scholarly journals Evaluation of some Herbicides' Efficacy in Weed Control Accompanying some Wheat Cultivars and Their Effect on Yield and Its Components

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 140-155
Author(s):  
Sura A. Khudur ◽  
Taha Y.M. Al-Edany ◽  
Layla A. Bnayan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield

A field experiment was conducted at Al-Qaim area 90 km north of Basrah Province, Iraq during the growing season of 2018-2019. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three different herbicides includes Pallas 4.5%OD (125ml.Donum-2), Spotlight75%DWG(5g.Donum-2) and Clodex100EC (150ml.Donum-2) to control the weeds growing with two cultivars of wheat (Ebaa-99 and Buhooth-22). The results showed that Ebaa-99 cultivar was superior in the average of plant height (77.99 cm), flag leaf area (29.15cm2), number of tillers (701.50 tillers.m-2), number of spikes (615.61 spikes.m-2), weight of 1000 grain (43.41g), grain yield (5203.34 Kg.ton-2), biological yield (15216.58 Kg/ha), harvest indicator (35.25%), dry weight of narrow-leaved (14.14 g.m-2) and broad-leaved weeds (43.64g.m-2). While Buhooth-22 cultivar revealed superiority in the number of grains per spike (28.66 grain.spike-2), length of the spike (7.76 cm) and protein content (10.47%). Spraying treatments by the formulation of the herbicides Spotlight and Clodex were significantly exceeded other treatments in all crop plant growing components.

Production and survival of tillers of wheat and their contribution to yield

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Ishag ◽  
M. B. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
True Leaf

SUMMARYThe effect of sowing date and nitrogen on tillering patterns, survival and contribution of reproductive tillers to grain yield of standard and Mexican wheat cultivars were studied for two seasons.Maximum number of tillers/plant, 3·2–4·5, was observed after 40 and 27 days from sowing for 1970–1 and 1971–2 respectively. The number of ears/plant was 1·4 at the end of the growing season. Varieties differed in tillering, and LRN10 and Giza 155 produced more reproductive tillers than Falchetto and Mexipak. Nitrogen application increased tillering efficiency, i.e. ratio of fertile to total tillers produced. Only 26% of tillers appearing in the axil of the first true leaf (T1) and 10% of tillers in the axil of the second true leaf (T2) survived to produce ears. The high mortality of tillers was attributed to high air temperature prevailing during the growth period (33 °C by day; 18 °C by night). Eared tillers did not die and were self supporting because of the photosynthesis by the ear.Grain weight/tiller was positively correlated with tiller dry weight at heading, r= 0·76–0·96. Main shoots contributed about 81% of the total grain yield and 19% came from T1 and T2 tillers.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters and Selection Indices in F3 Progenies of Hill Rice Genotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulzar S. SANGHERA ◽  
Subhash C. KASHYAP
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The F3 population of eighteen different cross combinations using five local and seven exotic genotypes was used to study the genetic parameters, heritability, correlation and path coefficients for fourteen quantitative characters under temperate conditions. The selected progenies showed highly significant difference for most of the agro-morphological characters. Comparatively high phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for all the character than genotypic coefficient variation. High heritability (%) was recorded for days to 50% flowering (96%) followed by days to maturity (95%) and grain yield per plant (84%). High genetic advance were observed for grain yield (47%) followed by biological yield/plant (27%) and harvest index (25%). Days to 50% flowering was positively and significantly correlated with days to maturity, grain length with LB ratio flag leaf length with grain breadth and panicle length with grain breadth at genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that harvest index and biological yield has highest direct effect on yield followed by days to maturity and number of grain per panicle. Biological yield per plant has highest indirect effect on yield via days to flowering followed by grain weight via biological yield per plant, grain breadth via days to 50 % flowering and flag leaf length via biological yield per plant. Therefore, information on the genetic parameters such as coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance and the influence of environment on the expression of these characters will help the breeder to evolve suitable cultivars within a short time for hill ecologies.

scholarly journals Effect of herbicide Prechlor on the performance of T. aman rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
MSA Faruk ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
M Jannat ◽  
MG Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
And Performance

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2012 to find out the effect of herbicide Prechlor 500 EC on weed control and performance of transplant aman rice. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The experiment consisted of two varieties viz., BRRI dhan41 and Nizershail, and four levels of Prechlor @ 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 L ha-1. Monochoria vaginalis, Nymphaea nouchali, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Echinochloa crusgalli and Scirpus juncodies were the major weeds in the experimental plots. Prechlor 500EC @ 1.5 L ha-1 showed the best performance in reducing weed density, weed dry weight and increased weed control efficiency but reduce grain yield. Variety had significant influence on all the yield and yield contributing characters of rice. Higher grain yield (3.09 t ha-1) was obtained from BRRI dhan41. Different levels of Prechlor also had significant effect on yield and yield contributing characters such as number of total tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, spikelets panicle-1, grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. Prechlor @ 1.5 L ha-1 showed best performance with respect to most yield attributes, grain and straw yields and the lowest grain yield was obtained from Prechlor @ 0 L ha-1. The interaction effects of variety and herbicide Prechlor had significant effect on all yield attributes except plant height, effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and harvest index. The highest grain yield (3.62 t ha-1) was obtained from variety BRRI dhan41 with Prechlor @ 1.5 L ha-1. The results suggest that farmers can be advised to use herbicide Prechlor @ 1.5 L ha-1 to boost up the production of BRRI dhan41 controlling weeds during aman season under the agro-climatic condition of the study area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19923 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 257-264, 2013

scholarly journals Effect of weed control on the performance of transplant BRRI Dhan 32

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
H Akter ◽  
S Aktar ◽  
J Miah ◽  
SSF Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Panicum Repens ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Higher Doses

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2003 to find out the effect of weed control on the performance of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI Dhan 32. Weed control treatments  Included in the study were no weeding, one hand weeding, two hand weeding, one hand weeding+one weeding with Japanese rice weeder, Rift@ 0.5, 0.75, 1.0,  and 1.25 L ha-1 and Rostar@ 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 L ha-1. Important weed species found to infest the crop were Angta (Panicum repens), Acidgras (Ammania bacifera L.) Nackphulee (Cyperous difformis), Khudeshama (Echinochloa crusgalli) was the least important weed species. Higher doses of Rift 1.25L ha-1 and Ronstar 2.5 L ha-1 showed the best performance in reducing weed density and weed dry weight. The highest grain yield (5.0 4ton ha-1) was obtained from Ronstar 2.0 L ha-1 which was identical with the second highest grain yield (4.93 t ha-1) obtained from Rift 1.0 L ha-1. The highest net income of tk. 38915 ha-1 was obtained from Ronstar 2.0 L ha-1 and the next highest from Rift 1.0L ha-1.Progressive Agriculture 28 (4): 271-278, 2017

Study onGenetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.

scholarly journals Study of Coefficient of Variation, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Different Traits of Rice Genotypes Grown under Aerobic Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
Susmita Dey ◽  
◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
K. R. Battan ◽  
A. K. Chhabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biological Yield

The field experiments with thirty genotypes were conducted during June to October month of kharif, 2018 and kharif, 2019, to assess extent of variability under aerobic condition. The genotypes were sown under dry direct seeded condition using randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Each genotype was sown in single row of 5 m length with spacing of 20 cm between rows and 15 cm between plants. Data recorded for 22 characters including different morphological and quality traits from 5 randomly selected plants of each replication and mean data used for analysis. ANOVA revealed that the mean sum of squares were highly significant difference for most of the traits. The value of PCV was higher than GCV for all the twenty-two characters. However, maximum GCV and PCV were observed for root dry weight plant-1 (31.44% and 32.17%) followed grain yield plant-1 (29.97% and 31.03%), root volume (28.62% and 29.20%), root fresh weight plant-1 (28.51% and 29.08%), biological yield plant-1 (21.86% 22.50%) and number of grains panicle-1 (20.55% and 21.37%). Rest of the traits showed moderate and low GCV and PCV. High heritability and genetic advance were recorded for the traits viz., leaf length, number of tillers plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, 1000 seed weight, root length, root volume, root fresh weight plant-1, root dry weight plant-1, kernel length-breadth ratio, grain yield plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and harvest index. The information regarding different variability will provide direction to select high yielding genotypes under aerobic condition.

scholarly journals Economic and Horticultural Evaluation of Chemical and Mechanical Weed Control Strategies for Cowpea

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
Brian A. Kahn ◽  
Raymond Joe Schatzer
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Control Chemical ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Cowpea Seed ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Mechanical Weed Control

The herbicides paraquat, trifluralin, and metolachlor were compared for efficacy of weed control in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] with and without cultivation as a supplemental strategy. Herbicides also were compared against a no cultivation-no herbicide treatment (control) and against cultivation without an herbicide. Cultivation had no significant effect on seed yield, biological yield, or harvest index of cowpea. Paraquat, applied before seeding but after emergence of weeds, was ineffective for weed control and usually did not change cowpea yield from that obtained without an herbicide. Trifluralin and metolachlor more than tripled cowpea seed yield compared with that obtained without an herbicide in 1988, when potential weed pressure was 886 g·m-2 (dry weight). The main effects of trifluralin and metolachlor were not significant for cowpea seed yield in 1989, when potential weed pressure was 319 g·m-2 (dry weight). However, in 1989, these two herbicides still increased cowpea seed yield compared with that of the control and increased net farm income by more than $300/ha compared with the income obtained from the control. Chemical names used 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4' -bipyridlnium salts (paraquat); 2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzenamine (trifluralin); 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6 -methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-l-methylethyl) acetamide (metolachlor).

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, character association and diversity analyses for economic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Pratap ◽  
PK Singh ◽  
R Shekhar ◽  
SK Soni ◽  
AK Mall
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

One hundred high yielding rice genotypes were evaluated to determine character association, variability and diversity for grain yield, yield components and quality characters. High estimates of heritability, genetic advance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for panicle hill-1, flag leaf area and grain yield hill-1. Majority of the traits showed significant and positive associations between yield and yield components like biological yield hill-1 followed by harvest-index as most important traits which need due consideration at the time of devising selection strategy. Thus, presence of several contrasting types of inter-relationships simultaneously would bring improvement in others due to correlated responses. Path analysis might have resulted into cancellation of contrasting associations by each other which ultimately lead to lowering of the net impact. This suggested that selection would be quite efficient in improving yield and yield components in context of germplasm evaluated. The crossing between superior genotypes of above diverse cluster pairs may provide desirable transgressive segregants for developing high yielding varieties of aromatic and non-aromatic rice. Thus, hybridization of Swarna of cluster XI with promising genotypes of cluster VI (Narendra 118, Vandana, Narendra 1, Akashi and Narendra 97) is recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18326 SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 83-94 (2012)

scholarly journals Differential Response of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Genotypes to Native Rhizobia in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-337
Author(s):  
Sonam BINJOLA ◽  
Narendra KUMAR ◽  
Gaurav MISHRA
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Symbiotic Efficiency ◽  
Native Soil

Cowpea is an annual legume, rich in protein, which plays a critical role in the lives of millions of people in developing countries. Limited work has been done, especially on the symbiotic efficiency of cowpea against the native soil rhizobia. Therefore, our study was conducted to compare the effect of native rhizobia on nodulation, yield and protein content of eight cultivars and two control varieties in Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India. significant differences were observed among the cultivars tested in all the measured traits. Results of growth analysis indicated that ‘PGCP-4’ gave the highest number of nodules plant-1, nodule dry weight and protein content in grain, compared to both control varieties. Highest plant dry weight was recorded in ‘Pusa Komal’, while the highest grain yield was achieved in ‘PGCP-6’, followed by ‘PGCP-12’. This study hereby recommends ‘PGCP-6’ and ‘PGCP-12’ cultivars, as they are more suitable in terms of yield against the rhizobia.

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