarou ◽  
Mohamed El Haissoufi ◽  
Elias Pipinis ◽  
Stefanos Kostas ◽  
Mohamed Libiad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Sustainable Exploitation

In the frame of the sustainable use of neglected and underutilized phytogenetic resources, and along with numerous studies in Abies spp. due to the innate conservation value of fir forests, this research focused on the Moroccan endemic fir, Abies marocana. The aim was triple-fold: to assess its potential and dynamics in economic sectors for sustainable exploitation; to determine the ecological conditions in which the species naturally thrives; and to find the appropriate requirements for its successful seed germination. We sourced multifaceted evaluations for three economic sectors performed in three levels, using 48 attributes and eight criteria from previous studies of our own, and the relevant species-specific assessments are overviewed herein in detail. The species’ ecological profile was constructed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and open access data (Worldclim). Seed germination trials were performed to examine the effect of cold stratification (non-stratified, one- and two-months stratified seeds), the influence of four temperatures (10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, and 25 °C), and interactions thereof in relation to germination percentage (GP) and mean germination time (MGT). The experiments showed that the interaction of cold stratification and germination temperature has a strong effect on the GP and MGT of A. marocana seeds. A detailed GIS-derived ecological profile of the focal species was created in terms of precipitation and temperature natural regimes, enabling the interpretation of the seed germination results. The multifaceted evaluations reveal an interesting potential of the Moroccan fir in different economic sectors, which is mainly compromised due to extant research gaps, unfavorable conditions, and low stakeholder attraction. The findings of this study fill in extant research gaps, contribute to in situ and ex situ conservation strategies, and can facilitate the sustainable exploitation of this emblematic local endemic plant of northern Morocco.

Seeds of the threatened dry rainforest tree Cadellia pentastylis (Surianaceae) are non-dormant

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Emery ◽  
Justin C. Collette
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Palisade Cell ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Germination Success ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Insect Predation ◽  
Smoke Water

Abstract Cadellia pentastylis (Surianaceae) is an Australian endemic threatened rainforest tree. Irregular flowering and fruiting events coupled with high rates of infertility and insect predation has meant that seed testing has not been possible for this species. Seeds were opportunistically collected from a wild population in early 2021, which allowed for the first germination tests to be conducted. In this study, the presence of physical dormancy was examined by performing an imbibition test using scarified and non-scarified seeds. We also investigated whether a 5-min heat shock treatment at temperatures ranging from 60 to 120°C improved germination success. The presence of physiological dormancy was also examined by recording germination success following a gibberellic acid or smoke-water pre-treatment. Both scarified and non-scarified seeds readily imbibed water over a 72-h period, and several seeds had germinated in both treatments after 48 h. Final germination proportion and t50 following a heat shock, gibberellic acid or smoke-water pre-treatment did not significantly differ from the controls. We conclude that C. pentastylis seeds are non-dormant. Although a palisade cell layer has been reported in the endocarp, our results suggest that this layer may not be sufficiently formed to restrict germination. We recommend that seeds are collected from populations following dispersal and propagated shortly after or stored as conservation collections in ex situ Seedbanks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of several methods for breaking dormancy of bitter vetch seeds (Vicia ervilia L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Reza Rouhi ◽  
Ali Sepehri ◽  
Leila Sefidkhani ◽  
Fatemeh Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Bitter Vetch ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germination Parameters

Abstract This study analysed the effects of different treatments on breaking dormancy and germination of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) freshly harvested seeds for seeding immediately. Partial scarified seeds (30 seconds with sandpaper) were subjected to different treatments including: GA3 (250, 500 and 750 ppm), KNO3 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% w/v), cold stratification (2, 4 and 6 days), sulfuric acid (25, 50 and 75 seconds), hot water (90°C; for 2.5 and 5 minutes), hydropriming via seed soaking in distilled water (4 and 8 hours) and mechanical scarification. Among the mentioned treatments, cold stratification for 6 days had a best effect on germination related parameters final germination percentage, mean germination time and vigour indexthan the other periods. In contrast to scarification with acid and hot water, mechanical scarification improved germination parameters but this effect was lower than the cold stratification. The results suggest that bitter vetch seed has both physical and physiological dormancy.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Morphological and Anatomical Adaptive Traits in Young and Adult Plants of the Rare Mediterranean Cliff SpeciesPrimula palinuriPetagna

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica De Micco ◽  
Giovanna Aronne
Keyword(s):  
Biological Traits ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Species Vulnerability ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Rare Endemic ◽  
Adult Plants

Cliffs worldwide are known to be reservoirs of relict biodiversity. Despite the presence of harsh abiotic conditions, large endemic floras live in such environments.Primula palinuriPetagna is a rare endemic plant species, surviving on cliff sites along a few kilometres of the Tyrrhenian coast in southern Italy. This species is declared at risk of extinction due to human impact on the coastal areas in question. Population surveys have shown that most of the plants are old individuals, while seedlings and plants at early stages of development are rare. We followed the growth ofP. palinuriplants from seed germination to the adult phase and analysed the morphoanatomical traits of plants at all stages of development. Our results showed that the pressure of cliff environmental factors has been selected for seasonal habitus and structural adaptive traits in this species. The main morphoanatomical modifications are suberized cell layers and accumulation of phenolic compounds in cell structures. These features are strictly related to regulation of water uptake and storage as well as defence from predation. However, we found them well established only in adult plants and not in juvenile individuals. These findings contribute to explain the rare recruitment of the present relict populations, identifying some of the biological traits which result in species vulnerability.

Role of the lens in controlling water uptake in seeds of twoFabaceae(Papilionoideae) species treated with sulphuric acid and hot water

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Wen Hu ◽  
Yan Rong Wang ◽  
Yan Pei Wu ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Water Entry ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Water Treatments

AbstractAlthough many studies have been conducted on seeds with a water-impermeable seed or fruit coat (physical dormancy), the primary site of water entry into these seeds after dormancy-breaking treatments is still controversial. Thus, the role of lens, hilum, micropyle and extrahilar regions in water uptake of seeds treated to break physical dormancy was examined inVigna oblongifoliaandSesbania sesban(Fabaceae) following pretreatment with sulphuric acid and hot water. Morphology of seed surfaces in treated versus non-treated seeds of both species was examined with scanning electron microscopy. Most seeds ofV. oblongifoliafirst cracked in the hilum when pretreated with sulphuric acid, but they cracked in both the hilum and extrahilar regions when pretreated with hot water. However, inS. sesbanseeds, a crack formed only in the lens following either acid scarification or hot-water treatments, and the seeds imbibed water only through the lens. These results indicate that the primary site of water entry into seeds following physical dormancy break can vary with species and treatments. Slow, early imbibitionviathe hilum, and subsequent rapid imbibitionviathe lens, may not be detected unless seeds are monitored for several days. Time allowed for imbibition studies may, at least in part, explain various interpretations about the role of the lens in physical dormancy reported in the literature.

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