Differential Response of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata </i>L.<i>)</i> Genotypes  to Native Rhizobia in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand, India

Cowpea is an annual legume, rich in protein, which plays a critical role in the lives of millions of people in developing countries. Limited work has been done, especially on the symbiotic efficiency of cowpea against the native soil rhizobia. Therefore, our study was conducted to compare the effect of native rhizobia on nodulation, yield and protein content of eight cultivars and two control varieties in Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India. significant differences were observed among the cultivars tested in all the measured traits. Results of growth analysis indicated that ‘PGCP-4’ gave the highest number of nodules plant-1, nodule dry weight and protein content in grain, compared to both control varieties. Highest plant dry weight was recorded in ‘Pusa Komal’, while the highest grain yield was achieved in ‘PGCP-6’, followed by ‘PGCP-12’. This study hereby recommends ‘PGCP-6’ and ‘PGCP-12’ cultivars, as they are more suitable in terms of yield against the rhizobia.

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The Designation of Micronutrients Foliar Application Influence on Rice (Oryza Sativa L. cv. Shiroodi) Yield and Yield Components

10.21203/rs.3.rs-119603/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ashkan Daneshtalab Lahijani ◽

Amir abbas Mosavi ◽

Morteza Moballeghi

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Critical Role ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Research Institution ◽

Zn Content ◽

Yield And Yield Components

Abstract Pursuant to micronutrients critical role in the plant nutrition and metabolism, accurate determination of the best term of foliar application as a practical plant nutritional pathway has substantial circumstances in the novel agricultural approaches. In order to properly assess micronutrients liquid fertilizer with commercial name of Rooyesh no and mentioned ingredients (Fe EDTA 0.1%, Zn EDTA 0.05%, B 0.02%, Cu EDTA 0.05%, and Mn EDTA 0.05%) influence on Shiroodi cultivar yield, this investigation implemented in the Iran Rice Research Institution (Amol, Mazandaran) during two consecutive years (2017-2018). This extensive research conducted in the form of RCBD with eight treatments and three independent replications. The treatments were T0 (control), T1 (one foliar application) to T7 (seven foliar applications). The frequent intervals of foliar applications were seven days and the first foliar application done nine days after transplantation. The results revealed that the micronutrients application effect was significant about plant dry weight, grain yield, 1,000 grains yield and harvest index. Also, the interaction of the year and foliar application was significant about seed Zn content, chlorophyll b and 1,000 grains yield. According to statistical data, it can be concluded that T4 with 4257 kg/ha grain yield compare to control yield 3499.1 kg/ha that indicated 20 percentage approximate enhancement about foliar application treatments, four leaf spraying with 2 liters/ 1000 liters of water dosage of micronutrients could affect grain yield and yield components of rice (shiroodi cv.) significantly through increasing the number of tillers/plant, improvement of panicle length and increasing the number of grains/ panicle. The micronutrients supply through leaves is more effective procedure in the field of rice nutrition compare to soil application method due to higher absorption velocity.

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Crop Growth, Development and Yield in Semi-arid Conditions in Botswana. II. The Effects of Intercropping Sorghum Bicolor with Vigna Unguiculata

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700014241 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 169-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

D. J. Rees

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Low Density ◽

Arid Conditions ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Growth Development ◽

Semi Arid

SUMMARYPlant growth, development and yield were monitored in sorghum/cowpea intercropping trials in Botswana during the drought seasons of 1982/3 and 1983/4. The cowpea proved to be more competitive than sorghum in these arid conditions, resulting in substantial increases in sorghum mortality and developmental delay, and substantial decreases in sorghum leaf area indices, dry weight production and grain yield. Intercropping in standard rows at medium plant densities resulted in Land Equivalent Ratios considerably less than 1.0, in contrast to earlier trials in Botswana in higher rainfall years which demonstrated intercropping advantages. Low density, wide row intercropping resulted in some small intercropping advantages, suggesting that this treatment may have potential in Botswana's variable climatic conditions.

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Evaluation of some Herbicides' Efficacy in Weed Control Accompanying some Wheat Cultivars and Their Effect on Yield and Its Components

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.37077/25200860.2019.264 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 140-155

Author(s):

Sura A. Khudur ◽

Taha Y.M. Al-Edany ◽

Layla A. Bnayan

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Weed Control ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growing Season ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Effect On Yield

A field experiment was conducted at Al-Qaim area 90 km north of Basrah Province, Iraq during the growing season of 2018-2019. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three different herbicides includes Pallas 4.5%OD (125ml.Donum-2), Spotlight75%DWG(5g.Donum-2) and Clodex100EC (150ml.Donum-2) to control the weeds growing with two cultivars of wheat (Ebaa-99 and Buhooth-22). The results showed that Ebaa-99 cultivar was superior in the average of plant height (77.99 cm), flag leaf area (29.15cm2), number of tillers (701.50 tillers.m-2), number of spikes (615.61 spikes.m-2), weight of 1000 grain (43.41g), grain yield (5203.34 Kg.ton-2), biological yield (15216.58 Kg/ha), harvest indicator (35.25%), dry weight of narrow-leaved (14.14 g.m-2) and broad-leaved weeds (43.64g.m-2). While Buhooth-22 cultivar revealed superiority in the number of grains per spike (28.66 grain.spike-2), length of the spike (7.76 cm) and protein content (10.47%). Spraying treatments by the formulation of the herbicides Spotlight and Clodex were significantly exceeded other treatments in all crop plant growing components.

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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VEGETATIVE GROWTH, GRAIN YIELD AND GRAIN PROTEIN CONTENT IN SIX WINTER BARLEY CULTIVARS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps85-074 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 523-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

L. F. GARCIA DEL MORAL ◽

J. M. RAMOS ◽

L. RECALDE

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Winter Barley ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Vegetative Period ◽

Barley Protein

The relationship between the protein content of grain, plant grain yield and yield components (number of ears per plant, number of grains per ear, and 1000-grain weight) was determined for six cultivars of winter barley, four six-rowed (Hordeum vulgare L.) and two two-rowed (H. distichon L.), grown in Granada (Spain) during 1979, 1980 and 1981. Each cultivar was grown with two levels of nitrogen fertilizer (25 and 40 kg/ha) applied both at seeding and as a top-dressing. Protein content of the grain, grain yield and number of ears per plant varied significantly with genotype, level of nitrogen fertilizer applied at seeding and year. Protein content of the grain was positively correlated with plant grain yield. Both factors were correlated principally with the number of ears per plant, and to a lesser extent with grains per ear and grain weight. The protein content and grain yield depended on the crop dry weight or biomass during the vegetative period (source capacity) which was in turn, related to the leaf area index.Key words: Barley, protein content, grain yield, Hordeum vulgare L., Hordeum distichon L.

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PRODUCTION COMPONENTS OF Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp) IRRIGATED WITH BRACKISH WATER UNDER DIFFERENT LEACHING FRACTIONS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252016v29n422rc ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 966-975

Author(s):

JOSÉ FRANCISCO DE CARVALHO ◽

ÊNIO FARIAS DE FRANÇA E SILVA ◽

GERÔNIMO FERREIRA DA SILVA ◽

MÁRIO MONTEIRO ROLIM ◽

ELVIRA MARIA REGIS PEDROSA

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Brackish Water ◽

Plant Root ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Leaching ◽

Agricultural Engineering ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Salinity Levels

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the production components of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) subjected to irrigation with brackish water and different leaching fractions. The experiment was conducted in a lysimeter system of the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife campus. The treatments, consisting of two water salinity levels (ECw) (1.2 and 3.3 dS m-1) and five leaching fractions (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%), were evaluated using a completely randomized design in a 2x5 factorial arrangement with four replications. The variables evaluated were: number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, number of grains per pod, grain and shoot dry weight, grain yield and harvest index. The soil salinity increased with increasing salinity of the water used for irrigation, and reduced with increasing leaching fraction. The salinity of the water used for irrigation influenced only the variables number of pods per plant and grain yield. The estimated leaching fractions of 9.1% and 9.6% inhibited the damage caused by salinity on the number of pods per plant and grain yield, respectively. Therefore, the production of V. unguiculata irrigated with brackish water, leaching salts from the plant root environment, is possible under the conditions evaluated.

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RESPONSE OF COWPEA TO INOCULATION WITH STRAINS OF Bradyrhizobium spp. AND TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v7i4.6606 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 336

Author(s):

Arlete Da Silva Bandeira ◽

Paulo Araquém Ramos Cairo ◽

Ramon Correia de Vasconcelos ◽

Adriana Dias Cardoso ◽

Manoel Nelson De Castro Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Mineral N ◽

Symbiotic Efficiency ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Rates

RESPOSTA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI A INOCULAÇÃO COM ESTIRPES DE BRADYRHIZOBIUM E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA EM CULTIVO PROTEGIDOA inoculação de sementes de feijão-caupi com bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio atmosférico pode ser uma alternativa de manejo mais sustentável. Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da inoculação e doses de N sobre características do feijão-caupi, em cultivo protegido. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro fontes de N, caracterizadas por três estirpes (BR 3262, BR 3267 e BR 3299) e uma testemunha sem inoculação e sem N mineral, e quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (0, 20, 40 e 60 kg ha-1). As características avaliadas foram: altura de plantas, massas secas da parte aérea, da raiz e de toda a planta, número de nódulos, massa seca de nódulos e eficiência relativa dos tratamentos. No tratamento inoculado com a estirpe BR 3267, a massa seca da parte aérea, raiz e de toda a planta aumentaram, com doses crescentes de N até 30 kg ha-1. Entretanto, a nodulação foi inibida, com o aumento da dose de N. A eficiência simbiótica da estirpe BR 3262 foi semelhante à da testemunha, sendo as demais inferiores, indicando que a população nativa de rizóbios, por si só, é capaz de suprir a demanda da planta.Palavras-chave: Bradyrhizobium; fixação biológica de nitrogênio; nutrição mineral; Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ABSTRACT: Inoculating cowpea seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacteria may be a more sustainable management alternative. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of inoculation and N fertilizer rates on characteristics of cowpea grown in greenhouse. A randomized complete block design was used. Treatments were laid out in a 4 x 4 factorial experiment consisting of four N sources: three inoculant strains (BR 3262, BR 3267 and BR 3299) and a non-inoculated control without mineral N supply; and four N fertilizer rates (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1). The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total dry weight, number of nodules, nodule dry weight, and relative efficiency of treatments. For the treatment inoculated with strain BR 3267, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and total dry weight increased with increasing N rate up to 30 kg ha-1. However, nodulation was inhibited with increasing N rate. The symbiotic efficiency of strain 3262 was similar to that of the control and lower than the remaining strains, indicating that the indigenous population of rhizobia, by itself, is able to meet the plant’s N demand.Keywords: Bradyrhizobium; biological nitrogen fixation; mineral nutrition; Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

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Symbiotic efficiency of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) with different sources of nitrogen

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262121000356 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Francina L. Bopape ◽

Eastonce T. Gwata ◽

Ahmed I. Hassen ◽

Marvellous M. Zhou

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Grain Legume ◽

N Fixation ◽

Symbiotic Efficiency ◽

Native Soil ◽

Rhizobial Isolate ◽

Production Area ◽

Biological Nitrogen ◽

Different Sources

Abstract Pigeonpea is an important grain legume. It contributes to the improvement of soil fertility through biological nitrogen (N) fixation. However, the symbiotic efficiency of pigeonpea with native soil rhizobia has not been determined adequately. This study was designed to determine the variation in the N fixation ability of pigeonpea inoculated with the native rhizobia. Forty soil samples were collected from diverse locations across South Africa and used for inoculating pigeonpea seed. Each pigeonpea genotype was inoculated separately with each soil sample and raised in a nitrogen-depleted growth medium in the greenhouse. A split-plot experimental design was used in the study. Several N fixation variables of pigeonpea were measured. There was >40.0% difference in the number of nodules between genotypes ‘Ex-PP-MD-321’ and ‘Mpuma-B-Spot’ but the nodule dry weight between the two genotypes was >80.0%. In contrast, the heaviest dry shoots (0.4513 g), weighed 52.0% heavier than those that were observed for ‘Mpuma-B-Spot’. Pigeonpea showed differential N fixation ability with the nodules, suggesting that there was potential to select for optimum host × rhizobial isolate combinations for the process and to expand the production area of the crop.

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Zinc application enhances grain zinc density in genetically-zinc-biofortified wheat grown on a low-zinc calcareous soil

Journal of Scientific Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jsa.2018.v2.20181512 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 107-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Calcareous Soil ◽

Zn Deficiency ◽

Target Level ◽

Zn Concentration ◽

Grain Zinc ◽

Zn Availability ◽

Zinc Application ◽

Grain Zn Concentration

Human zinc (Zn) deficiency is a worldwide problem, especially in developing countries due to the prevalence of cereals in the diet. Among different alleviation strategies, genetic Zn biofortification is considered a sustainable approach. However, it may depend on Zn availability from soils. We grew Zincol-16 (genetically-Zn-biofortified wheat) and Faisalabad-08 (widely grown standard wheat) in pots with (8 mg kg−1) or without Zn application. The cultivars were grown in a low-Zn calcareous soil. The grain yield of both cultivars was significantly (P≤0.05) increased with that without Zn application. As compared to Faisalabad-08, Zincol-16 had 23 and 41% more grain Zn concentration respectively at control and applied rate of Zn. Faisalabad-08 accumulated about 18% more grain Zn concentration with Zn than Zincol-16 without Zn application. A near target level of grain Zn concentration (36 mg kg−1) was achieved in Zincol-16 only with Zn fertilisation. Over all, the findings clearly signify the importance of agronomic Zn biofortification of genetically Zn-biofortified wheat grown on a low-Zn calcareous soil.

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